This paper examines euthanasia from ethical, theological, legal, and human rights perspectives, focusing specifically on the Christian faith. Euthanasia, defined as the intentional termination of life to avoid physical suffering, raises significant moral and legal dilemmas. This study applies a qualitative method through literature review to explore expert opinions, Indonesian legal provisions, and theological foundations based on the Bible. The findings indicate that euthanasia contradicts the core principles of Christian ethics, Indonesian positive law, and human rights values that uphold the right to life. From a Christian worldview, life is a divine gift and should not be ended by human will. Suffering is understood as part of a spiritual journey that carries redemptive meaning. Furthermore, euthanasia presents complex implications not only for the individual undergoing the act but also for families, religious communities, and healthcare professionals. In Christian ethics, life and death are matters of divine sovereignty, and human agency in ending life is considered a violation of God's authority. The legal stance in Indonesia, as reflected in national laws and regulations, clearly prohibits any form of euthanasia, emphasizing the protection of human life as a constitutional right. From a human rights viewpoint, although autonomy is important, it must be balanced with the principle of preserving life. This study suggests that interdisciplinary dialogue involving theology, law, bioethics, and pastoral care is urgently needed to build awareness and offer compassionate responses to end-of-life issues. Churches, educators, and policymakers are encouraged to develop ethical guidelines and pastoral counseling approaches rooted in biblical truth and legal integrity. A wise and faithful response to the problem of euthanasia requires not only empathy but also a clear commitment to uphold the sanctity of life.

This article aims to explain why ‘religious moderation’ is essential in preventing intolerance and extremism in Indonesia. This study employs a library research method, including books, journals, encyclopaedias, and dictionaries. The findings of this study indicate that ‘religious moderation’ has the potential to keep religious values relevant and meaningful over time. In conclusion, an important and aligned religious vision and mission can create beauty, peace, brotherhood, and unity in social diversity through ‘religious moderation’. Therefore, there is an urgent need to encourage ‘religious moderation’, namely: religion must be understood and applied to free humans from extreme attitudes and actions that can damage humanity. In this view, religion should not be used as a tool to justify destructive actions. Instead, religion should be a source of creative inspiration that can improve the quality of human life everywhere.

Indonesia is a unitary state with a lot of diversity, including various tribes, languages, religions, and cultures. Because it has so many differences, it is important for this nation to practice moderation in religion in order to prevent divisions that can damage the unity of the country. This research is educational and empirical. From the educational aspect, the focus is on the social aspect of religion in a multicultural society by emphasising the values of moderation. Meanwhile, from the empirical side, researchers will analyse the behaviour and actions of society in the practice of religious moderation. A country that is rich in diversity like Indonesia today often faces the issue of radicalism. Various groups that claim to represent certain interests are growing and openly spreading their ideologies. Therefore, religious moderation is an important element to encourage mutual understanding and respect for differences. It is hoped that this can be realised in harmony between religious communities in the midst of community life. The main objective of this study is to explore how to implement religious moderation as a strategic step to create a more inclusive and harmonious Indonesia in the future. The approach used in this study is a literature review, with a descriptive analysis style, namely examining documents and the implementation of religious moderation programmes in Indonesia. The results of the study show that the government faces various challenges in implementing religious moderation, such as rejection from conservative groups and lack of support from educational institutions. The conclusion of this study is that religious moderation is a key factor in building a harmonious and inclusive Indonesia. This can be achieved by increasing collaboration between the government, religious leaders, and the community in promoting the values of moderation. Thus, religious moderation can be a strong foundation for ensuring peace and social stability in Indonesia.