The aim of this research is to understand philosophically what is related to positive law in Indonesia, namely the idea of ??Pancasila as the highest source of law in Indonesia (on a philosophical level, as a source set, law must not conflict with the idea of ??Pancasila). The research method used in this research is normative research with a philosophical approach using secondary data as the main data. In this research, researchers used various literature consisting of various books, academic journals, and other academic works as secondary data sources. The data collection techniques and tools used in this research use the document method. Document research as a data collection tool can stand alone. This means that research can only use document research as the only data collection tool. The data analysis technique used in this research is inductive data analysis, namely drawing conclusions from actual facts in the field based on secondary data obtained. From the research results, it was found that the Pancasila ideology is the source of everything that exists in Indonesia, including the emergence of laws and regulations in Indonesia. The 1945 Constitution is the foundation of the state which contains fundamental norms including universal values. The 1945 Constitution is a document that contains the approval of all citizens. National harmony is summarized in the Pancasila ideology because the entire Indonesian nation is represented by the founding fathers and mother of the Indonesian nation. So basically Pancasila is the best source at a philosophical level in forming existing laws and regulations in Indonesia.

This research aims to analyze the increase in HIV/AIDS cases in Medan City with a focus on influencing factors and implications for prevention and education. The research method used is library study, by collecting and analyzing data from literature, documents and related reports from various sources, including scientific journals, books and official reports from health and government organizations. The results of the analysis show that factors such as risky behavior, low levels of public awareness, lack of access to health services, and social stigma have a significant role in increasing HIV/AIDS cases. The implication of these findings is the need to increase efforts in prevention and education, with a focus on increasing awareness, reducing stigma, increasing accessibility of health services, and strengthening collaboration between various stakeholders in addressing this problem. This research makes an important contribution to understanding the dynamics of HIV/AIDS epidemiology in Medan City and provides a basis for developing more effective intervention strategies.
 
 

Advances in information and communication technology are growing rapidly in all directions so that a lot of information is produced from technology and is applied in various fields. In the field of information technology, Supply Chain Management is also needed, which is used to monitor inventory and marketing of goods at UD. Anugrah Jaya Tani. UD. Anugrah Jaya Tani is a kiosk that sells various herbicides. Supply chain management (SCM) is one part that can also be developed with the existence of internet resources. The internet can play a role in facilitating SCM activities. This is because SCM activities require communication between the parties involved in this matter. The purpose of using supply chain management, where the most basic is to be able to align customer demand with existing supply. The results of this study are to determine the amount of stock of goods to be marketed, create a system that can be accessed by anyone, and create an attractive consultation layout.

The fire suppression ability of this sprinkler installation compared to other fire extinguishing equipment has been proven to be more effective. Because the sprinkler system does not require an operator when operating, fires can be prevented earlier before causing greater losses. For this reason, the implementation of sprinkler systems in buildings is crucial. According to KEPMEN PU NO. 10/KPTS/2000, a building must have elements that can maintain structural stability to a certain level during a fire. This research was conducted directly in the field, and the necessary data was obtained independently through interviews with relevant parties. The author conducted research observations in the archive warehouse to obtain both primary and secondary data. Primary data included field documentation and calculations. Planning calculations were done directly by calculating the number of sprinklers, water requirements, and reservoirs to determine the precise needs. Based on the survey, it was found that the size of the archive warehouse is 48 x 48 m, totaling 2304 m2. The maximum distance between sprinklers used was 4.6 m. Therefore, the effective distance between sprinkler heads is 193 units. The result of the calculation for the water supply for the sprinkler system obtained 34,139.77 liters, with the total overall cost for the equipment and materials used being Rp. 63,121,925.74. Based on the data and calculation results regarding the planning and design of fire protection equipment in open active spaces adhering to the NFPA-13 Standard for the Year 2019, it is expected to provide comfort and safety against the threat of fire incidents.

This study aimed to find out whether Good Corporate Governance and Risk Management affected reputation with financial performance as an intervening variable in the case study of Bank Central Asia Syariah. In addition, this study also aimed to test whether financial performance variables mediatd the relationship between each variables. The sample used in this research was Bank Central Asia Syariah's quarterly and annual reports published for 2017-2022. The method used was a quantitative approach with data analysis using smartPLS, the data used was secondary data. The research results showed that Good Corporate Governance has significant effect on reputation.Good Corporate Governance has not is proven significant to financial performance. Risk management has proven to have a significant effect on reputation. Risk management has a significant effect with a negative influence on financial performance. Financial performance has proven to have a significant effect on reputation. The path test showed that financial performance is unable to mediated Good Corporate Governanceon and risk management on reputation.
 
