Multicultural education is an important approach in a diverse society like Indonesia, with the aim of developing human potential as a whole while respecting diversity. This education emphasizes the recognition and appreciation of cultural, ethnic, religious, and linguistic differences, and also develops an attitude of tolerance and empathy for individuals from diverse backgrounds. This study aims to determine the implementation of multicultural education in the Pancasila Education subject at SMP NEGERI 7 Medan. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques are carried out through observation, interviews, and documentation. The subjects of this study consisted of Pancasila education teachers and students at SMP NEGERI 7 Medan. The location of the study was chosen at SMP NEGERI 7 Medan because this school has implemented multicultural education that combines diversity in school life. SMP Negeri 7 Medan illustrates the abundant diversity of students, especially in the field of religion, with students from various beliefs studying together, as well as various social and cultural backgrounds. The school holds a weekly structured literacy program, which is linked to the Pancasila Student Profile Strengthening Project (P5) to develop literacy skills and reinforce Pancasila values. Religious activities are held every Friday to strengthen students' religious and ethical values, while "Thursday Expression" acts as a place to celebrate Indonesia's cultural diversity. Healthy exercise for Indonesian children also reflects the Pancasila student profile and culturally diverse education. The realization of the Pancasila project has brought significant positive impacts, such as increasing tolerance, strengthening students' character, developing social skills, and creating an inclusive learning environment.

Tuberculosis (TB) remains one of the main challenges in the health sector in Indonesia, with a fairly high number of cases each year. This study aims to analyze the distribution of TB cases based on occupation and identify community groups that are at higher risk of spreading this disease. The data used in this study were obtained from estimates of the 2022 TB epidemiology report. The results of the analysis show that informal workers, such as laborers and traders, are the group with the highest number of TB cases, at 36.0%. This is followed by formal workers (21.6%), farmers/fishermen (17.3%), housewives (14.4%), students (6.5%), and unemployed or retired groups (4.2%). The high prevalence of TB in informal workers is caused by several factors, including an unhygienic work environment, limited access to health services, and unhealthy lifestyles. Based on these findings, a more effective strategy is needed in efforts to prevent and control TB, especially for groups with high levels of vulnerability. Health education, increasing access to health services, improving work environment sanitation, and early detection programs are important steps in reducing the spread of TB. With the right intervention, it is hoped that the number of TB cases in Indonesia can be reduced significantly.

Land acquisition is an activity to provide land by providing adequate and fair compensation to the entitled party, either in the form of money, replacement land, resettlement, share ownership, or other forms agreed by both parties. The issue of compensation is one of the disputes that must be resolved in court and takes quite a long time. This study aims to determine how the judge's considerations are in decision Number 46 / Pdt.G / 2021 / Pn Rno and to find out the legal consequences for both parties in decision Number 46 / Pdt.G / 2021 / Pn Rno. This research is a normative legal research. Normative legal research, or legal research, is generally based on document studies by relying on legal sources such as laws and regulations, court decisions, legal theories, and expert opinions. The object of research in this writing focuses on a case study of a court decision with case number 46 / Pdt.G / 2021 / Pn Rno. The results of the study indicate that the unlawful act case filed at the Rote Ndao District Court has been implemented. The case has been decided fairly by the judge without harming either party/ so that the defendant, as the losing party, is obliged to pay compensation to the plaintiff and in return the plaintiff surrenders his land to be used as a regional government asset in the context of public services for the Rote Ndao community. Based on this, both parties should coordinate and involve related parties to find a bright spot. The government is also expected to be able to socialize the compensation case to the community. This is useful to prevent legal problems from arising in the future.

This study aims to improve the singing skills of sixth grade students at State Elementary School 173632 through the national song "Indonesia Raya". application of vocal techniques. This study uses a quantitative descriptive approach with a classroom action research (CAR) method approach which is carried out in several cycles, including the stages of planning, implementation of actions, observation, and reflection. The results of the study indicate that the systematic application of vocal techniques can improve the quality of students' singing. Diaphragm breathing exercises help students control their voices more stably, articulation techniques make song lyrics clearer, intonation exercises improve pitch accuracy, and expression techniques help students convey emotions in songs better. Data analysis shows an increase in the average singing skills of students from the category of sufficient to good after being given action. In addition, the results of observations show that the majority of students feel more confident and enjoy learning to sing with a vocal technique approach. Thus, this study can help improve students' vocal skills as well as knowledge for students and teachers as well as for readers.

