Santri yang tidak disiplin dalam pondok pesantren berdampak negative pada tujuan pembelajaran dan hasil belajar santri. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk memahami bagaimana kepemimpinan demokratis oleh kyai yang dikaji dari empat aspek dalam mengatasi disiplin santri di Pondok Pesantren Al-Umm Malang. Penelitian ini menggunakan pendekatan kualitatif dengan teknik pengumpulan data melalui observasi, wawancara, dan dokumentasi. Data dianalisis melalui pengumpulan data, reduksi, penyajian, dan kesimpulan, serta keabsahan data dikonfirmasi melalui teknik triangulasi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa: aspek supporting psikologis, kiyai memberikan motivasi yang berdampak positif pada siswa untuk disiplin seperti memberi hadiah, nasihat dan lain sebagainya. Aspek implementasi peraturan dengan mengawal ketat pelaksanaan peraturan melalui sistem reward dan punishment. Aspek pengontrolan disiplin dengan memanggil santri yang intredisipliner untuk di bombing. Sedangkan aspek keterbukaan yakni kiyai menerima segala saran dan masukan dari santri. Kemudian dampak yang dihasilkan adalah santri disiplin dan terbangun komunikasi yang baik. Kesimpulan: kepemimpinan demokratis telah berjalan maksimal dalam mengatasi disiplin santri. Kontribusi penelitian: menjadi bahan kajian dalam mengatasi disiplin santri atau siswa di semua lembaga penelitian.

Islamic education plays a significant role in shaping the character of students through effective management to integrate character development into the learning process. The study aims to examine character-based management in Islamic educational institutions. This research employs a qualitative method with a literature study approach. Data were collected from scientific journals and books. The results show: (1) management is a series of planned actions from planning to evaluation. (2) character development is the process of combining values or components into something. (3) Islamic educational institutions are schools based on Islamic religion to shape religious students. (4) character development management in Islamic educational institutions is a framework for organizing and managing education, considering Islamic character development such as honesty, justice, and patience in the curriculum and classroom learning. Conclusion: character development management is able to shape students to become more Islamic in schools.

Literacy movement is one of the important activities to encourage the development of students' thinking patterns. This research aims to explain and describe the stages of implementing the literacy movement in strengthening the critical thinking skills of sixth-grade students at Larangan Badung 1 State Elementary School, Pamekasan Madura. The research method used a qualitative method with a case study design. Data collection techniques: interviews with the school principal, class teachers, and students; then documentation and observation. Data analysis techniques: data condensation, presentation, and verification. Data validity checking with: source and technique triangulation. The results show that the stages include: familiarization by reading for 15 minutes before learning, development by regular visits to the public library, activities such as summarizing, discussions, and group work, application by reading together from teaching materials, digital literacy implementation using laptops and projectors for teaching material delivery, and product stage in the form of short story writing. Supporting factor: students' enthusiasm. Inhibiting factor: students not following instructions. Conclusion: the stages of digital literacy application proceed systematically. Research contribution: to ensure the sustainability and development of literacy movement activities.

The purpose of this study is to explain and describe the role of the principal in improving the quality of human resources at Al-Ghafur Vocational High School in Sumenep. The research method used is qualitative through a case study. Data collection techniques include interviews, observations, and documentation. The results of the study show that the principal's strategy in improving the quality of human resources includes the design and development of a curriculum that meets the needs of students, with a primary focus on HR management. The goal is for all school members to have a high spirit to advance the educational institution. Other strategic steps include regular performance monitoring and evaluation, as well as staff training and skills development. The principal also strives to build good relationships with the community through meetings with students' guardians, social activities, and school events. As an educational manager, the principal focuses on improving HR quality through regular planning, organizing, directing, coordinating, and supervising. Factors such as effective leadership, a supportive organizational culture, clear policy implementation, technology development, and HR training also play important roles in improving HR quality.

The percentage of teachers teaching outside their field is 22.1%, with an average UKG test score of only 40.71, indicating a significant lack of professionalism. This is attributed to inadequate education, motivation, and dedication to their work. This research aims to explain the school culture at SD Islam Al-Azhar 14 Semarang used to shape professional teachers. The study employs qualitative methods with a case study approach, gathering data through interviews with principals, teachers, staff, and students. Data processing involves condensation, data presentation, and conclusions. Data validity is ensured through triangulation of techniques and sources. Results show that the communication culture at SD Islam Al-Azhar 14 Semarang emphasizes teacher professionalism through a unique system to build solids working relationships and maintain a strong culture. Integrated management aligned with the school's vision and mission, along with continuously updated structured planning, reflects discipline in adherence to regulations. External collaboration, including foundation oversight of principals and support from parents, strengthens synergy among teachers, principals, and staff. Conclusion: The implemented school culture helps in shaping teacher professionalism.

