This study aims to develop a Riau cultural literacy module for elementary school students' narrative text writing skills that is valid, practical, and feasible to use. The method used in this study is Research and Development (R&D) with a 4D development model, which includes four stages: Define (needs analysis), Design (design), Development (development), and Disseminate (dissemination). The developed module was validated by three experts, namely teaching material experts, material experts, and language experts. Meanwhile, the practicality aspect was assessed through a practicality questionnaire given to teachers and students during a limited trial. Data collection techniques in this study include interviews, observations, and questionnaires. The data obtained were analyzed using quantitative analysis techniques and qualitative descriptions. The validation results showed that the developed teaching materials met the valid criteria with an average percentage of 96.1%. Meanwhile, the level of practicality of teaching materials based on the teacher's practicality questionnaire reached 83.3% with the category of "very practical," and the student's practicality questionnaire obtained a result of 90.3% with the category of "very practical". Based on the results of the validation and practicality test, it can be concluded that the elementary school Riau cultural literacy module has met the valid and practical criteria, so it is suitable for use in learning.

This study aims to analyze the use of Information and Communication Technology (ICT) in history learning at Madrasah Aliyah Darul Hikmah Tawangsari. The background of this study is based on the rapid development of ICT in the era ofe the industrial revolution 4.0 which has an impact on the education sector, especially in Islamic boarding school-based institutions. Thisc study usesa a qualitative descriptive method with data collection techniques in the form of observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that the Darul Hikmah Islamice Boarding Schoole has succeeded in integrating ICT into history learning through the preparation of a Learning Implementation Plan (RPP), preparation ofe learning media, and implementation of ICT-based learning. The application of ICT has been proven to increase students' interest, activeness, and understanding of history material. This study provides an overview of the strategy of ICT integration in history learning in the Islamic boarding school environment and its positive implications for the quality of learning.
 
 

Financial distress is a major issue for a company in terms of maintaining the sustainability of its performance in the future. One aspect that needs to be considered is the controlling shareholder family. It is an important factor that needs to be considered to see how the company's performance will develop in the future. Therefore, this study examines the relationship between the family controlling shareholders and the financial distress in Indonesia, which is moderated through socio-demographic factors. The moderated regression analysis (MRA) was applied to 253 Indonesian public limited companies from 2013 to 2021. The result revealed that family-controlling shareholders positively and significantly affect financial distress. On the other hand, experience as a socio-demographic factor also moderated this nexus negatively. Thus, the important role of the family controlling shareholders must be considered as a main factor for predicting financial distress in Indonesian companies.

Digital image segmentation is essential in image processing, influencing the accuracy of higher-level tasks. Thresholding is widely used, yet identifying optimal threshold values remains challenging. The Firefly Algorithm with Neighbourhood Attraction (FaNA), a metaheuristic approach, is efficient for color image thresholding but underperforms on grayscale images due to suboptimal thresholds. To overcome this, an enhanced version (eFaNA) was developed by integrating a chaotic tent map for population initialization and a Lévy flight-based random walk for improved exploration. eFaNA was compared with FaNA, fuzzy firefly algorithm (FFA), and the standard Firefly Algorithm (FA) in multilevel thresholding of grayscale images. Results demonstrate that eFaNA achieves superior segmentation quality with minimal detail loss, outperforming the others. The average PSNR obtained by eFaNA, FFA, FaNA, and FA was 25.5320 dB, 25.4075 dB, 24.1522 dB, and 24.4506 dB, respectively; average SSIM was 0.8641, 0.8604, 0.8432, and 0.6703; and execution time was 50.5322, 38.7726, 38.7528, and 107.6340 seconds, respectively. This reflects a PSNR improvement of 5.71% over FaNA, 0.49% over FFA, and 4.42% over FA, and an SSIM gain of 2.48% over FaNA, 0.43% over FFA, and 28.92% over FA. While eFaNA lags behind FFA and FaNA in execution time by ~11.8 seconds, it significantly outperforms FA. The performance gain is attributed to the chaotic tent map’s diverse initialization and the Lévy flight’s enhanced search capability. These improvements enable eFaNA to deliver consistently better threshold values and segmentation results. However, its relatively higher computational cost may limit applicability in real-time image processing.

Cash waqf (waqf al-nuqud) has emerged as a dynamic instrument within the broader framework of Islamic social finance, offering a flexible, inclusive, and potentially high-impact mechanism for sustainable development in Muslim-majority societies. Despite its significant potential—particularly in countries like Indonesia, where the annual estimated cash waqf capacity exceeds IDR 180 trillion—its realization remains suboptimal due to limitations in governance, institutional professionalism, and public trust. This study aims to develop a conceptual model for optimizing cash waqf management in Indonesia by integrating Islamic jurisprudential principles, behavioral economics, and production theory. Utilizing a qualitative, literature-based approach, the research synthesizes theoretical insights with practical models such as Interpretive Structural Modeling (ISM), SWOT analysis, and case studies from Indonesia (Waqf Amerta) and Malaysia (ICWME-I). A simplified production function model—WT=f(P,N)WT = f(P, N)—is proposed, where cash waqf output (WT) is determined by waqf potential (P) and the professionalism of nazhir institutions (N). Findings highlight that strategic optimization of cash waqf requires a multi-level approach involving regulatory reforms, human capital development, institutional transparency, and systematic public engagement. The study advocates for the establishment of professional nazhir institutions modeled after financial industry standards, with active state support in education, certification, and governance. By bridging theoretical and practical dimensions, this paper contributes to the growing literature on Islamic philanthropic finance and offers a strategic framework for enhancing the role of cash waqf as a vehicle for inclusive socio-economic transformation.Keywords: Cash Waqf; Islamic Social Finance; Nazhir Professionalism; Production Theory; Waqf Optimization; Strategic Modeling; Good Waqf Governance

