Object detection for sensing images is one of the promising research directions in computer vision. Applications for object detection from remote sensing images play an important role in analyzing aerial or satellite imagery. Benefits include applications in monitoring buildings and infrastructure, transportation, supporting search and rescue or responding to natural disasters, and environmental research. However, detecting objects in remote sensing images is difficult due to the diversity of shapes and sizes, viewing angles of objects, and complex background environments. In this paper, the authors present a Deep Learning (DL)-based object detection process from remotely sensed images, the main goal of which is to improve the ability to detect small objects in high-resolution aerial images. Implement and evaluate the super-slicing inference technique in the YOLOv11 model to improve the ability to detect very small and extremely small objects. Many simulation results are tested experimentally in the problem of detecting and tracking vehicles in Vietnam (Thai Nguyen). The results show that the system can accurately detect small objects such as pedestrians, motorbikes, and cars at a distance, with confidence ranging from 0.31 to 0.90. Some detection situations are successful even when the object is located at the edge of the slice. Finally, the authors discuss potential future research directions and unaddressed formulations.

Fruits and vegetables are essential for global nutrition and economic growth, yet they are among the most perishable food commodities, contributing to major postharvest losses worldwide. Freeze drying is widely recognized as a superior preservation method that maintains the structural integrity, nutritional value, and sensory quality of fresh produce. Despite its advantages, freeze drying is energy-intensive, posing challenges for cost-effectiveness and sustainability in large-scale applications. This review explores the freeze drying process in detail, highlighting the critical operational parameters such as freezing rate, chamber pressure, shelf temperature, and sample thickness, that influence both product quality and energy consumption. Additionally, the role of cryoprotectants in preserving bioactive compounds during drying is discussed. By identifying optimization strategies for these parameters, this study aims to support the development of more energy-efficient and economically viable freeze drying systems for the fruit and vegetable processing industry.

Salah satu permasalahan dalam pembelajaran Ilmu Pengetahuan Sosial (IPS) pada siswa kelas VII.B SMP Negeri 16 Semarang adalah lemahnya kemampuan siswa dalam menerapkan pengetahuan untuk menyelesaikan masalah dalam kehidupan nyata terutama dalam memahami permintaan dan penawaran. Untuk mengatasi masalah tersebut, dilakukan penelitian tindakan kelas (PTK) menggunakan model Problem Based Learning. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah untuk meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII B SMP Negeri 16 Semarang Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024 menggunakan model pendekatan Problem Based Learning. Subjek penelitian adalah peserta didik kelas 7B sebanyak 34 Siswa-siswi yang terdiri laki-laki 15 Siswa dan perempuan 19 Siswi. Sumber data penelitian diperoleh dari data kualitatif berupa data hasil observasi aktivitas guru dan siswa serta data kuantitatif berupa data tes hasil belajar siswa. Hasil penelitian siklus I diperoleh siswa yang tuntas secara individu sebanyak 34 siswa-siswi dengan rata-rata perolehan nilai 78,00. Sedangkan hasil penelitian siklus II mengalami peningkatan rata-rata nilai menjadi 90,00 atau meningkat sebesar 15%. Berdasarkan hasil penelitian tersebut, pembelajaran menggunakan model pembelajaran Problem Based Learning dapat meningkatkan hasil belajar siswa kelas VII.B SMP Negeri 16 Semarang Tahun Pelajaran 2023/2024.
 
One of the problems in learning Social Sciences (IPS) for class VII.B students of SMP Negeri 16 Semarang is the weak ability of students to apply knowledge to solve problems in real life, especially in understanding demand and supply. To overcome this problem, classroom action research (PTK) was conducted using the Problem Based Learning model. The purpose of this study was to improve the learning outcomes of class VII B students of SMP Negeri 16 Semarang in the 2023/2024 Academic Year. The subjects of the study were 34 class 7B students. The source of research data was obtained from qualitative data in the form of data from observations of teacher and student activities and quantitative data in the form of student learning outcome test data. The results of the cycle I study obtained that 34 students completed individually with an average score of 78.00. While the results of the cycle II study experienced an increase in the average score to 90.00 or an increase of 15%. Based on the results of these studies, learning using the Problem Based Learning learning model can improve the learning outcomes of class VII.B students of SMP Negeri 16 Semarang in the 2023/2024 Academic Year.

The global expansion of ultra-processed meat products (e.g., sausages, nuggets) faces dual challenges: microbiological safety risks from conventional thermal processing and rising consumer demand for clean-label, nutritious options. High-Pressure Processing (HPP) emerges as a promising non-thermal technology to address these concerns by inactivating pathogens while preserving sensory and nutritional quality. However, its industrial adoption is hindered by significant energy efficiency and scalability constraints. This systematic literature review synthesizes recent research to critically analyze these barriers. Methodologically, we conducted a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) using databases such as Scopus, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, and PubMed, focusing on studies related to High-Pressure Processing (HPP) applications in ultra-processed meats. Our analysis reveals that HPP consumes 2.5–3.2 kWh/kg up to 26× more energy than thermal pasteurization primarily due to hydraulic system demands and adiabatic heat dissipation during batch cycling. Scalability limitations stem from batch-based processing (3–7 min/cycle), vessel size constraints (<500 L), and capital costs reaching $2.5 million per unit, resulting in only 18% adoption by large-scale manufacturers. Energy recovery inefficiencies and product matrix variations (e.g., lipid-protective effects in emulsified meats) further exacerbate these challenges. Emerging solutions include semi-continuous systems (35% throughput increase), pulsed HPP protocols (18% energy reduction), and solar-hybrid installations (40% emission cuts), though economic viability remains problematic. We conclude that while HPP offers unparalleled safety and quality benefits, its scalability and energy intensity require coordinated innovations in process engineering, renewable energy integration, and cooperative industry models to achieve sustainable implementation.

The utilization of rice straw as a renewable energy resource has received growing attention in the context of regional energy security and carbon emission reduction, particularly in Central Java, Indonesia. This review explores the potential of rice straw as a feedstock for bioethanol production, emphasizing its primary lignocellulosic components—?-cellulose, hemicellulose, and lignin—and key conversion stages, including pretreatment, hydrolysis, fermentation, and purification. In addition, the performance of various technologies for converting bioethanol into electricity is critically examined. Among these, Direct Ethanol Fuel Cells (DEFCs) are identified as the most efficient, offering conversion efficiencies of 40–60% and notable environmental advantages over conventional ethanol-fueled combustion generators. The findings suggest that the integration of high-efficiency conversion technologies with the region’s abundant rice straw resources could represent a strategic pathway toward a more sustainable and low-emission regional energy system.

Effective interpersonal communication by teachers supports learning through empathetic, argumentative, and ethical verbal and nonverbal approaches, building students’ motivation, trust, and engagement in an inclusive learning environment. This study aims to understand the interpersonal communication of Islamic Religious Education teachers in establishing positive relationships to support students' academic success. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach with a case study design to explore interpersonal communication between Islamic Education teachers and students through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. Data were analyzed using the Miles, Huberman, and Saldana method, which includes data reduction, presentation, and conclusion drawing. Data validity was maintained through source and method triangulation, member checking, and peer discussions. The results indicate that teachers’ interpersonal communication strategies involve a harmonious blend of verbal and nonverbal communication. Teachers deliver material through lectures, advice, and praise, while reinforcing messages with facial expressions and gestures. Values such as empathy, openness, support, positive attitudes, and equality form the foundation for building strong emotional connections with students. Supporting factors such as extended learning time and school programs also strengthen communication. Despite challenges like large class sizes and negative student perceptions, adaptive and empathetic strategies successfully create a positive and inclusive learning atmosphere. Conclusion: The interpersonal communication strategies of teachers enhance learning through verbal and nonverbal approaches that foster closeness, participation, and a positive atmosphere.

Television remains in demand thanks to its broad reach, diverse programming, and creative, collaborative production teams, supported by digital transformation to maintain broadcast quality and interactivity. This study examines the communication strategies of production teams in broadcasting Ramadan news and breaking news of the Sidang Isbat (Islamic council meeting to determine the start of Ramadan), focusing on the challenges of airing religious and public-value content. The research uses a qualitative case study approach, with interviews, observation, and documentation as data collection techniques. Data was processed through condensation, presentation, and conclusion drawing. Research findings show that TVOne's communication strategy involves cross-division coordination, the development of religious-commercial content, multiplatform usage, and a deep understanding of the Ramadan audience’s characteristics to deliver accurate, relevant, peaceful, and professional information across various broadcast channels. TVOne's Sidang Isbat Breaking News emphasizes accuracy, neutrality, and intensive cross-team coordination, delivering information based on scientific and religious data, and is broadcast live with multiplatform support for broad reach. The Jelang Berbuka (Before Iftar) program combines religious and commercial content, managed by a religious team, structured with empathetic narratives, aired on TV and digital platforms, and developed through intensive coordination and audience evaluation. Conclusion: TVOne’s communication strategy emphasizes cross-division coordination, broadcast flexibility, team collaboration, digital evaluation, and the application of the 6C principles for the success of high public-value and religious programs.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji pengaruh Tingkat Pendidikan, Skala Usaha, Umur Usaha, Dan Kemitraan Terhadap Sistem Informasi Akuntansi Studi Kasus Pada Kuliner  Kota Semarang. Hasil dalam penelitian ini dikumpulkan melalui kuesioner yang disebar kepada para pelaku usaha kuliner di Kota Semarang dan diproses serta dianalisis menggunakan uji statistik analisis regresi linier berganda. Hasil dari penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa variabel Tingkat Pendidikan berpengaruh signifikan dengan arah positif terhadap SIA dengan nilai Sig. 0,04 < 0,05 dan t hitung 2.928 > 1,985, variabel Skala Usaha tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap SIA dengan nilai Sig. 0,416 > 0,05 dan t hitung 0,818 < 1,985, variabel Umur Usaha tidak berpengaruh signifikan terhadap SIA dengan nilai Sig. 0,440 > 0,05 dan t hitung 0,775< 1,985, dan variabel Kemitraan berpengaruh signifikan dengan arah positif terhadap SIA dengan nilai Sig. 0,00 < 0,05 dan t hitung 4,962 > 1,985. Keterbatasan penelitian terdapat dua variabel independen yang ditolak yaitu Skala Usaha dan Umur Usaha sehingga perlu adanya justifikasi/penelitian lanjutan guna mengeksplorasi arti temuan tersebut bagi dunia praktik pada umumnya.