This study examines the legal protection for stateless persons within the framework of citizenship and human rights. The focus is on assessing the effectiveness of international legal frameworks and national policies in safeguarding the fundamental rights of individuals without citizenship. The research employs a qualitative analysis of key legal instruments, including the 1954 Convention Relating to the Status of Stateless Persons and the 1961 Convention on the Reduction of Statelessness, alongside case studies of policy implementation across various countries. The findings reveal that, despite a robust international legal framework, there are significant gaps in implementation and enforcement, leading to ongoing discrimination and human rights violations against stateless persons. The study recommends comprehensive policy reforms and enhanced international cooperation to improve legal protection for this vulnerable group.

The role of Pancasila as a source of law within the adat (customary law) system in Indonesia involves analyzing its alignment and contemporary challenges. Pancasila, as the state ideology, serves as a fundamental guide for the formulation and application of laws throughout Indonesia. However, integrating Pancasila's values into the diverse adat legal systems presents significant challenges regarding both value alignment and practical application. This study uses qualitative analysis with a case study approach to evaluate how Pancasila’s principles are implemented in adat law and assess how well these values align with existing adat norms. Findings indicate that despite efforts to reconcile Pancasila with adat law, there are several obstacles, including differences in value interpretation, resistance from indigenous communities, and difficulties in harmonizing national and adat laws. The article concludes that a more dialogic and inclusive approach is needed to align Pancasila with adat law and recommends policy reforms and enhanced understanding of Pancasila's values at the local level to ensure fair and sustainable legal enforcement.

Rural and Urban Land and Building Tax is one of the main sources of State revenue for development financing. In the implementation of PBB-P2 collection, there are still many people who are not aware of the rights and obligations in paying taxes, this is due to the fact that there is still very low public awareness and knowledge in paying taxes. Public awareness as taxpayers in paying taxes will increase if there is an understanding of taxes in society. This research is an empirical legal research where data is obtained directly from the research location. Two types and sources of data are used, namely: primary data and secondary data. The data collection technique uses interview guidelines and literature/journal studies. The results of this study show that: (1). Taxpayer income in Fatululi Village is still very low in taxpayer awareness, economic conditions and the influence of Covid-19. (2). The government's countermeasures are still lacking in socialization or counseling to the taxpayer community. Suggestions need to be further increased socialization or counseling to the public about understanding paying PBB and need to be emphasized the existing tax sanctions.

Internet users in the use of information have given rise to two opposite sides, where on the one hand it is easier in terms of access and utilization of information, while on the other hand it causes various kinds of illegal acts, one of which is copyright infringement in the form of film piracy which is currently inserted through illegal streaming sites resulting in losses for the creators of cinematographic works. This of course violates the ITE Law and the Joint Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights and the Minister of Communication and Informatics concerning the Implementation of Content Closure and/or User Access Rights, Copyright Infringement and/or Related Rights in Electronic Systems. This research is a normative juridical research using a legislative and conceptual approach, using legal materials from literature and the internet as a source of legal materials. The results of the study show: (1) The form of legal protection for the creators of cinematographic works in film piracy on illegal streaming sites is reviewed from the ITE Law in a preventive manner regulated in Articles 23-25, Article 25, Article 32 paragraphs (1) and (2) of the ITE Law and has been repressively regulated in Article 48 paragraphs (1) and (2) of the ITE Law and the Joint Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights & the Minister of Communication and Information related to Content Closure. (2) The effectiveness of the legal protection provided by the government to the creators of cinematographic works in the piracy of films on illegal streaming sites provided by the government through the ITE Law and the Joint Regulation of the Minister of Law and Human Rights and the Minister of Communication and Informatics related to site blocking cannot be said to be effective until now because the legal factor itself has not sufficiently accommodated the protection of creators clearly in the event of film piracy on illegal streaming sites.

This study explores the implications of citizenship on land ownership rights within Indonesian agrarian law. It examines how citizenship status affects the rights to land ownership, focusing on the legal framework established by Indonesian laws, including the Basic Agrarian Law (UUPA) and other relevant regulations. The study employs a qualitative approach, utilizing literature review and case analysis to identify key issues and challenges in the implementation of land ownership laws. Findings reveal that full land ownership rights are exclusively granted to Indonesian citizens, while foreign nationals face significant restrictions. The research highlights several challenges in legal implementation, including bureaucratic inefficiencies and inconsistencies between laws and practical applications. The paper concludes with recommendations for regulatory reforms, improved administrative processes, and enhanced transparency to better support both domestic and foreign stakeholders in land ownership. These recommendations aim to address existing problems and facilitate a more equitable and efficient land management system in Indonesia.

Islam is a divine religion that contains the law of Allah ??????????? ?? ????????, the Lord of the universe. Islamic teachings are universal and intended for all creatures both on earth and in the sky. In addition, Islamic teachings are flexible (easily adapted) according to the development of the times. In the modern era like today, there are many conveniences that humans can feel as a result of the development of technology and information. This can have positive and negative impacts on human life. If humans cannot control their behavior in this modern life, humans can fall into the abyss of humiliation and disgrace. That is why religion plays a very important role in guiding humans, especially in this modern era. This study aims to discuss how Islam guarantees safety in life in the world and in the hereafter in the context of modern life. This discussion is intended to find out how humans should behave, in order to achieve safety in life not only in the world, but also safety in the hereafter. This study uses a literature study method, where researchers obtain data from library sources such as books, journals and other scientific publications. Data from these sources are then analyzed and concluded in order to obtain accurate data. The results of this study indicate that straight Faith and Tawhid are the keys to salvation in the world and the hereafter.

Placement and channeling service management in guidance and counseling is a systematic approach that aims to help individuals find the right path in education, career, and social life. This concept involves several key components, including identification of counselee needs, evaluation of potential, and development of an appropriate placement plan. The method used in this research is qualitative with a type of literature study with activities that include searching, reviewing, reading books or journals relevant to the research. The main purpose of this service management is to facilitate the transition process of individuals from education to the world of work, as well as support their personal development. This involves collaboration between counselors, educational institutions, and industry to ensure that clients receive the necessary information and resources. The findings of this study are to discuss (1) Definition of placement and channeling services, (2) Forms of placement and channeling services, (3) Mechanisms of placement and channeling services, (4) Purpose of placement and channeling services, and (5) Assessment of counseling guidance in placement and channeling services. The purpose of this research is to describe and explain the management of placement and channeling services.

This study examines the impact of social media trends on Generation Z's lifestyle, focusing on their physical and mental health. Generation Z, born between 1997 and 2012, is profoundly influenced by digital platforms like Instagram, TikTok, and YouTube. The research uses qualitative content analysis to explore how social media shapes their behavior, emphasizing the prevalence of unhealthy habits such as poor diet, lack of physical activity, and the mental stress of striving for social acceptance. The findings indicate that social media trends often promote rapid and detrimental lifestyle changes, leading to physical issues like obesity and mental health problems such as anxiety and depression. The study highlights the importance of educating Generation Z on balanced media use and healthier lifestyle choices. Recommendations for future research include exploring effective interventions to mitigate these negative influences and implementing comprehensive educational programs. A multi-faceted approach involving parents, schools, and policymakers is essential to guide Generation Z towards healthier habits.

Dairy cattle are ruminant livestock that produce milk whose productivity is very dependent on maintenance management. This community service activity aims to increase the knowledge and skills of dairy farmers in Raraa Village, East Kolaka Regency. This activity was carried out in several stages, including: 1) Socialization of dairy cattle development; 2. Demonstration on the maintenance and feeding of dairy cows; 3. Monitoring and Evaluation. During the socialization activities, the breeders were very enthusiastic in listening and active in the discussion because the breeders in Raraa Village were just getting to know and starting to raise dairy cows. Farmers are also very focused on paying attention to explanations and technical guidance on the maintenance, management and feeding of dairy cows during direct visits to the breeder's pen. At the end of the activity, an evaluation was carried out to determine the level of understanding of dairy farmers. Monitoring and assistance to farmers is also carried out to help farmers who experience difficulties in the process of caring for and feeding dairy cows. This activity can increase the knowledge and skills of dairy farmers so that farmers can maintain and develop dairy cattle in accordance with the government's goal of distributing dairy cattle seeds in the Southeast Sulawesi region

The digitalization era is developing rapidly in Indonesia. The pandemic that occurred accelerated digital transformation in various fields. Various digital platforms were developed to support the continuity of education during the pandemic so that they could develop digital skills and improve the status of digital literacy in Indonesia. In addition to the positive impacts, there are also negative impacts from the development of digital transformation. The National Cyber and Crypto Polytechnic which focuses on information security is committed to encouraging increased digital skills and literacy in the surrounding community. Therefore, this time the National Cyber and Crypto Polytechnic located in Bogor Regency began to focus on developing digital skills and literacy among high school students or equivalent in Bogor Regency. The students' digital literacy status was first measured and then the right program or activity was determined to develop their digital skills and literacy. The digital literacy status was measured based on four pillars, Pillar 1 Digital Skill, Pillar 2 Digital Ethics, Pillar 3 Digital Safety, and Pillar 4 Digital Culture. Data collection was carried out by giving questionnaires to 276 high school students or equivalent who used the internet in Bogor Regency. Students give a score to each statement and then the score will be calculated as an average per pillar. The digital literacy index is obtained from the average score of all pillars. The digital literacy index result is 3.14 which is higher than the West Java digital literacy index of 2.78. In addition, pillar 2 Digital Ethic has the lowest score among the four pillars so that the next program is expected to aim to increase this score.