Keywords: GCG, Risk Management, Reputation, Financial Performance

Data communication is a field of science that studies the process of sending data, as well as how data can be received from sending and receiving terminals. A computer network is a set of "interconnections" between 2 or more autonomous computers connected by cable or wireless transmission media. Cisco packet tracer is a network simulation application developed by Cisco as a simulator as a learning medium for Cisco devices. Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network simulation using Cisco Packet Tracer software is an effective method for understanding, designing, and analyzing P2P networks in a controlled environment. The method used is literature study and carrying out simulation practice on Cisco Packet Tracer software to simulate a network. This research method aims to outline the steps and procedures required to simulate a Peer-to-Peer (P2P) network using Cisco Packet Tracer software. This abstract presents a brief view of the simulation approach used to model and examine the performance of a P2P network using Cisco Packet Tracer contains implementation steps for peer to peer network simulation. Through simulation, in-depth performance analysis can be carried out on various aspects of P2P networks, such as throughput, latency and reliability. This allows researchers and practitioners to understand how P2P networks behave under various conditions. Thus, P2P network simulation with Packet Tracer provides a useful tool for researchers and practitioners to understand and optimize P2P network performance in various scenarios.

Tjiwi Kimia Tbk Paper Factory, the world's leading producer of pulp, paper and paper products, has an important role in the national economy. Financial ratio analysis highlights a company's financial health, focusing on liquidity, solvency, activity, and profitability. The aim of this research is to understand and assess the company's financial health and measure overall financial performance. From this research, it can be seen that ratio analysis shows liquidity fluctuations, a significant decrease in profitability, and a lack of efficient use of assets. Although the company's solvency remains maintained, the main challenge lies in operational efficiency and profit growth in proportion to the increase in assets. In conclusion, a more effective strategy is needed in debt management, increasing operational efficiency, and optimizing asset use to improve overall company performance

The aim of this research is to determine the influence of the Expository Learning Model on the Learning Motivation of Class X Students of SMK HKBP Sidikalang 2022/2023. The method used in this research is a quantitative inferential statistical research method. The population is all 119 class X students of HKBP Sidikalang Vocational School who are Christians. Sampling used random sampling techniques, namely class X with a total of 48 people. Data was collected using a positive closed questionnaire with 36 items. The results of data analysis show that there is a positive and significant influence of the Expository Learning Model on the PAK Learning Motivation of class ,n=48) = 0.284, thus it is known that there is a positive relationship between variable = 1.678, thus there is a significant relationship between variable X and variable Y. c) Test the effect of regression determination (r2) = 15.44%. 2) Influence test: Regression equation test, obtained regression equation ?=37.68+1.31X. Thus Ha is accepted and H0 is rejected. This research concludes that there is a positive and significant influence of the Expository Learning Model on the PAK Learning Motivation of Class In connection with the results of this research, the author provides input for schools to improve and maintain a good and structured Expository learning model so that it can increase student learning motivation.

Ring topology is a type of network topology that is used to connect a computer with other computers in a circular circuit, like a ring. Usually a ring topology only uses a LAN card to connect each computer. The function of a ring topology is to connect nodes or computers in a network so that they can share information and resources with each other. Meanwhile, TCP-IP itself is communication used by the internet community to exchange data from one computer to another computer on the internet, because this protocol is a collection of protocols (protocol suite).

The challenges of millennials cover various aspects such as economy, employment, property ownership and leadership. According to Glints, the first challenge millennials face is economic, caused by the impact of previous economic crises and capital losses. In the world of work, millennials are often associated with stigmatization in the workplace and cross-generational differences in working styles, which can be challenging. Property ownership is also a challenge due to the high consumption of millennials. Managers need to be able to adapt to change and not feel stressed as millennials are more likely to seek real work and get bored quickly in the workplace. Millennials also value their own experiences and strengths, so they need to focus on that. This research uses a qualitative approach. This article uses library inquiry techniques, or library investigation, to copy data and understand theories found in relevant literature. The data used for this purpose is undoubtedly a precedent study of related arguments, such as libraries, journals, and scientific articles. Christian Religious Education (CHE) plays a crucial role in holistic education. Through PAK, millennials are guided to cultivate Christian values such as love, peace, honesty and justice. It also plays a role in shaping a moral and virtuous character based on the example of Jesus Christ. In addition, PAK equips millennials with a strong moral and ethical foundation, helps them make responsible and moral decisions, and guides them to live their lives in accordance with Christian values. In today's digital era, Christian Religious Education (CHE) needs to adapt to the technology used in students' lives. This is important to ensure that learning is not boring and can engage students. In addition, Christian Religious Education should also shape students' self-image according to the values of biblical truth. In this way, students can develop a strong character based on Christian faith. PAK in its ministry should encourage every believer, from children to adults, so that they can use and optimize their intelligence/knowledge for the common good Christian Religious Education (CHE) in the modern era faces the challenge of educating the millennial generation which has unique characteristics. This generation is accustomed to technology and has high self-confidence. Therefore, PAK needs to adapt to the technology used in students' lives to ensure that learning is not boring and engaging. In addition, PAK should focus on building students' self-awareness according to the values of Biblical truth and Christian Religious education teaching. This is important to help students develop a strong character based on the Christian faith. In this way, PAK can have a positive impact on the millennial generation and help them become people of faith and morals in an increasingly modern world.