One of the socioeconomic problems faced by every region is poverty. Poverty is a social issue that takes place in the long term, so that until now it is still difficult to overcome. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Population, Open Unemployment Rate (TPT), and Human Development Index on Poverty Level in North Sumatra Province. This study uses secondary data analysis in the form of time series data which is quantitative in nature, namely data in the form of numbers. The secondary data used in this study are poverty data, population data, open unemployment rate data and human development index data from 2001 to 2021. These data were obtained from the North Sumatra in Figures (SUDA) document from 2001 to 2021. The results of this study prove that population has a significant effect on the poverty rate of North Sumatra Province, the open unemployment rate variable has no significant effect on the poverty rate of North Sumatra Province, the human development index variable has no significant effect on the poverty rate of North Sumatra Province. Simultaneously, population, open unemployment rate (TPT), and human development index have a significant effect on the poverty rate in North Sumatra province.

This study aims to analyze the language development of early childhood through measuring Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) and identifying word classes, word types, and sentence patterns produced by children. The background of this research focuses on the importance of language as a communication tool and foundation in children's cognitive and social development. The method used was descriptive qualitative involving two subjects, Cheira Arumi Nasution and Abram Berger, aged 3 years and 2 months and 2 years and 7 months respectively. Data were collected through indirect observation techniques by recording children's speech and analyzing 100 utterances from each subject. The findings show that Cheira Arumi has an MLU of 3.48, which places her at stage IV, while Abram Berger has an MLU of 1.76, which indicates that he is at stage II. Both subjects showed that their word length was still not in line with their age standard according to MLU. This study emphasizes the importance of parents' role in providing more intensive language stimulation and reducing the use of gadgets to support children's language development.

Indonesian and German have significant differences in structure and usage. These differences can be seen in morphology, syntax, and grammar, including word order, the use of nouns, verbs, and conjugation and declination systems. Indonesian, as an agglutinative language, has a simpler structure with no changes in word form based on time or case, while German applies a complex system of declination and conjugation. In addition, differences in language use, especially in formal and informal sentence patterns, reflect the characteristics of each culture. This study aims to comprehensively analyze the structural and functional differences between Indonesian and German and examine their impact on learning both languages. The results of this study are expected to provide insights for foreign language learners, academics, and language practitioners in understanding the dynamics of the two languages.

The use of technology-based learning media in Natural and Social Sciences (IPAS) learning in elementary schools has great potential to enhance effectiveness and student engagement. However, the implementation of technology in learning still faces various challenges. This study employs a qualitative method with a literature review approach to analyze the challenges and solutions in integrating technology-based learning media in elementary schools. The findings indicate that many schools have not yet optimally utilized technology in IPAS learning. The primary barriers include low digital literacy among teachers, limited infrastructure, lack of policies promoting technology use, and low awareness and interest in technology adoption among teachers and students. This study recommends continuous training for teachers, strengthening educational policies related to technology integration, and improving access to digital infrastructure in elementary schools. With adequate support from various stakeholders, technology integration in IPAS learning can be more effective and widespread, thereby improving the overall quality of education.

One of the conditions for achieving learning objectives is the achievement of satisfactory grades from students. Educators must be able to use learning models so that students are active not passive. The learning model is a learning process from start to finish. The model that educators can apply is the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model. The PBL model is one of the learning models where students are given real problems and students must be able to find solutions by finding a way out. The implementation of the learning model must be accompanied by media. The learning media that can be used is Canva. Canva is an audio-visual based learning media. Canva utilization can be applied to higher grade Pancasila Education. The application of the PBL model with Canva media in Pancasila Education for classes IV, V and VI found learning problems that still apply teacher centered methods and lack of media which makes learning outcomes low. The research method used is a qualitative method with literature study data collection. The results showed that the use of the PBL model with Canva-based learning media for Pancasila Education in high grades can make student learning outcomes change and improve. Changes and improvements can occur because in the PBL model learning is not teacher centered but student centered which makes students have to think critically, creatively and actively in solving a given problem.