The background of this research is the low learning motivation of students at SDN 08 Buluh Merindu. Research Method Using Quantitative The results of the Cycle 1 research showed that students' success rate in understanding the material was 79%. However, only 40% of students reached the new skill level, 50% of students were at the proficient level, and 10% of students were at the adequate level. In cycle 2, research data shows that student learning motivation has reached the set target of 79%. In terms of achieving skill levels, 60% of students are at the advanced level, 30% of students are at the proficient level, and only 10% of students are at the adequate level. The application of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) method in Catholic Religious Education lessons has been proven to improve student learning outcomes and motivation. The implication of these findings is that the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model has been proven to be able to increase student learning motivation in the classroom.

Education is currently still believed to be a very effective medium in building independent learning. The learning independence that the author means in this research is related to a condition where students are able to process themselves in making decisions and are responsible for the actions they take. In this research, the author also uses the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model. So that the learning process is always related to Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning steps. To achieve the educational goals proclaimed by the government, the author as a Catholic Religious Education teacher wants to take part in it, namely by increasing the learning independence of students in PAK which the author experiences is still very minimal, especially for students who are in the Mentawai Islands Regency and especially class VII students at SMPN 2 Siberut Tengah, with the title class action research : "Increasing the learning independence of class VII students through PBL in PAK and BP at SMPN 2 Siberut Tengah". From the problem formulation, it can be seen that the objectives of this PTK are: 1) To find out how to increase the learning independence of Class VII students through PBL in PAK and BP at SMPN 2 Siberut Tengah?; 2) To find out the activities of teachers and students in the learning process through PBL in PAK and BP class VII at SMPN 2 Siberut Tengah? This type of research is a type of classroom action research carried out in class with two cycles of face-to-face action . The variables in this research are students' learning independence as the dependent variable (variable x) and variable y is the activities of teachers and students in the learning process through PBL in PAK and BP . The primary data source in this research is class VII students at SMPN 2 Central Siberut, Mentawia Islands Regency, who have taken Catholic religious lessons . To obtain this data, the techniques used are observation, tests and documentation. The Hypothesis Analysis and Testing technique is quantitative descriptive , namely comparing the level of learning independence before this research was conducted, namely the initial condition of students' learning independence , the increase in students' independence after action I (cycle I) and the increase in students' independence after action II (cycle II), then reflected. Based on the research results, it can be concluded that there has been an increase in the independence of phase D class VII students in each indicator by implementing the Problem Based Learning model in PAK and BP.

Humans, who are living creatures with intelligence, have the potential to continue to develop. One way of human development is through education. Education for humanity is an absolute need that must be fulfilled throughout life. With education, humans can broaden their insight, be creative, prosperous, happy and be free from being left behind by the increasingly developing times. One of the education children receive is Catholic religious education at school. Studying Catholic Religious Education encourages students to become believers who are able to live and realize their faith in everyday life. In achieving the goals of Catholic religious education, a teacher must have skills in teaching, make careful plans and actively increase knowledge and experience in carrying out his duties. The success of learning depends on the teacher's success in activating students through the teaching and learning process which is supported by educational facilities and infrastructure, appropriate learning models and curriculum. The independent curriculum gives educators the freedom to create quality learning that suits students' needs and learning environment. The independent curriculum emphasizes the Pancasila student profile. In this classroom action research, the researcher focuses on the dimension of having faith in God Almighty and having noble morals and the dimension of critical reasoning. In the process of implementing Catholic religious education, a teacher often encounters problems, for example students are less active in the Catholic religious education learning process, students lack understanding of a concept and low student learning outcomes. There are many factors that cause low student learning outcomes, for example inappropriate learning models, lack of student involvement, the learning process is still teacher-centered and low student interest in reading PAK textbooks. Based on the problems above, teachers can provide meaningful learning experiences by designing the learning process. The learning model that can be applied is Discovery Learning. The use of the Discovery Learning model according to syntax includes providing stimulation, problem statement/identification, data collection, data processing. proof (verification), drawing conclusions/generalization (generalization). The objectives of this research are (1) To find out how to improve student learning outcomes through Discovery Learning for Class VIII SMP Negeri 6 Sibolga. (2) Knowing the increase in achievement targets through the Discovery Learning model in Class VIII of SMP Negeri 6 Sibolga. The type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques in this research use tests, observation and documentation. The data analysis technique used is comparative descriptive, namely comparing the test scores for action 1 and the test scores after action 2 and then reflecting on them. The research results can be concluded that the Discovery Learning model can improve learning outcomes for class VIII Catholic Religious Education at SMP Negeri 6 Sibolga. This is mainly because through the discovery learning model students learn directly to find new understanding through learning activities designed with various sources. The interaction and communication between teachers and students and communication between students really supports learning activities.

