Language is an important skill that must be learned to be able to do daily activities and adapt to the environment. Visually impaired children are not exempt from this problem, considering that technology in this century is essential and everywhere due to its convenience to use and the usage of technology that simplifies activities. Activities that are being done include learning. It is important for individuals who will later interact and teach children who have visual impairments, to keep up with news about the effectiveness of learning, one of which is knowing the role of technology in language learning for visually impaired children. This article is made using the systematic literature review research method to find out the role of technology in language learning for visually impaired children, what technology can be used for language learning for visually impaired children, and its effectiveness in learning. The technology that has the ability to read PDF text, convert sounds in various languages, convert visual information into audio, and learn through audio greatly facilitates the learning of blind children, whether it is language learning or learning in general. Technology that facilitates blind learning has a good effect in general on the visually impaired children, such as the building of self-confidence for the visually impaired children due to the increased ability of the visually impaired children to learn to identify their environment, the ability to be independent, less dependence on others, and increased communication skills due to language learning that becomes more accessible.

Procurement of goods is a recurring activity in a company's business process. Meanwhile, the traditional goods procurement process is often felt to be less efficient and effective, so it requires a better solution. The traditional procurement process also often takes a long time, has high costs and lacks transparency. This can lead to inefficiencies and risks of abuse. This research aims to develop a more efficient and effective goods procurement application model using SDLC and waterfall methodology. This research uses observation methods to study the current procurement process and interviews to obtain input from stakeholders regarding application needs. The research results show that the goods procurement application model developed can help companies in the goods procurement process more efficiently and effectively. This application model can help companies save time and costs, as well as increase transparency and accountability in the procurement process.

At the national and regional levels, sustainable strategies are needed to address complex and ongoing issues, including poverty, unemployment, and regional minimum wages. There are two factors that are the focus of this study: Provincial Minimum Wage in Central Kalimantan Province: 1) The Impact of Education Level on Poverty and Unemployment; and 2) The Impact of Early Labor Force Participation Rate on Poverty and Unemployment through the Regional Minimum Wage. Time series data from 2014 to 2023 is used as secondary data in this study. The type of data used is quantitative data. The data was analyzed using path analysis, and SPPS 25 was the analysis tool used. Based on the findings, there is a significant indirect relationship between unemployment and poverty and education level. In addition, there is a significant indirect relationship between unemployment and poverty with the initial labor force participation rate, which is influenced by the regional minimum wage.

Prevalensi hipertensi pada masyarakat secara umum terus meningkat. Ada beberapa cara untuk mengelola hipertensi, seperti memanfaatkan sumber daya kesehatan dan termotivasi untuk melakukan pengobatan. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui hubungan motivasi dengan penggunaan layanan perawatan pasien hipertensi di Kedungkandang Kota Malang. Desain penelitian menggunakan pendekatan cross-sectional. Populasi penelitian berjumlah   121 orang,  dengan sampel sebanyak 93 orang penderita hipertensi. Pengambilan sampel dilakukan dengan menggunakan teknik konsekutif sampling. Variabel bebas adalah motivasi, sedangkan variabel terikat adalah pemanfaatan pelayanan kesehatan. Instrumen yang digunakan adalah lembar kuesioner pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan dan lembar kuesioner motivasi. Analisis data menggunakan uji korelasi gamma. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian dapat disimpulkan bahwa sebagian besar responden penderita darah tinggi di wilayah Kedungkandang Kota Malang memiliki tingkat motivasi sedang (64,5%); sebagian besar memanfaatkan layanan kesehatan sebesar 81,7%; dan terdapat hubungan yang kuat antara motivasi dengan pemanfaatan layanan penunjang hipertensi di Kelurahan Kedungkandang Kota Malang (pvalue =0,00 dengan r = 0,796). Saran untuk peneliti selanjutnya, melakukan penelitian mengenai faktor-faktor yang dapat mempengaruhi motivasi pada penderita hipertensi untuk memaksimalkan pemanfaatan layanan kesehatan.

The aim of this research is to determine the level of misconceptions of biology students regarding the human reproductive system material. This really needs to be researched because it can find out the extent to which biology students understand the material. To find out the misconceptions experienced by biology students, researchers used the Certainty of Response Index (CRI) method to measure the level of misconceptions biology students had regarding human reproduction material taught by lecturers. This research uses qualitative methods, with descriptive research type. The subjects of this research consisted of all biology students. The population in this study were 36 biology students. The data collection technique uses a questionnaire containing diagnostic questions at the Three Tier Test level with the Certainty of Response Index (CRI) method where in the questions there are three levels of categories, namely questions, reasons and beliefs. This questionnaire is distributed online via Google Form. The data obtained was processed using percentage techniques. The results of this research were analyzed by adjusting the levels of the categories of understanding the concept, not knowing the concept and misconceptions. The results obtained will later show biology students who experience misconceptions and biology students who already understand the concept. The results of this research show that 21.5% of biology students understand the concept, 31.4% do not understand the concept and 25% of biology students experience positive misconceptions, 22.2% negative misconceptions. It can be concluded that it turns out that biology students still experience many misconceptions regarding the human reproductive system material compared to biology students who understand the concept.)

