The installation of sea fences in Tangerang has triggered significant environmental law violations, affecting coastal ecosystems and the lives of local communities. This study aims to analyze the legal aspects of these violations and their impacts on coastal law enforcement in Indonesia. Using qualitative descriptive methods, data were collected through observation and in-depth interviews with various stakeholders. The results of the study indicate that the installation of the fences was carried out without permits and environmental impact analysis (AMDAL), and resulted in decreased fish catches and loss of community access to marine space. Weak law enforcement and minimal community participation in decision-making exacerbate these problems. This study contributes to the understanding of the importance of integration policies, legal awareness, and the need for active community participation in coastal resource management. The implications of the research results underline the urgent need to improve collaboration between stakeholders and strengthen law enforcement for environmental sustainability. Suggestions for further research include investigating similar violations in other coastal areas in Indonesia.

This study is about the role of rahn contracts in financing micro, small, and medium enterprises (MSMEs), which aims to increase the effectiveness of the use of rahn contracts in supporting access to sharia financing. The method used in this study is a descriptive qualitative approach through a study of relevant literature. The results of the study indicate that rahn contracts play a very important role in opening access to micro financing for MSME actors, especially through Islamic financial institutions such as Islamic pawnshops and Baitul Maal Wat Tamwil (BMT). In recent years, the use of rahn contracts has increased significantly because it is considered capable of providing fast, flexible financing solutions that are in accordance with the principles of justice and sharia. Rahn is an inclusive alternative for MSMEs that do not have fixed collateral and have difficulty accessing conventional financing.Keywords : Fiqh Muamalah, Islamic Finance, Microfinance, MSMEs, Rahn Contract

This research aims to examine the application of business ethics in Islam, particularly moral principles in muamalah transactions, as well as the challenges faced in its implementation in the modern era. Using a descriptive qualitative approach based on a literature study, this research highlights key values such as honesty, openness, trustworthiness and responsibility as the foundation of Islamic business ethics. The case study of Toko Roti Gembul in Pontianak shows how these principles can be applied in the business world. The results also reveal various challenges, such as a lack of understanding of sharia concepts, weak supervision, and not optimal integration of Islamic values in business strategies. Al-Ghazali's thoughts on positive motivation and business as fardhu kifayah also strengthen the urgency of ethics in building a fair and sustainable economic system. This research is expected to be an academic and practical contribution in encouraging the application of Islamic values in modern business activities.Keywords: Islamic business ethics, morals, muamalah, transactions, sharia principles.

This study presents RetenNet, a comprehensive framework for managing customer churn in telecommunications, integrating predictive modelling, prescriptive optimization, and explainable artificial intelligence (XAI) incorporated with Large Language Models (LLMs). The process commences with the IBM Telco dataset, divided in an 80:20 ratio into training and testing sets. Categorical variables are converted by one-hot and label encoding, whilst class imbalance is mitigated using SMOTEENN. Min-max scaling and mutual information-based feature selection guarantee data appropriateness for machine learning models. Five classification algorithms, i.e., Random Forest (RF), Support Vector Machine (SVM), Extreme Gradient Boosting (XGB), Logistic Regression (LR), and Multi-Layer Perceptron (MLP) are assessed. The SVM model utilizing an RBF kernel exhibits optimal performance. In conjunction with nested cross-validation, Bayesian optimization guarantees excellent hyperparameter optimization and generalization. Performance is evaluated using the F1-score to highlight the implications of false negatives and false positives in churn situations. The methodology additionally incorporates fuzzy rule-based clustering, facilitating flexibility in customer segment identification for intervention priority. Prescriptive optimization uses linear integer programming to distribute retention budget according to model results and business constraints. SHAP waterfall plot employed to guarantee transparency and facilitate actionable insights. Furthermore, Gemini 1.5 Flash, a multimodal LLM, generates analysis and produces contextual recommendations derived from the SHAP waterfall plot. RetenNet offers a comprehensive and interpretable approach to the churn management pipeline, including classical machine learning, prescriptive optimization, and LLM-driven explainable artificial intelligence to enhance decision-making in customer retention efforts.

Permintaan material tubing di sektor minyak dan gas adalah elemen penting yang secara langsung berpengaruh pada kelancaran proses produksi. Tubing berfungsi sebagai saluran utama untuk mengalirkan fluida dari reservoir ke permukaan, sehingga keterlambatan dalam mendapatkan komponen ini bisa mengganggu proses pengeboran dan produksi. Salah satu kendala utama dalam pengelolaan rantai pasok adalah ketidakpastian dalam fluktuasi permintaan material, terutama dalam kondisi operasional yang berubah-ubah seperti yang dialami oleh PT Pertamina EP Asset-1 Field Jambi. Oleh karena itu, diperlukan metode peramalan yang dapat secara tepat memperkirakan permintaan di masa mendatang untuk mendukung keputusan dalam pengadaan dan pengelolaan stok. Studi ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis dan meramalkan permintaan material tubing dengan menggunakan metode Single Exponential Smoothing (SES), yang dikenal efektif untuk data yang tidak memiliki tren dan tidak musiman. Data yang dianalisis adalah permintaan tubing dari tahun 2015 hingga 2023. Dua nilai smoothing (dan ) diuji untuk menilai akurasi model dengan menggunakan indikator Mean Absolute Deviation (MAD), Mean Squared Error (MSE), dan Mean Absolute Percentage Error (MAPE). Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa nilai  menghasilkan tingkat akurasi yang superior dengan MAD sebesar 479,55, MSE sebesar 614. 854,49 dan MAPE sebesar 16,8%. Temuan tersebut menggambarkan bahwa metode SES dapat berfungsi sebagai alat yang efektif untuk mendukung efisiensi pengadaan material, pengendalian persediaan, serta pengambilan keputusan strategis dalam sistem logistik perusahaan.

