The pattern of asah, asih, asuh is still a priority problem to be resolved in Indonesia. Prevalence data on infants and toddlers with a lack of basic needs such as malnutrition, lack of interest in coming to the integrated health post, and the absence of monitoring of infant and toddler development in Babakan Village, Ciseeng District, Bogor Regency, there are around 20 infants and toddlers who still do not get the correct asah, asih, asuh pattern. This education aims to increase public understanding, especially mothers who have toddlers, regarding the concept of Asah, Asih, Asuh as a holistic approach in supporting child growth and development. This education uses a lecture method with booklet media. Data collection was carried out by distributing questionnaires, the results of the education obtained a p value of 0.000 (p <p = 0.05) which means that there is an influence on increasing knowledge of basic living needs for infants and toddlers asah, asih, asuh as an intervention to prevent unbalanced nutrition and a lack of basic needs for infants and toddlers. And the t value is 6.205. The conclusion of this study is that educational interventions on Asah, Asih, Asuh can increase mothers' awareness and knowledge in caring for and fulfilling the basic needs of infants and toddlers, which ultimately contributes to more optimal child growth and development. It is hoped that the infant and toddler development monitoring program can be implemented at the integrated health post and mothers can better understand the contents of the KIA book.

This study aims to analyze the influence of interaction between parents on children's emotional development. Using a descriptive-qualitative approach based on literature studies in the past five years, the study found that interactions that include communication, parenting, and emotional support play a very important role. These aspects contribute to the formation of the child's emotional regulation, self-confidence, and social skills. This study makes a significant conceptual contribution to the development of emotionally sensitive parenting strategies. Children who experience positive interactions in their family environment tend to show good emotional balance and adaptive social skills. Conversely, negative interaction patterns can trigger problems such as anxiety, aggressiveness, and difficulty socializing. In addition, factors such as parental stress, lack of understanding of emotions, and excessive use of technology play a role in affecting the quality of the relationship. The findings of this study emphasize the importance of parental involvement in emotionally aware parenting practices to support children's growth and development. The study also highlights the need for social support and ongoing education for parents, in order to build an emotionally healthy family environment. It is hoped that the results of this study can be the basis for the development of family education programs and parenting policies based on scientific approaches.

This study aims to determine whether there is a significant difference in the influence of product reviews and ratings on purchase intention on e-commerce platforms based on age groups. The research used a quantitative approach with a comparative design. A total of 42 respondents participated, consisting of 21 individuals under the age of 25 and 21 individuals over the age of 25. Data were collected using a Likert-scale questionnaire covering three main aspects: product reviews, product ratings, and purchase intention. All 15 statements in the questionnaire were tested and found to be valid. Data analysis included validity testing, reliability testing, normality testing, and the Mann-Whitney U test to compare age groups. The results showed a significant difference between the two age groups regarding the influence of reviews and ratings on purchase intention. These findings indicate that age influences how individuals respond to evaluative information on e-commerce platforms. Therefore, digital marketing strategies should consider demographic differences to more effectively target diverse consumer groups.

This study aims to examine the implementation of Regional Regulation Number 4 of 2014 concerning the Protection and Empowerment of Farmers and Fish Farmers in Sidoarjo Regency. Focusing on Gisik Cemandi Village as the case study, this research employs a qualitative descriptive approach with Grindle’s policy implementation theory as the main analytical framework. The findings reveal that while various programs such as skill training, fuel subsidies, fishing equipment aid, and institutional strengthening have been carried out, there are still obstacles in equitable distribution, budget constraints, and continuity of the programs. Nevertheless, strong inter-agency coordination, responsiveness of the implementers, and active participation from the fishermen community contributed positively to the overall implementation. This study underscores the importance of aligning public policy with community needs to achieve sustainable development in coastal areas.