<p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="Abstract">The fence acts as the first layer in maintaining the security of a building. One of the technologies used to control the opening and closing of the gate is the use of fingerprint sensors. The fingerprint sensor functions by recording and storing a person's fingerprint pattern through the sensor module, then using Arduino to make identification. If the detected fingerprint matches the stored data, the stepper motor will be activated to open the gate. The door will remain open until an object is detected on the track by the infrared proximity sensor, which will then cause the gate to close again. From the results of the tests that have been carried out, it can be concluded that the performance of the automatic turnstile controller prototype is in accordance with the predetermined design. The fingerprint sensor successfully detects five fingerprints that have been recorded, with verification that matches the database, causing the stepper motor to rotate to open the gate. In addition, the fingerprint sensor was also able to identify one fingerprint that was not registered in the database, so the stepper motor was not activated to open the gate. The infrared proximity sensor successfully detects the presence of objects on the track, and the program commands the stepper motor to close the gate. From the results of five tests, the average motor voltage was 5.0 V, the current was 0.0490 A, the rotation was 12.0 rpm, and the time required to open the gate was 5.18 seconds. As for closing the turnstile, the average motor voltage is 4.9 V, current is 0.0488 A, rotation is 11.7 rpm, and the time required is 5.22 seconds. This shows that the prototype has successfully achieved the expected performance.</p><p> </p><p class="IndexTerms">Keywords: Automatic Turnstile, Sensor, Fingerprint, Infrared Proximity, Arduino Uno.</p><p> </p><p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="Abstract">Pagar berperan sebagai lapisan pertama dalam menjaga keamanan suatu bangunan. Salah satu teknologi yang digunakan untuk mengontrol pembukaan dan penutupan pintu pagar adalah penggunaan sensor sidik jari. Sensor sidik jari berfungsi dengan cara merekam dan menyimpan pola sidik jari seseorang melalui modul sensor, kemudian menggunakan Arduino untuk melakukan identifikasi. Jika sidik jari yang dideteksi sesuai dengan data yang tersimpan, motor stepper akan diaktifkan untuk membuka pintu pagar. Pintu akan tetap terbuka sampai ada objek yang terdeteksi di lintasan oleh sensor proximity infrared, yang kemudian akan menyebabkan pintu pagar tertutup kembali. Dari hasil pengujian yang telah dilakukan, dapat disimpulkan bahwa kinerja prototipe pengendali pintu pagar otomatis sesuai dengan perancangan yang telah ditetapkan. Sensor sidik jari berhasil mendeteksi lima sidik jari yang telah direkam, dengan verifikasi yang sesuai dengan database, mengakibatkan motor stepper berputar untuk membuka pintu pagar. Selain itu, sensor sidik jari juga mampu mengidentifikasi satu sidik jari yang tidak terdaftar dalam database, sehingga motor stepper tidak diaktifkan untuk membuka pintu pagar. Sensor proximity infrared berhasil mendeteksi keberadaan objek di lintasan, dan programnya memerintahkan motor stepper untuk menutup pintu pagar. Dari hasil pengujian sebanyak lima kali, diperoleh rata-rata tegangan motor sebesar 5,0 V, arus sebesar 0,0490 A, putaran sebesar 12,0 rpm, dan waktu yang dibutuhkan untuk membuka pintu pagar adalah 5,18 detik. Sedangkan untuk menutup pintu pagar, rata-rata tegangan motor adalah 4,9 V, arus 0,0488 A, putaran 11,7 rpm, dan waktu yang dibutuhkan adalah 5,22 detik. Ini menunjukkan bahwa prototipe telah berhasil mencapai kinerja yang diharapkan dan dapat digunakan secara efektif dalam aplikasi sehari-hari.</p>