Management of facilities and infrastructure in schools is a crucial activity that greatly influences the success of the learning process. This research aims to understand the management of facilities and infrastructure in the learning process of group B1 at kindergarten 17 Teladan Sugar Factory Sumberharjo, Pemalang District. The research adopts a qualitative approach with a case study design. Primary data is obtained from the school principal, educators, and parents, while secondary data is gathered from relevant documents and records. Data collection techniques include observation, interviews, and documentation. Data processing involves reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Research findings indicate that planning: is conducted through discussions with teachers and parents, along with short, medium, and long-term school programs. Procurement: realized through funding from operational assistance and parental contributions. Arrangement: carried out by placing learning facilities according to the needs in classrooms and schoolyards. Utilization: is the responsibility of all school members, with routine maintenance every Friday. Disposal: This is done by storing damaged items or disposing of unused ones. Inhibiting factors include limited funds, lack of specialized management, and parental cooperation in fundraising. Supporting factors include committee involvement, financial support, and student numbers. Conclusion: facility management has been maximized, leading to quality learning outcomes.

Damage to the education management system is often caused by ineffective school principal leadership. The success of educational institutions depends greatly on the ability of madrasa heads to carry out management functions such as planning, organizing, directing, and controlling. This research uses qualitative methods by collecting data through interviews, observation, and documentation at State Islamic High School 3 Central Tapanuli. Next, the data was analyzed through the stages of reduction, analysis, and drawing conclusions. The results of this research identify several important points related to management at State Islamic High School 3 Central Tapanuli. First, analyze the role of school principals in improving institutional performance through good leadership. Second, strategic planning involving staff participation contributes to the establishment of clear educational goals. Third, optimal organization with a structured division of tasks increases coordination and operational efficiency. Fourth, inspirational guidance from the madrasa head motivates teachers and staff to contribute optimally. Lastly, regular control ensures that the quality of education is maintained through continuous evaluation and improvement. Overall, this research confirms that the success of educational institutions is highly dependent on the effective implementation of management functions.

Reading is important for students as it will influence their skills and knowledge. The research aims to explain and describe library service strategies in enhancing students' reading interest at Budi Cendekia Islamic School Junior High School and Al-Hasra Senior High School. The research method employed a qualitative case study approach. Data collection techniques included documentation, observation, and interviews. Data processing involved reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Data validity was ensured through credibility and confirmability. Research findings: (1) Reading interest analysis: students have a high interest in reading during breaks, free periods, and books that meet their needs. (2) Service strategies: provision of fiction books, selection of reading ambassadors, procurement of relevant learning materials, book provision surveys, creating reading corners, library electronic services, and literacy competitions. (3) Impact: increasing students' enthusiasm for reading inside or outside the library. Conclusion: library services have been operating at their maximum capacity to enhance students' enthusiasm for reading.

The criminal disparity is inconsistent of different decisions toward crime with similar characteristics where its danger is comporable without obvious justification. Narcotics are substances or drugs from plants or others, wheter synthetic or semi synthetic, that can fatally affect the consciousness and lead to an addiction. This study aimed to analyze the factors influencing the disparity in judges decisions and the solutions or judges consideration in sentencing toward drug abuse cases. This normative research used a case approach referencing primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials. Data collection techniques were carried out using literature studies. Based on the analysis, two factors influenced the judges decision legal and social. Besides, the verdict made by the judge has not fulfilled the sense of justice due to the irrelevancy.

Tegal Regency regional regulation Number 2 of 2018 concerning Village-Owned Enterprises is a regional policy in the context of increasing the potential of village resources. The hope is that this regional policy can be a solution for developing village potential, which in Tegal district has a lot of village development potential. As well as increasing the potential of village business capabilities. With Village-owned Enterprises, it is hoped that the business potential in Tegal Regency, which has a large number of small and medium businesses and a high entrepreneurial culture, will certainly be the main requirement if the regional government can seize this opportunity to improve and empower the business world in Tegal Regency to the maximum. This research is a Normative Juridical Research on issues relating to the Job Creation Law and Village-Owned Enterprises policies. This research aims to determine the implementation of Tegal regent's regulation number 2 of 2018 concerning village-owned enterprises as well as solutions to obstacles in its implementation., in This research uses a qualitative data analysis method, namely normative juridical which is presented descriptively. Regent's Regulation number 2 of 2018 created a main strategy, namely Tegal Regency's commitment to improving the ranking of all indicators in investment policy in a better direction, structural improvements for all indicators, implementing ease of doing business for all communities, especially micro, small and medium enterprises through village-owned enterprises.