Environmental crises such as climate change, ecosystem degradation, and pollution have prompted countries to formulate environmental policies aimed at preserving environmental sustainability. However, the effectiveness of these policies is often questioned, particularly in their implementation. This article aims to evaluate the impacts of environmental policies implemented over the past decade on biodiversity, air quality, and waste management, as well as to identify implementation barriers and provide recommendations for policy improvement. The study employs a literature review method by analyzing various scientific sources, policy reports, and related documents. The evaluation results indicate that economic incentive-based policies, such as carbon taxes and renewable energy subsidies, tend to be more effective in reducing emissions and promoting clean energy adoption. Nevertheless, policy implementation frequently faces obstacles including lack of political support, limited resources, public resistance, and weak inter-sectoral coordination. Improvement strategies are needed, including enhanced cross-sector collaboration, strengthened data and information systems, and public education to support the success of sustainable environmental policies.

This paper examines the military cooperation between Brunei Darussalam and the United Kingdom, as well as its impact on regional stability in Southeast Asia, focusing on Brunei's non-alignment strategy as a small state. Using a descriptive analytic method based on a literature review, this paper explores descriptive data on the dynamics of Brunei's foreign policy strategy in building bilateral relations, the role of the UK post-Brexit through the Global Britain strategy in strengthening bilateral relations with ASEAN member countries, and the implementation of Brunei and British military cooperation in maintaining regional security stability through the presence of British Forces Brunei since 1963. This is supported by historical ties and the Garrison Agreement to strengthen the security of the country and the region without confrontation. Therefore, this paper shows that Brunei has managed to balance military cooperation with the UK and economic cooperation with China in the midst of great power rivalries and tensions over the South China Sea dispute, as well as its implications for regional stability.

The current global economic situation is facing various complex challenges, including climate change, economic inequality, and technological revolution. The Keynesian theory, which emphasizes the active role of government in stabilizing the economy, remains relevant for designing adaptive and sustainable economic policies. This article discusses the development of Keynesian theory in addressing future challenges, focusing on green investment, equitable redistribution policies, and strengthening technological innovation. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative literature study with thematic analysis of national and international scientific sources. The findings indicate that the renewal of Keynesian theory should not only aim at maintaining short-term stability but also support long-term sustainability by emphasizing the synergy between fiscal policy, technological innovation, and social justice.

In a context where students face increasingly complex academic choices, this work proposes a recommendation system based on Bayesian networks to guide new baccalaureate holders in their university choices. Using a dataset containing variables such as secondary school section, gender, type of school, percentage obtained, age, and first-year honors, we have constructed a probabilistic model capturing the dependencies between these characteristics and the option chosen. The data is collected at the Catholic University of Bukavu, the Official University of Bukavu, and the Higher Institute of Education of Bukavu, preprocessed and then used to learn the structure via the hill-climbing algorithm with the BIC score using R's bnlearn tool. The model enables us to estimate the probability that a candidate will choose a given stream, depending on their profile. The approach has been validated using metrics such as BIC, cross-validation, and bootstrap and offers a good compromise between interpretability and predictive performance. The results highlight the potential of Bayesian networks in constructing explainable recommendation systems in the field of academic guidance. The system produces orientation probability maps for each candidate, which can be used by enrollment service advisers, as well as an ordered list of options relevant to the candidate's profile. With a remarkable performance on a test sample of precision@k=0.85, recall@k=0.61, ndcg=0.8, and Map=0.88, it constitutes an effective lever for reducing the risk of being misdirected in universities in South-Kivu, in the Democratic Republic of Congo

In this paper, Fredholm integro-differential equations are solved using the derivative of the Lucas polynomials in matrix form. The equation is first transformed into systems of nonlinear algebraic equations using the Lucas polynomials. The unknown parameters required for approximating the solution of Fredholm integro-differential equations are then determined using Gaussian elimination. The method has proven to be an active and dependable technique for solving many Fredholm integro-differential equations of different order. The novelty in this technique is that it is capable of solving Fredholm integro differential equation of any order by simply updating the matrix of derivative of the Lucas polynomials also surprisingly the technique was tried on mix Fredholm-Volterra integro differential equation and the result obtained was amazing. Some test problems contained in the literature were solved using the developed technique and the results confirmed the applicability and efficiency of the method. The accuracy of the method was observed to be better when compared with some existing methods.