<p><em>Over an extended duration, small-scale farmers have been contending with the persistent issue of electricity scarcity, which adversely affects crop production, particularly during dry seasons. The dependence on generators, despite being expensive and environmentally harmful due to oil spillage and Carbon dioxide (CO2) emissions, remains a prevalent yet unsustainable solution. Wind energy emerges as a promising alternative with diverse benefits for farmers, addressing concerns related to irrigation, storage, and water management, ultimately leading to significant yield increases during dry periods. This study investigates the performance of a small-scale wind energy conversion system tailored for the irrigation needs of farmers in arid regions, focusing on Zaria Local Government, Kaduna State, Nigeria as a case study. Utilizing wind speed data from the Nigeria Meteorological Agency (NIMET), the system's electrical parameters, including voltage, current, frequency, and power, were analyzed to assess fluctuations resulting from wind speed variations. Results show significant variability in electrical parameters: wind speed ranged from 3.10 m/s to 9.83 m/s, resulting in fluctuations in generated voltage (98 volts to 250 volts), current (51 amps to 103 amps), frequency (39 Hz to 65 Hz), and power (5.1 kW to 20.6 kW). Converter systems were found effective in stabilizing output for grid integration: the AC/DC converter converted fluctuating AC signals into stable DC output (200 volts, 93 amps), while the subsequent DC/AC inverter produced non-fluctuating AC output (voltage: 200 volts, current: 92 amps, frequency: 50 Hz, power: 18.3 kW). These findings emphasize feasibility of implementing wind energy solutions in remote agricultural areas.</em></p>

<p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="Abstract">PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Singkil is working hard to carry out activities to reduce energy losses in the distribution network. There are two types of energy losses in the distribution network, namely technical losses and non-technical losses. This study of technical losses in Singkil rayon is discussed by approaching distribution asset data and load conditions using the Microsoft Excel program so that all data can be processed. Calculation of JTM losses, transformer losses, JTR losses, SR and APP losses. So the results obtained in Singkil Rayon with 4 feeders, namely in January 2023 were 10.4% with a composition of technical losses of 7.7% and non-technical losses of 2.7%, in February 2023 distribution losses were 8.6% with a technical loss composition of 7.8% and non-technical loss of 0.8%. Based on the calculation results, it makes it easier for PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Singkil in analyzing and evaluating efforts that can be made to reduce distribution losses so that they become more efficient.</p><p>                                                                                                 </p><p class="IndexTerms">Keywords: Distribution system, Electrical energy, Energy losses, Technical losses, Non-technical losses.</p><p> </p><p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="Abstract">PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Singkil sedang berupaya keras melaksanakan kegiatan-kegiatan dalam hal penekanan susut energi pada jaringan distribusi. Susut energi pada jaringan distribusi ada dua yaitu susut teknis dan susut non teknis. Kajian mengenai susut teknis pada rayon singkil ini dibahas dengan cara pendekatan data aset distribusi dan kondisi beban dengan menggunakan program Microsoft Excel sehingga semua data dapat diproses. Perhitungan susut JTM, sussut trafo, susut JTR, susut SR dan APP. Maka hasil yang didapatkan pada Rayon Singkil dengan 4 penyulang yaitu pada bulan Januari 2023 sebesar 10,4 % dengan komposisi susut teknis sebesar 7,7 % dan susut non teknis sebesar 2,7 %, pada bulan Februari 2023 susut distribusi sebesar 8,6 % dengan komposisi susut teknis sebesar 7,8 % dan susut non teknis sebesar 0,8 %. Berdasrkan hasil perhitungan memudahkan PT. PLN (Persero) Rayon Singkil dalam menganalisa dan mengevaluasi terhadap upaya yang dapat dilakukan untuk menurunkan susut distribusi sehingga menjadi lebih efisien.</p>