Keselamatan dan kesehatan kerja (K3) merupakan aspek penting dalam industri manufaktur, khususnya pada proses yang melibatkan mesin berisiko tinggi seperti spot welding. Penelitian ini dilakukan untuk menganalisis penyebab kecelakaan kerja yang terjadi pada mesin spot welding di salah satu perusahaan manufaktur, serta merancang sistem kerja yang lebih aman dengan pendekatan Kaizen. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah studi kasus dengan pendekatan deskriptif-analitis. Pengumpulan data dilakukan melalui observasi langsung, studi dokumen, dan wawancara. Analisis risiko dilakukan menggunakan metode HIRARC (Hazard Identification, Risk Assessment, and Risk Control), dan akar masalah diidentifikasi menggunakan diagram fishbone. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa kecelakaan kerja terjadi akibat ketidakpatuhan operator terhadap prosedur kerja, tidak adanya sistem pengaman otomatis, serta lemahnya pengawasan. Sebagai solusi, dirancang perbaikan sistem kerja dengan menerapkan double-hand operation system untuk mencegah tangan operator berada di area berbahaya saat mesin beroperasi. Modifikasi ini dinilai efektif karena merupakan bentuk poka-yoke yang sederhana namun mampu menghilangkan risiko secara teknis. Penerapan sistem kerja berbasis Kaizen terbukti dapat meningkatkan keselamatan kerja secara signifikan dan mencegah terulangnya kecelakaan serupa di masa mendatang.

This study aims to analyze the development strategy of shoe washing and Medium Enterprises (SMEs) in facing increasingly tight competition. Shoe washing SMEs, as one of the business sectors with great potential, often face serious challenges, such as limited capital, low use of technology, and inconsistent service quality. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method on several urban laundry SMEs, which are analyzed using the Swot theoretical framework and Porter's Five Forces model. The results of the study show that laundry SMEs have strengths in competitive prices, proximity to customers, and strategic locations. However, the main weakness found is the lack of utilization of technology and innovation in services, which hinders business competitiveness. Existing opportunities, such as increasing awareness of sustainability-based services and digitalization, provide space for business development. The threat of competition with laundry franchises and changes in customer preferences that are increasingly moving towards fast and efficient services, are serious challenges for SMEs. Based on the results of the analysis, the recommended development strategies include the use of digital technology for management and marketing, improving service quality, innovation in types of services, and product diversification to attract new customers.

In the digital era, marketing strategies through e-commerce have rapidly evolved. Shopee, as one of the leading platforms, utilizes marketing content and live streaming features as efforts to attract customers. This study aims to analyze the influence of marketing content and Shopee live streaming on customer purchasing decisions. The research employs a descriptive quantitative approach using a questionnaire as the instrument. The expected results indicate that engaging marketing content and interactive live streaming have a positive impact on consumer interest and purchasing decisions. These findings are expected to serve as a reference for businesses in optimizing their digital marketing strategies.

Speaking anxiety is a significant challenge faced by students in English presentations. Students who experience anxiety during presentations exhibit various symptoms and influenced by multiple factors. This study aims to analyze the symptoms and causal factors of speaking anxiety among a state university students, particularly those participating in the English Camp organized by the English Study Club. This research employs a qualitative descriptive approach to explore students' experiences related to speaking anxiety. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews, observations, and questionnaires during the English Camp. The questionnaire was adapted from the Foreign Language Classroom Anxiety Scale (FLCAS) to identify students with high levels of anxiety. Selected students were then interviewed and observed to identify the symptoms and factors contributing to their anxiety. The findings that speaking anxiety manifests in observable symptoms, categorized into physical symptoms (trembling, a pale face and rigid facial expression), verbal symptoms (voice shaking, frequently using filler words), and observable symptoms in the form of action. Meanwhile, non-observable symptoms include nervousness; heart palpitations; difficulty in thinking, forgetting material, and mind blank; experiencing a cold sensation. The primary causing factors of students’ speaking anxiety include lack of vocabulary, lack of preparation, lack of practice, fear of making mistakes and being laughed at, fear of being the focus of attention and memory disassociation.

This research examines the implementation of social welfare through social assistance funds in Indonesia during the Covid-19 pandemic within the framework of the welfare state theory. Using a normative juridical approach with a descriptive-normative character, the study analyzes the legal foundations, the theory of justice, and utilitarianism as conceptual bases. Two approaches Statute Approach and Conceptual Approach are employed to review key regulations (Law No. 13/2011, Law No. 11/2009, Government Regulation No. 39/2012, and other implementing regulations) as well as the concepts of distributive justice, utility, and the capability principle. Secondary data consists of primary, secondary, and tertiary legal materials collected through literature study and qualitatively analyzed. The findings reveal that programs such as Direct Cash Assistance (BLT), the Family Hope Program (PKH), and the Staple Food Card (Kartu Sembako) represent state interventions aimed at correcting inequality and ensuring citizens’ social rights. The application of the principles of social justice, utility, transparancy, accountability, participation, and sustainability has strengthened the legitimacy of social assistance as a redistributive instrument. However, the main challenges lie in the accuracy of the Integrated Social Welfare Data (DTKS), overlapping recipients, limited public participation, and long-term planning that remains reactive to crises. Evaluation of alignment with welfare state principles reveals that social assistance interventions have helped reduce short-term economic burdens but are not yet optimal in empowering recipients toward self-reliance. Based on these findings, it is recommended to regularly update the DTKS, enhance digitalization and data transparancy, expand participatory mechanisms, and integrate social assistance policies into long-term national development strategies. Thus, social assistance funds can serve not only as emergency aid but also as sustainable instruments to realize social justice and inclusive growth.