The purpose of this study is to examine the business model canvas from a sharia perspective, and to find out whether the business model canvas can be used in BMT UMJ. This study intends to construct and analyze the sharia-based business model canvas, to find out the business model currently used by BMT UMJ and to make a SWOT analysis of BMT UMJ. The researcher chose to use a qualitative research method to determine how to find, collect, process and analyze the research data. Theoretically, the qualitative research format is different from the quantitative research format, and the data used are primary and secondary data. The data collection methods used are observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study show that BMT UMJ can use the sharia-based canvas business model if it adds several additional contracts such as wadiah contract and rahn contract, increases the number of BMT UMJ employees, and increases funding by 20%.Key Words : SWOT Analysis, Business Model Canvas (BMC), BMT UMJ

Learning difficulties remain a persistent and multifaceted challenge among junior high school students, significantly impacting academic achievement, motivation, and classroom engagement. This study explores the strategic implementation of guidance and counseling (GC) services in addressing these issues at SMP Negeri 178 Jakarta. Utilizing a qualitative case study design, data were gathered through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Findings indicate that GC services are systematically delivered through individual and group counseling sessions, classroom-based interventions, and motivational enhancement programs. The primary learning issues identified include diminished motivation, academic anxiety, inadequate study skills, and socio-emotional challenges that hinder student performance. Effective GC service delivery is supported by strong collaboration among counselors, subject teachers, homeroom teachers, and parents, alongside institutional support from school leadership. Conversely, barriers such as limited counselor availability, low student engagement, and a lack of awareness regarding the function of GC services impede optimal outcomes. The study concludes that the effectiveness of GC interventions is contingent upon contextually responsive, personalized, and collaborative approaches. These findings underscore the need to strengthen policy, enhance counselor professional development, and integrate GC programs into the school’s educational management system.Keywords: Guidance and Counseling; Learning Challenges; Individual Counseling; School Collaboration; Secondary Education

This study aims to describe students' mathematical understanding abilities through the application of a problem solving approach using magic coin media on integer operation material. This study is a qualitative study with a descriptive approach conducted at MTs An-Nuur Palembang in May of the 2025/2026 academic year. The subjects of the study were 25 grade VII students who were selected purposively. Data collection was carried out through observation, documentation, and learning outcome tests. The results of the study showed that the use of magic coin media in mathematics learning was able to improve students' conceptual understanding. This media helps students to be more active, understand integer operations concretely, and be involved in the problem-solving process independently or in groups. These findings indicate that the problem solving approach combined with magic coin media can create a fun learning atmosphere, and is effective in improving students' mathematical understanding abilities.

This study discusses criminal liability for perpetrators of online gambling crimes based on Law Number 19 of 2016 concerning Electronic Information and Transactions (ITE Law) from the perspective of Indonesian criminal law. The research employs a normative juridical approach with a case study method on Decision Number 628/PID.B/2023/PN Sleman. The defendant was proven to have knowingly distributed and disseminated links to online gambling sites via social media, as well as obtained financial gain from these activities. Based on the judge’s decision, the defendant was sentenced to 1 year and 8 months in prison and fined IDR 250,000,000. The results indicate that the application of Article 27 paragraph (2) in conjunction with Article 45 paragraph (2) of the ITE Law is in accordance with the principles of criminal liability, including the elements of fault (mens rea) and unlawful acts (actus reus). Nevertheless, challenges remain in law enforcement against online gambling, particularly regarding sites operating abroad and the low level of public legal awareness. The recommendations provided include a more comprehensive legal approach to enhance the effectiveness of combating online gambling in Indonesia.

The objective of this study is to design an appropriate strategy in instilling character values ??in grade 5 students of SDN Walikukun, with an emphasis on strengthening the values ??of responsibility, discipline, honesty, and cooperation. The study employed literature studies and qualitative data analysis, which resulted in the conclusion that it is very important for character building in elementary schools to be implemented systematically and sustainably. These efforts need to involve the active role of various parties, such as teachers, parents, schools, and the surrounding environment. The implementation strategy includes integrating character values ??in the teaching and learning process, habituating positive daily actions, role models from teachers, and monitoring student development through behavioral documentation. In addition, democratic and communicative parenting patterns greatly influence children's character formation, especially if adjusted to the child's innate personality type which can be recognized through approaches such as genetic personality. Simple digital technology can also be used as a supporting medium for character education, although there are still obstacles in the form of limited facilities and infrastructure. The results obtained from this study are hoped to be used as a reference in the implementation of relevant and effective character education at SDN Walikukun.