<p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRACT</strong></p><p class="Abstract">The development of electrical energy sources has been the primary focus in recent decades, driven by the increasing global demand for electricity. This phenomenon marks a global shift towards more sustainable and environmentally friendly energy sources. One key aspect of this development is related to various technologies in power generation, including synchronous generators. Synchronous generators play a crucial role in the electrical energy infrastructure due to their ability to produce power stably and efficiently, meeting the demand for reliable and high-quality electricity supply. In the context of the role of synchronous generators, it is important to understand how these generators react to variable capacitive loading. This capacitive loading can affect the overall efficiency and performance of the power generation system. In this situation, the influence of capacitive loading is particularly evident in the formation of reactive power. The reactive power generated can significantly affect the speed and frequency of synchronous generators. Furthermore, the effects of capacitive loading can also be felt in the voltage of the system. Voltage fluctuations may occur, often requiring compensation in the form of field current to maintain system stability. Therefore, a deep understanding of how synchronous generators respond to capacitive loading is crucial to ensuring optimal performance of the power generation system as a whole, as well as in formulating strategies to improve the efficiency and reliability of electrical energy in the future.             </p><p><em> </em></p><p><em>Keywords: </em><em>Capacitive, Excitation System, Resistive, Synchronous Generator.</em></p><p> </p><p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="Abstract">Perkembangan sumber energi listrik telah menjadi fokus utama dalam beberapa dekade terakhir seiring dengan meningkatnya kebutuhan akan energi listrik di seluruh dunia. Fenomena ini menandai pergeseran global menuju sumber energi yang lebih berkelanjutan dan ramah lingkungan. Salah satu aspek utama dari perkembangan ini adalah terkait dengan berbagai teknologi dalam pembangkit listrik, di antaranya adalah generator sinkron. Generator sinkron memiliki peran penting dalam infrastruktur energi listrik karena kemampuannya untuk menghasilkan daya secara stabil dan efisien, memenuhi tuntutan masyarakat akan pasokan listrik yang andal dan berkualitas. Dalam konteks peran generator sinkron, penting untuk memahami bagaimana generator tersebut bereaksi terhadap pembebanan kapasitif yang variatif. Pembebanan kapasitif ini dapat memengaruhi efisiensi dan kinerja keseluruhan dari sistem pembangkit listrik. Dalam situasi ini, pengaruh dari pembebanan kapasitif terutama terlihat dalam pembentukan daya reaktif. Daya reaktif yang dihasilkan dapat mempengaruhi putaran dan frekuensi generator sinkron secara signifikan. Selain itu, efek dari pembebanan kapasitif juga dapat dirasakan pada tegangan dalam sistem. Fluktuasi tegangan dapat terjadi, yang sering kali memerlukan kompensasi dalam bentuk arus medan agar stabilitas sistem tetap terjaga. Oleh karena itu, pemahaman yang mendalam tentang bagaimana generator sinkron dengan pembebanan kapasitif menjadi sangat penting dalam memastikan kinerja yang optimal dari sistem pembangkit listrik secara keseluruhan, serta dalam merumuskan strategi untuk meningkatkan efisiensi dan keandalan energi listrik di masa depan.</p>

<p class="Abstract">The quadcopter represents one of the emerging research areas in unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV) technology. One of its advantages lies in its simple mechanism and smaller propeller size compared to helicopters, while maintaining the same lifting capacity. The quadcopter employs inner and outer control schemes, where the inner control manages attitude roll, pitch, yaw, and altitude, thereby affecting the motion of the quadcopter. Meanwhile, the outer control governs the direction of the quadcopter's movement. This condition underscores the significance of inner control, ensuring the quadcopter's maneuverability. Consequently, there is a need to design an attitude, pitch, and roll control using the PID method. This experiment focuses on roll and pitch control under hover conditions. The PID control experiment yielded optimal results with parameters K_P = 60, K_I = 22, and K_D = 14, exhibiting rapid response, absence of oscillation, deviations smaller than 20^o in both roll and pitch controls, and the ability to return the attitude to the initial setpoint position when disturbances occur.</p><p>                                                                                                 </p><p class="IndexTerms"><strong>Keywords</strong>: Attitude, hovering, PID controller, quadcopter.</p><p> </p><p class="Abstract" align="center"><strong>ABSTRAK</strong></p><p class="Abstract">Quadcopter merupakan salah satu bidang riset yang baru dalam teknologi unmanned aerial vehicle (UAV). Salah satu keunggulan pada Quadcopter adalah mekanisme yang sederhana dan ukuran pada baling-baling yang lebih kecil dibandingkan dengan helicopter dengan daya angkat yang sama. Quadcopter memiliki skema kendali inner dan kendali outer, dimana kendali inner mengendalikan attitude roll, pitch, yaw, dan altitude yang berimplikasi pada gerak quadcopter. Sedangkan kendali outer mengendalikan arah gerak quadcopter. Kondisi ini menjadikan kendali inner sangat penting sehingga mampu menjaga quadcopter dapat bergerak. Untuk itu perlu dirancang suatu kendali attitude pitch dan roll dengan metode PID. Eksperimen ini focus pada kendali roll dan pitch di kondisi hover. Hasil eksperimen kendali PID pada roll dan pitch didapatkan hasil terbaik pada parameter K_P=60, K_I=22, dan K_D=14 yang memiliki respon cepat, tidak terjadi osilasi, lonjakan lebih kecil dari 20^o baik pada kendali roll maupun pitch, dan mampu mengembalikan attitude pada posisi setpoint awal apabila diberi gangguan.</p><div id="gtx-trans" style="position: absolute; left: -26px; top: 21px;"> </div>