This research aims to analyze the comparison of the power output of monocrystalline solar panels with and without the use of mirror reflectors. The utilization of solar energy continues to grow, but the efficiency of solar panels highly depends on light intensity. The use of mirror reflectors is proposed as a method to increase the irradiation received by the panels. A quantitative experimental method was used, involving two identical configurations of monocrystalline solar panels: one without a reflector (control) and one with a mirror reflector. Voltage, current, temperature, and power data were collected every minute from 08:00 to 14:00 WIB using a microcontroller-based data acquisition system. The average results show an increase in the output power of the panel with a reflector (1.75W) compared to without a reflector (1.58W), although the temperature of the panel with a reflector is slightly higher. Analysis of variance (ANOVA) shows that the F-value (15206.12) far exceeds the F-table (2.012305) with a p-value approaching zero (0). These results statistically prove the existence of a significant difference in power output between the two configurations. Thus, it can be concluded that the use of mirror reflectors substantially increases the power output of monocrystalline solar panels, making it an effective strategy for optimizing the performance of photovoltaic systems.

Prison, is an institution whose existence is inseparable from law enforcement in Indonesia. Unlike prisons, Rutan functions as a temporary detention place for suspects or defendants who are undergoing the trial process.  Currently, almost all prisons and prisons in Indonesia are experiencing an overcrowding crisis  with an overcrowding rate. 92%. This condition is like a time bomb ready to explode. Extreme overcrowding in prisons and prisons has various negative impacts. Overcrowding in  correctional facilities and prisons is a serious problem that must be overcome immediately. The impact is not only on the health and safety of residents, but also on the effectiveness of coaching and the state budget. This study aims to find out and discuss the impact  of overcrowding on class IIB state prison inmates in Ruteng Regency. This research is an empirical legal research or empirical juridical research supported  by a statuecause  approach using primary data and secondary data collected using observation, documentation and interview techniques conducted with 33 informants. The data obtained was processed using editing techniques, data classification, data verification and description after which it was analyzed in a qualitative descriptive manner. The results of the study showed that (1) Overcrowding in Ruteng Class IIB Prison was caused by several interrelated factors. First, the limited capacity of Ruteng Detention Center. Second, the crime rate has increased in three districts. Third, the penal policy is not yet effective. Fourth, the low legal awareness of the public also plays a role in the increase in crime rates. (2) Overcrowding in Ruteng Class IIB Prison has a significant impact on inmates, especially in fulfilling their rights including the right to inmate health, the right to security, and the right to rehabilitation. Social coaching and reintegration programs cannot run effectively due to limited resources and space.

Corruption is one of the serious problems currently being faced by many countries in the world, including our country Indonesia. Not only does it harm the country's economy, corruption has also been proven to hinder the development of a country and create social injustice. This study aims to determine the basis for the judge's considerations in granting a pretrial motion by the former deputy minister of law and human rights and than the judge's decision related to the determination of the suspect in the pretrial motion. The method used in this study is normative legal research with a Legislation approach, Conceptual Approach, and Case Approach. The data collection technique used is library research, the data is collected and then analyzed using descriptive qualitative analysis. The results of the study show that the basis for the judge's considerations in the pretrial motion decision on the Eddy Hiariej case shows the judge's tendency to focus more on formal aspects than material aspects. The judge's decision in granting a pretrial motion, especially in corruption cases such as the Eddy Hiariej case, the judge should not limit his considerations only to the due process of law aspect which emphasizes procedural accuracy. However, on the other hand, judges are also required to pay attention to the dimensions of the crime control model, which emphasizes the effectiveness of eradicating crime, as well as the principle of substantive justice, which demands justice based on material truth.

Anemia is a common complication in cancer patients, especially in advanced stages, which affects quality of life and response to therapy. This study aims to analyze the relationship between cancer stage and hemoglobin (Hb) levels in female patients undergoing chemotherapy. This quantitative study used a cross-sectional design and involved 54 female cancer patients at the H. Adam Malik General Hospital Polyclinic, Medan. The sampling technique used convenience sampling. Data were analyzed using the Spearman's rho test to determine the relationship between cancer stage and Hb levels. The majority of respondents were in stage 3 (48.1%) and stage 4 (37.0%), with 63% experiencing moderate anemia (Hb 8–10 g/dL). The results of the Spearman test showed a significant positive correlation between cancer stage and Hb levels (r = 0.683; p = 0.000), indicating that the more advanced the cancer stage, the lower the hemoglobin levels tend to be. It was concluded that there was a significant relationship between cancer stage and hemoglobin levels in female patients. These results emphasize the importance of monitoring Hb levels in clinical management and nursing care of cancer patients, especially in advanced stages.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of healthy and halal food in schools, particularly at SMK Ibnu Khaldun Balikpapan. The background of this research is driven by the importance of consuming food that meets health and halal standards in forming a healthy lifestyle in accordance with Islamic law. The research method used is a descriptive quantitative approach with a survey technique through questionnaires administered to 100 students in grades X and XI. The results of the study indicate that students' awareness of the importance of healthy and halal food is relatively high, although there are still challenges in its comprehensive implementation, particularly in terms of school canteen supervision and regular education. These findings serve as an important basis for school authorities and policymakers to design more intensive programs to promote the adoption of healthy and halal eating habits.

