The porpuse of this discussion is to find out and analyze the leadership of elementary school principals to improve school quality. The method used is a literature review. The data collection technique is by reviewing or exploring several books, journals, and other documents tat are considered relevant. This research discusses the description of leadership and the leadership stile style of school principals. The principals leadership is a determinant of the success of realizing educational goals in the school which have been outlined in the  school’s vision and mission. Leadership style is the way a leader behaves, communicates, and interacts with other people in influencing people to do something. Several leadership styles that can be implemented by school principals: namely managerial leadership, transformational leadership, transactional leadership, teaching leadership, and positive leadership. School principals must carry out their duties professionally in order to achive national education goals.

One of the benefits of the development of information systems is to increase effectiveness, efficiency and convenience in various aspects of technological life, especially in the scope of education, such as at SMK Negeri 1 Banyumas which implements a library visit system. But there are also challenges in its implementation, such as theft of personal data and misuse of data by irresponsible people. By conducting an information system audit, we can better understand the weaknesses of the system, for example, using COBIT 5 to view and evaluate the information system. as in the questionnaire that we distributed shows that there are 79% of students feel safe about the library visit system and 4.8% of students feel that the library visit system is not secure enough for almost the same reasons such as the authentication system that only relies on a username in the form of NIS and no password. From this data we can provide recommendations such as implementing a password system and 2-factor authentication in order to better protect personal data, files, systems, networks, and so on so that the system becomes better and more secure.

Soft food served in hospitals is a simple indicator that can be used to evaluate the success of hospital nutrition services. The aim of this study was to determine the perception of oral surgery patients regarding soft food waste at Surya Husadha Hospital Denpasar. This research uses a quantitative descriptive survey method. The total population was 30 people, the number of research samples was 20 people... data collection was carried out by measuring perceptions of taste and food waste using a questionnaire for the 20 samples studied. Data was obtained from filling out a questionnaire about perceptions of soft food and a form for the amount of food waste. The data was analyzed using SPSS version 21 statistical analysis. The results of this study showed that there were porridge food waste in 40-49% (45%) of the sample, 50-59% (40%) of the sample, 60-69% (15%) of the sample. Leftover animal side dishes (0%). Vegetable side dishes (10%). Leftover vegetables (10%) And for juice (0%). It can be concluded that the perception of soft food at Surya Husadha Hospital from this research shows that as many as 40-49% (45%) are not satisfied with the rest of the soft food (porridge).
 

The aim of this research is to analyze the feasibility of investing in North Surabaya Hospital, Bulak District, Surabaya City with the parameters Net Present Value, Internal Rate of Return, Benefit Cost Ratio (BCR) and Payback Period. This research focuses on the North Surabaya Hospital which was built by the Surabaya City Government Health Service with a budget for 2026. The research instruments used were interview guidelines and observation sheets, with data collection procedures via location with related parties in the construction of the hospital, site observation, as well as documentation that includes primary and secondary data. Based on investment analysis of North Surabaya Hospital and evaluation of sensitivity to operational costs and potential income, the conclusion obtained is: Alternative 1 is feasible because it produces an NPV value of Rp. 211,014,227,005, IRR of 9.85%, BCR of 1.23 and PP of 7.69 years, but will be sensitive to the point that it is not feasible if there is an increase in hospital operational costs above 2.05% or a decrease in hospital service levy rates above 1.39% . Alternative 2 is not feasible because it produces an NPV value of Rp. 28,416,192,984, IRR of 6.57%, BCR of 1.14 and PP of 8.34 years, but it will be sensitive and feasible if there is a decrease in hospital operational costs above 7.73% or an increase in hospital service levy rates above 5.59%. Alternative 3 is not feasible because it produces an NPV value of Rp. 66,444,241,124, IRR of 7.30%, BCR of 1.16 and PP of 8.20 years, but it will be sensitive and feasible if there is a decrease in hospital operational costs above 5.7% or an increase in hospital service levy rates above 4.08%. Alternative 4 is feasible because it produces an NPV value of Rp. 166,294,504,181, IRR of 9.26%, BCR of 1.20 and PP of 7.70 years, but it will be sensitive to the point of being unfeasible if there is an increase in hospital operational costs above 0.15% or a decrease in hospital service levy rates above 0.10%.

Bicycles are affordable and healthy, cause zero harm to the environment, require little space on roads and parks, and are not noisy transportation means. However, cyclists face challenges on roads, which may lead to injuries and deaths. For instance, cyclists visibility, speed management, ability to communicate with other road users, backward accidents, and ability to be located in urgent cases. This paper presents performance, tracking, and safety systems from hardware and software point of view. As a result, cyclists monitor their speed to manage; their locations are tracked, and their cycling paths are traced. Also, a rear red light and turn signal LEDs are activated without any physical action from the rider to communicate with other drivers. Moreover, a microwave radar sensor with a range of seven meters is employed to protect the cyclist from backward-approaching vehicles. Finally, three Arduino UNO boards with GPS, GSM modules, MPU-6050, and RCWL-0516 sensors are mounted on a conventional bicycle to provide safer trips.

This article discusses the application of deductive and inductive methods in management, which are relevant in facing modern business challenges. Deductive methods, which move from general principles to specific cases, are used to confirm decisions based on established theories, whereas inductive methods, which move from specific observations to generalizations, allow the formation of new theories based on empirical data. These two methods have complementary advantages and disadvantages; deductive excels in efficiency and systematic logic, but is limited to initial premises, while inductive offers flexibility in understanding complex situations, although it risks producing less valid generalizations. The integration of deductive and inductive methods can provide a holistic approach, helping organizations make decisions that are evidence-based, adaptive, and relevant to specific contexts

This study aims to analyze the role of the head of the Madrasah's academic supervision in improving the performance of teachers at MTs Darurrahman Rimbo Bujang, Tebo Regency. The research method used is qualitative with a descriptive approach, where data is collected through in-depth interviews, observations, and document analysis. Interviews are conducted with the head of the Madrasah, teachers, and other educational staff to gain a comprehensive understanding of the academic planning and supervision processes implemented. Direct observations of teaching and learning activities, along with document analysis of the work plans, are carried out to delve into the implementation of planned programs. The findings indicate that the head of the Madrasah's academic planning is crucial for enhancing teacher performance. The head of the Madrasah develops a structured plan involving all relevant stakeholders, setting clear goals, and planning periodic training programs. The implementation of academic supervision is conducted through a collaborative approach, where the head of the Madrasah and the supervision team provide constructive feedback to teachers following direct classroom observations. The follow-up of the supervision is also a critical aspect, with a report on supervision results being prepared and regular meetings held to evaluate teachers' progress. With this follow-up, it is expected that teachers receive the necessary support for ongoing development, creating a culture of reflection and continuous improvement in the learning process.

This research discusses the design of correspondence filing applications at the Subdivision of the Gerindra Faction of the North Sumatra Provincial DPRD. The letter filing system that is still done manually causes various obstacles such as difficulty in finding documents, the risk of damage and loss of physical documents, and inefficiency in archive management. The purpose of this research is to design a computer-based application to optimize the process of filing incoming letters and outgoing letters. The system development method used is waterfall with the stages of needs analysis, system design, implementation, and testing. The application is designed using PHP programming language and MySQL database to store mail data. The results showed that the designed application can facilitate the process of archiving, searching, and managing correspondence digitally and increase work efficiency in the Gerindra Faction Subdivision of the North Sumatra Provincial DPRD. This system is also equipped with a security feature in the form of a user login to maintain document confidentiality.

This study aims to analyze the implementation of entrepreneurship education management in achieving independent students at MAN 2 Langkat. The research uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach, employing data collection techniques of observation, interviews, and documentation. The findings show that the planning of entrepreneurship education at MAN 2 Langkat is designed with the aim of equipping students with practical skills and independence. This entrepreneurship program includes various practical activities such as Market Day and bazaar exhibitions, providing students with the opportunity to plan and manage their own businesses. The implementation of the program has proven effective in developing students' entrepreneurship skills, such as business planning, capital management, and product marketing. Evaluation of the entrepreneurship program shows positive impacts, with assessments focused not only on the final results but also on the processes students undergo, including initiative, responsibility, and teamwork. However, several aspects still require improvement, such as financial management and enhancing cooperation among students. Overall, this entrepreneurship program has successfully created independent students, ready to face the challenges of the business world.

This study aims to analyze the role of forensic audit, investigative audit, auditor competence, spiritual intelligence, and information technology in detecting fraud. Using a qualitative method with a literature review, the results showed that forensic auditing is effective in detecting and proving fraud through investigative techniques, while investigative auditing focuses on identifying modus operandi and collecting evidence. Auditor competence, which includes technical expertise, accounting, and legal understanding, is critical to uncovering fraud. Spiritual intelligence helps auditors maintain integrity, while information technology supports fraud detection through data management systems and audit software. Synergy between all these factors is necessary to improve fraud detection and prevent further losses to the company. This research is expected to contribute to the development of more effective audit methods to reduce the risk of fraud.