Education creates quality independent humans who are ready to adapt and compete in facing the challenges of global development. Catholic Religious Education and Character Education is one of the subjects that helps students face these challenges with cognitive, affective and psychomotor abilities, demonstrated through increasing learning independence to achieve learning outcomes. This research aims to increase student learning independence so that learning outcomes are achieved. Seeing the situation of students at SMA Negeri 1 Pollung who lack learning independence, this has a big influence on the process of learning activities, where conduciveness is disrupted. The teaching style used by the teacher is also less creative, only centered on the teacher using the lecture method. To overcome the problem of independent learning for students, especially those who are Catholic, the use of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model or problem-based learning is the appropriate model. The PBL model encourages students to play more of a role in learning activities and the teacher only acts as a facilitator who helps students find their own learning goals. The method used in this research is data collection by observation and assessment. Data is presented in the form of tables, diagrams, descriptions and conclusions drawn from research results. The syntax of the PBL model includes orienting students to problems, organizing students to learn, guiding individual and group investigations with discussion, presenting and developing results, analyzing and evaluating the problem solving process.

Learning that integrates literacy abilities, knowledge skills, skills and attitudes, as well as mastery of technology is 21st century learning. The characteristics of 21st Century learning are learning that must prepare the generation for advances in Information and Communication Technology (ICT or ICT) which are developing very quickly. These technological developments affect various aspects of life, including the learning process. 21st century learning is integrated with the independent curriculum, the development of which is a further step in developing the 2013 curriculum. At the junior high school level there are still students who lack motivation to study Catholicism. In particular, when presenting material or subjects about the Passion and death of Jesus in Class VIII, SMPN 5 Katingan Hilir, Katingan Regency, Central Kalimantan, from year to year there are always students who experience difficulties in learning so that learning outcomes do not match the expectations of the standards that have been set. . The assessment of Catholic Religious Education and Character at SMPN 5 Katingan downstream is expected to achieve a minimum good attitude score, a minimum knowledge score of 75, and a minimum skills score of proficient. To achieve the goals mentioned above, a learning approach that is quite challenging for teachers is the project-discovery learning approach. Learning Catholicism in schools apart from developing faith education, also has the function of forming good personality or character. Therefore, a learning model that is student-oriented is needed, so that they are able to develop critical thinking skills and solve problems faced in everyday life.
Discovery Learning is a learning model that can be applied to independent curriculum history learning because it can encourage students to think critically, have problem solving skills, connect knowledge about problems and real world issues. Based on the description above, it is hoped that this classroom action research can increase motivation and learning achievement in Catholic Religious Education Subjects. The use of the Discovery Learning Model that matches the syntax in learning Catholic Religious Education in class VIII of SMP Negeri 5 Katingan Hilir, material or subject matter about the Passion and death of Jesus, is very effective in increasing student motivation and learning achievement, which can be seen from the pre-cycle student learning motivation in the good category was 40%, increased in cycle I by 73.33% and in cycle II increased by 90%. The increase in student learning achievement can be seen through the average post test score in the first cycle stage, namely 77, then an increase to 89 in the second cycle post test. The improvement looks significant for students who need attention and guidance from teachers and classmates. This can be seen from students who increased quite high by 8%.

This classroom action research aims to improve Catholic religious education learning using a problem based learning model with material involved in environmental conservation for class V students at SDN 39 Jelutung. In the context of the Merdeka curriculum, Catholic religious education in Indonesia is focused on developing religious understanding, moral values ​​and Catholic spirituality for students. The Merdeka curriculum places emphasis on the Pancasila student profile. In this class action research, the author focuses on the dimensions of faith, devotion to God Almighty and noble character which is based on the formation of strong character and mental attitudes in the younger generation, especially in facing complex global challenges. The students who attend SDN 39 Jelutung are students who mostly come from very simple families, with a distance of approximately 3-4 km to school, on foot. Apart from that, one of the problems faced by the world of education is the weak learning process because students are not directed enough to develop their thinking abilities, who only memorize the information given by the teacher. Students' brains are forced to remember and store various information. Classroom learning is more often teacher-centered, so students tend to be more passive in learning activities. Therefore, teachers can provide learning experiences by designing the learning process. One way is to apply the problem based learning (PBL) learning model. The Merdeka Curriculum as an alternative curriculum in overcoming learning setbacks is by preparing and implementing the learning process and developing a curriculum in schools that takes into account the needs and potential of students. The research was carried out using qualitative descriptive methods.

This research was motivated by the low learning outcomes of students in the material "Preserving the Natural Environment" in class III of SD Negeri 17 Tomok, Simanindo District, Samosir Regency. So, to overcome this problem, researchers used the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model. With the aim of improving student learning outcomes by using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model. This research method is Classroom Action Research (PTK) which is carried out in two cycles. Each cycle consists of two meetings and four stages, namely planning, implementation, observation, reflection. The research subjects consisted of 4 class III students. Collection techniques include documentation, observation and tests. The results of this research can be concluded that student learning outcomes in the community element material are Preserving the Natural Environment. Cycle I Meeting 1 was 50% with Newly Developing (BB) criteria. In Cycle I Meeting 2 student learning outcomes increased, namely 74% with the Eligible criteria. In Cycle II, Meeting 1, student learning outcomes increased to 85% with the Cakap criteria. In Cycle II, Meeting 2, student learning outcomes increased to 89% with the Proficient criteria. Thus, it can be concluded that using the Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning model can improve student learning outcomes in the Material of Preserving the Natural Environment in class III of SD Negeri 17 Tomok. 

Abstract. The Problem Based Learning learning model is a learning method that is triggered by problems, which encourages students to learn and work cooperatively in groups to obtain solutions, think critically and analytically, and be able to determine and use appropriate learning resources. This research is classroom action research in the application of the Problem Based Learning Model with the help of Audio Visual Media. The aim of the research is to describe the Problem Based Learning learning model to improve student learning outcomes and mutual cooperation attitudes in Phase A class II at SDN Slembaran Surakarta. The research procedure follows the PTK flow, namely starting from planning (compiling lesson plans, learning tools, observation sheets, and evaluation instruments), research implementation (application of the Problem Based and Learning Model with the help of visual audio media), evaluation (test at the end of each learning cycle using test instruments, and mutual cooperation through observation). The data obtained was analyzed using descriptive quantitative analysis. The results of research carried out on 6 students achieved classical completion in cycle I with an average of 66, which is 50% shows that there are 3 students who got a score above 70, and 3 students does not meet completeness standards. Then in cycle II with the achievement of completeness The average is 100%, which shows that all 6 students meet the standards completeness, the application of the Problem Based and Learning Model is effective in improving learning outcomes and mutual cooperation attitudes assisted by audio visual media for Phase A Class II students at SDN Slembaran Surakarta for the 2023/2024
 

According to UNICEF, early marriage is marriage performed on adolescents who are less than 18 years old. Marriages that take place under the age of 18 contravene the rights to education, pleasure, health and freedom of expression. Low knowledge of adolescents about early marriage is a problem for adolescents in the incidence of early marriage. Data from the National Socioeconomic Survey (SUSENAS) in 2020 recorded that 1 in 9 women aged 20-24 years married while still a child and South Kalimantan was ranked first in Indonesia. The purpose of the study was to find out the picture of knowledge of students of SMA Negeri I Halong, Balangan Regency about Early Marriage. The research method used a descriptive survey, with the sampling used was a total sampling of 48 class X and XI students. The results of the study of students of SMA Negeri I Halong who had good knowledge about early marriage were 16 people (33.33%), enough knowledge 26 people (54.16%) and less than 6 people (12.5%). The conclusion of this study is an overview of the level of knowledge of female students of SMA Negeri I Halong about early marriage respondents from 48 moderately knowledgeable.

The independent curriculum emphasizes the Pancasila student profile. In this classroom action research, the researcher focuses on the dimension of independence which is based on the importance of forming strong character and mental attitudes in the younger generation, especially in facing complex global challenges. Improving learning outcomes through the PBL model on the material Jesus Christ Fulfilling God's Promises. The Class Action Research Report in this study aims to find out whether student learning achievement has increased after implementing the Problem Based Learning Model in Catholic Religious Education and Character Education Subjects for Students in Class VIII of One Roof 1 State Middle School, Malan Island in 2023/2024? The research object is the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Model, the form of research is Classroom Action Research with a cycle model, each cycle consists of four stages including: planning stage, implementation stage, observation stage and reflection stage. . The data analysis technique used consists of data reduction by selecting raw data into information, data presentation, namely presenting data in the form of descriptions, graphs, tables and drawing conclusions by making conclusions from research results that refer to the problem formulation. The use of the Problem Based Learning model according to the syntax which includes orienting students to problems, organizing students to learn, guiding individual and group investigations, developing and presenting results, analyzing and evaluating the problem solving process, is effective in helping increase learning motivation and student independence in material on Jesus Christ Fulfilling God's Promise in class VIII of SMPN Satap 1 Malan Island The data collection technique used by researchers was to observe students' activities guided by the P3 rubric. The results of observations from the three participants from the five students in cycle 1 averaged 74% and in cycle II 88% while the learning outcomes were in cycle! I the average was 81.5%, and in cycle II it increased to an average of 86.2%. The increase was seen to be 14% higher than before.