This study aims to examine the legal protection of property brought into marriage that is mixed with joint property as a result of joint management in a marriage. In many cases, this mixing causes unclear legal status of the assets, especially during divorce or inheritance division. This study uses empirical normative legal methods with a qualitative descriptive approach. The data obtained were analyzed using data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing techniques. This study shows that legal regulations in Indonesia related to the protection of property brought into marriage that is mixed with joint property due to joint management in marriage, and highlights the inconsistency of court decisions in such disputes and their impact on household economic stability. Law Number 1 of 1974 concerning Marriage and the Compilation of Islamic Law have distinguished between property brought into marriage and joint property, practice in the field shows that mixing of property due to joint management often causes conflict during divorce. Inconsistency in court decisions arises due to the unclear norms in Article 37 of the Marriage Law which provide room for different interpretations by judges. This has an impact on legal uncertainty and potential injustice, especially for parties who are socially or economically weaker. Mixed property disputes also affect household economic stability, exacerbate social inequality, and cause psychological burdens for family members, including children. This study recommends the need for more detailed regulatory updates, the issuance of technical guidelines by the Supreme Court to unify decision standards, and increased legal education for the community to prevent conflicts through marriage agreements.

Employee productivity is a crucial element in determining the operational success of a company, which is influenced by internal factors such as technical skills and working conditions. The purpose of this study is to examine the extent to which technical skills contribute to increasing employee productivity at PT Sumber Bara Abadi, considering the role of the work environment as a mediating variable. The research approach is quantitative, using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) method with the Partial Least Squares (PLS) technique. The population in this study includes all 70 permanent employees of the company, where the entire population was used as the sample through a census technique due to its limited size. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire designed to assess aspects of technical skills, work environment, and productivity levels. The analysis results indicate that technical skills have a positive and significant influence on productivity, as well as on the work environment. Additionally, the work environment was also found to have a significant impact on employee productivity. Other findings confirm that technical skills indirectly influence productivity through the mediation of the work environment. Based on these results, it is recommended that the company develop a technical skills training program integrated with a strategy for creating a conducive work environment to promote optimal and sustainable productivity.

The integration of telemedicine and artificial intelligence (AI) into critical care has emerged as a revolutionary development in the healthcare sector, aiming to enhance patient care and outcomes. This research aims to explore the impact of these technologies on improving the quality of patient care in intensive care units (ICUs). A systematic review of recent studies published between 2018 and 2023 was conducted to analyze the role of telemedicine in improving access to healthcare and the application of AI in enhancing diagnostic accuracy and monitoring patients in real-time. The findings suggest that both telemedicine and AI significantly reduce response times, improve decision-making processes, and increase the accuracy of diagnoses, which ultimately contribute to better patient safety and outcomes. The research also highlights challenges, including infrastructure limitations and the need for specialized training for healthcare professionals. The study’s implications underline the importance of integrating these technologies in critical care units to improve overall healthcare delivery, while addressing barriers to implementation. Future research should focus on overcoming these challenges and exploring long-term outcomes of technology use in critical care environments.

Edentulism is the condition of losing all permanent teeth in the upper and lower jaws, which can impair masticatory function. Masticatory performance is influenced by various factors, one of which is the salivary flow rate, which is also affected by age. This study aimed to determine the average salivary flow rate and masticatory performance, as well as their correlation based on age in complete denture (CD) wearers at the Dental and Oral Hospital of Universitas Sumatera Utara. This research is a descriptive-analytic study with a cross-sectional design involving 20 respondents, consisting of 10 adults (aged 19–59 years) and 10 elderly individuals (aged ≥60 years). The salivary flow rate was measured using the spitting method with sugar-free chewing gum, and masticatory performance was assessed using the color-changeable chewing gum method and the Visual Analog Scale (VAS). Results showed that the average salivary flow rate in adults was 3.18 ± 0.91 ml/min, and in the elderly was 2.29 ± 1.29 ml/min. The average masticatory performance score in adults was 3.8 ± 1.14, and in the elderly was 3.4 ± 1.17. Spearman correlation test showed a significant correlation between salivary flow rate and masticatory performance in both adults (p=0.014) and the elderly (p=0.049). In conclusion, there is a significant relationship between salivary flow rate and masticatory performance based on age. Adult patients demonstrated better salivary flow rates and masticatory performance than elderly patients.

This study aims to determine the influence of Ownership Structure, Capital Structure,   Good   Corporate   Governance   and   Company   Size   on   Company Financial Performance in Energy Sector companies listed on the Indonesia stock exchange for the period 2019-2023. The variables used in this study, the independent variable (X) consists of Ownership Structure proxied by Institutional Ownership (KI), Capital Structure proxied by Debt to Equity Ratio (DER), Good Corporate Governance proxied by Independent Board of Commisioners (DKI) and Company Size by Ln (TA) and the dependent variable (Y) is Financial Permormance proxied by Return on Assets (ROA). The sample in this study was obtained using the purposive side method.Based on the criteria and data processing process that  were set, 25 companies  were determined as research samples. The data analysis technique used was multiple linear regression. The results of this study state that the influence between ownership structuree, capital structutre, good corporate governance, and company size has a  simultaneous effect on the financial performance of the Energy sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX).