The appointment of Constitutional Court Judges between one country and another certainly has similarities and differences. This is greatly influenced by the history, state system and political situation of a country. Therefore, a problem is formulated regarding the characteristics of the mechanism for appointing constitutional court judges between Indonesia and Thailand. This study aims to determine and analyze the differences in filling constitutional court judge positions between Indonesia and Thailand. The study uses a normative legal method using primary, secondary, and tertiary data because by using this method, this study can produce descriptive data obtained from written words related to the object of the writing. This study also uses a comparative method between Indonesia and Thailand. The results of this study indicate that there are significant differences regarding the mechanism for appointing constitutional judges. Indonesia was proposed by three state institutions with their respective procedures, then Thailand was proposed by the Judicial institution and a special committee was formed to select constitutional judges.
 
 

Climate change poses a significant global challenge that impacts coastal ecosystems in various parts of the world, including Pangandaran Beach, Indonesia. This study aims to identify the effects of climate change, such as rising sea temperatures, increasing sea levels, and changing rainfall patterns, on biodiversity and the sustainability of coastal ecosystems in the region. The methods employed include climate data analysis, field observations, and interviews with local communities and stakeholders. Findings indicate that the coral reef ecosystems at Pangandaran Beach are experiencing declining health due to coral bleaching, while fish populations are decreasing as habitats diminish. Additionally, the increasing frequency and intensity of storms exacerbate coastal erosion and threaten the livelihoods of fishing communities. These findings underscore the urgent need for sustainable mitigation and adaptation strategies to protect coastal ecosystems and enhance the resilience of local communities against the impacts of climate change.

Research aims to test the auditor internal's expertise in early warning at Bank Syariah Indonesia KC Makassar 2. The independent variable used is the auditor internal's expertise while the dependent variable used is the fraud early warning system. The data in this research was obtained from Bank Syariah Indonesia KC Makassar 2 who were willing to be respondents. The results of this research indicate that the auditor internal's skill variable has a positive and significant effect on the fraud early warning system variable.

This study aims to analyze financial ratios to assess financial performance in LQ45 retail companies index for the 2019-2023 period. The type of research is a case study. The data collection method is a literature study and documentation data collection techniques are secondary data in financial reports. The population used was 32 retail companies listed on the IDX for the 2019-2023 period. After using the purposive sampling method, 3 companies were selected. The results of the financial ratio analysis of PT Ace Hardware Tbk have good financial performance values. This is seen from the DAR, DER, LTDR, FATR, NPM, ROA, BV, and M/B Ratio ratios which are at the appropriate industry standards. PT Erajaya Swasembada Tbk has good financial performance as seen from the LTDR, ITR, FATR, DPR, and BV ratio values ??which are at the appropriate industry standards. PT Sumber Alfaria Trijaya Tbk also has good financial performance. This is seen from the LTDR, ITR, FATR, ROA, DPR, BV, M/B Ratio ratio values ??which are at the appropriate industry standards.

Islamic insurance, known as Sharia Insurance, has emerged as a vital aspect of Indonesia's financial landscape. Sharia Insurance adheres to Islamic economic principles, offering products such as takaful (mutual guarantee) and mudharabah (profit-sharing). The potential for growth in Indonesia's Sharia insurance sector is substantial, bolstered by the country's predominantly Muslim population, which constituted 87.2% of the total population in 2021. Moreover, under Financial Services Authority Regulation (FSAR) Number 11 of 2023, Article 15, Sharia financial institutions are mandated to prioritize Sharia-compliant financial products. Despite these regulatory supports, however, Sharia insurance has achieved only a modest market share, with premiums accounting for just 4.76% as of December 31, 2022. In response to these challenges and opportunities, this study aims to examine the barriers, particularly the issue of public awareness, where many individuals lack a comprehensive understanding and appreciation of the advantages offered by Sharia insurance products. Consequently, this paper addresses two main objectives: 1) identifying factors contributing to public misconceptions and limited awareness of Sharia insurance benefits, and 2) exploring initiatives aimed at addressing these issues. This research employs a qualitative approach, employing systematic literature review techniques to analyze relevant books and literature focused on the identified themes. The findings aim to offer insights into the challenges faced by Sharia insurance and propose strategies to enhance public awareness and understanding of Islamic insurance products.

The study aims to analyze the cash sales accounting information system as an internal control tool at PT Kim Putra Malang. This type of research is a case study using primary and secondary data. Data collection methods consist of field studies and literature studies using observation, interview, and documentation data collection techniques. The data analysis technique used is qualitative descriptive analysis. The problem faced by the company is the weakness of the cash sales accounting information system. This is proven by the occurrence of duplication in the administration and accounting sections as well as incomplete accounting documents and records in the company. The cause of this incident is the lack of human resources and the lack of understanding of the cash sales accounting information systems importance. As a result, errors occur when recording cash sales accounting and the company could experience losses. The results of the qualitative descriptive analysis are as follows. The company is advised to separate functions in the administration and accounting sections, improve the organizational structure, add warehouse cards, compile sales reports, and improve the cash sales system and procedures. The purpose of the suggestion above is internal control can be effectively executed.

Sustainable development programs in community life can enhance the welfare of the people in Malang City, especially in Rukun Warga 10, Tanjungrejo Village. Applying the community-based economic empowerment model sustainably can yield a significant positive impact. This research aims to illustrate how to manage used cooking oil waste as a community-based initiative that benefits both the economy and the environment. The focus of this research is the Kios Berkat Jelantah (Betah) Gempol Marga Bakti (Gemati) program, with an emphasis on descriptive data analysis. The results show that active collaboration between various parties, such as local communities, village officials, and educational institutions, encourages community participation in collecting and processing the used cooking oil into value-added products like soap and candles. This program has a positive impact on environmental preservation and provides new economic opportunities for local residents.

Mobility is one of the major challenges for visually impaired individuals in their daily activities. Visual impairments make it difficult for them to detect obstacles around them, increasing the risk of injury. This study aims to design and develop a smart stick based on ESP32, equipped with an ultrasonic sensor, to assist the mobility of visually impaired people. The system uses ultrasonic sensors to detect the distance of objects and provides early warnings to users through a buzzer, with varying rhythms depending on the proximity of objects. The research methodology includes system design and development of hardware and software, as well as direct testing on visually impaired users. The test results show that the system can detect obstacles with 95% accuracy at distances up to 200 cm, and provide appropriate responses based on the distance of detected objects. In addition, this prototype is energy-efficient, allowing for prolonged use without frequent recharging. This study provides a practical solution to enhance the independence and safety of visually impaired individuals in daily activities, with the potential for further development to improve detection accuracy and user comfort.

The writing of this paper aims to find out more closely how the mechanism for issuing PEB (Notification of Export of Goods) with CEISA 4.0 Customs Excise at PT. Kemasindo Cepat Medan. BC 3.0 or PEB (Goods Export Notification) is a customs document used for the implementation of the export of goods by the exporter or his proxy PPJK (Customs Service Management Entrepreneur) to Customs made with CEISA 4.0 issued by Customs. The mechanism for issuing PEB using CEISA 4.0 Customs is the focus of this research. This study aims to find out the documents prepared, obstacles that occur during the work of B.C 3.0 using CEISA 4.0, procedures and obstacles that occur when completing PEB using CEISA 4.0. In the BC solution. 3.0 itself has several related parties, namely the exporter who informs his proxy, namely PPJK, that there will be goods that want to be exported. And after the goods are finished stuffed or loaded into containers, the exporter submits the documents as a condition for the issuance of PEB and the Customs checks the documents and approves the issuance of BC.3.0 or PEB through the CEISA 4.0 system. The data used in this study are primary data obtained through direct interviews with the company and secondary data obtained from books in the library and other reading sources related to the subject matter taken.

Food waste is a global issue that continues to be discussed. This is because the problem of food waste can have an impact on the environment, health and climate. Through the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) initiative, creating a sustainable community through food waste management is made a top priority. This article discusses the implementation of the Zero Food Waste program at SDN Ekologi Kahuripan Padjajaran using the Black Soldier Fly (BSF) maggot bioconversion approach. This community service was carried out by P3K UPI Purwakarta students who collaborated with TPS 3R Ciseureuh Purwakarta to manage food waste. This service activity is carried out through several stages which include preparation, implementation and evaluation, involving students and their parents in managing organic waste. The results of bioconversion are maggots and organic fertilizer which will be used into products with economic value. This program has succeeded in increasing environmental awareness, reducing food waste, and can create sustainable solutions in managing organic waste. It is hoped that this article can make recommendations for implementing similar methods in other areas as an environmentally friendly waste management model.