This study presents an evaluation of the cooling load capacity in the departure apron corridor area at Supadio International Airport using the Cooling Load Temperature Difference (CLTD) method. The objective of the research is to assess whether the current air conditioning (AC) is adequate to meet thermal comfort requirements in a tropical climate characterized by high humidity and strong solar radiation. A detailed field survey was conducted at Gate 3, a glass-dominated corridor that experiences significant heat gain from solar exposure. Empirical data including temperature profiles, material properties, occupancy levels, and equipment specifications were collected over a two-week period using digital instruments. Using the CLTD method, the heat contributions from walls, roof, glass surfaces, occupants, lighting, and air infiltration were quantified. The results revealed that the installed AC (2 PK) only delivers about  of the required cooling load, with the total load estimated at 66,448 BTU/hr. The dominant sources of thermal gain include the roof and east-facing glass panels. The study recommends AC resizing, glass shading implementation, and improved insulation to enhance energy efficiency. This research contributes practical insights for HVAC optimization in airport infrastructure within hot-humid climates.

This study identifies and validates critical risk factors in storage tank construction projects through a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) and expert judgment using Aiken’s V method. Initially, 103 journal articles were screened, with 43 selected for in-depth analysis, revealing 33 causal factors and six key risk categories. A Focus Group Discussion (FGD) involving industry professionals (project managers, QA personnel, safety officers) enriched the findings by incorporating practical insights missing in academic literature. Eight experts then evaluated these factors using Aiken’s V, validating 13 causal factors and four risk factors as highly significant. Key causal factors included Structure Design, Material Delivery, and Foundation Design, while major risk factors were financial loss, non-compliance, workplace accidents, and poor-quality outcomes. The study establishes a structured risk model for storage tank projects, supporting future quantitative risk analysis and mitigation strategies.

Indonesia is a developing country located at the convergence of four tectonic plates, making it highly prone to natural disasters such as earthquakes, tsunamis, landslides, and volcanic eruptions. These frequent disasters highlight the critical need for reliable electricity during emergencies. However, disaster-affected areas often struggle to restore power due to accessibility issues. To address this, alternative energy sources are needed, and Solar Power Plants (PLTS) offer a practical solution. PLTS are easy to implement, depend only on sunlight, and provide clean energy with low carbon emissions. Under clear skies, solar radiation can reach 1,000 Watts per square meter, making it a powerful energy source. Additionally, PLTS systems are adaptable and can be deployed in various formats, including mobile units. This study focuses on designing a Mobile PLTS to support BASARNAS operations in disaster zones. Data collection was conducted using resources from BNPB, BMKG, BASARNAS, and NASA. The analysis includes the geographical characteristics of the site, solar radiation intensity, and the operational dimensions of the BASARNAS Mobile Truck. The study aims to determine the suitable system specifications and estimate the energy production capacity of the Mobile PLTS. The proposed design features 20 solar panels, each with a capacity of 300 Wp, producing an average of 27.70 kWh per day. It also includes 16 batteries for energy storage. The remaining space in the truck can be used for transporting logistics or essential tools, making it a multifunctional unit ideal for disaster response scenarios.

Candikusuma Beach in Bali has experienced significant erosion since 2009, threatening public facilities, including a mosque in Candikusuma village. This issue is critical as it affects a coastal fishing community. To mitigate the erosion, a revetment structure using concrete block armor is proposed. This revetment aims to protect the coastal cliff from wave forces and prevent further erosion. The planning process begins with analyzing bathymetric and topographic data to assess land and sea conditions. Tidal analysis determines key water elevations, while wind data is used to calculate maximum and average wind speeds and directions. Wave hindcasting, based on wind data and effective fetch length, provides estimates of wave height and period. Shoreline changes are evaluated by comparing satellite imagery from 2003 and bathymetric surveys from 2012, revealing an average shoreline retreat of 21.70 meters over nine years. The design of the revetment includes a crest elevation of +3.70 meters MSL, constructed on a base at -0.5 meters MSL. The concrete foundation extends to a depth of -1.5 meters MSL. Hindcasting results show maximum wave heights of 1.21 to 1.50 meters from the southwest, with an average wave height of 0.01 to 0.30 meters from the south. The design wave height for a 25-year return period is 1.37 meters with a period of 4.58 seconds, resulting in a wave height of 1.31 meters at a depth of 2 meters. The estimated budget for the 200-meter-long revetment is Rp. 7,778,174,000.

Nowadays, the number of cyber terrorists that using Internet as a medium keep increasing around the world are really worrying. Even though the cyber terrorist is publishing their post openly and public, there are quite difficult to recognize their main communication media. This happen because the cyber terrorist might hide their agenda through any sympathetic base website. Therefore, the aim of this project is to formulate tracing and linking algorithm using data mining technique in order to identify the relationship between each cyber terrorism components that may result to cyber terrorism website.
 
 
 

This study investigates the solutions of electrical current in linear circuit systems using two numerical methods implemented in MATLAB: the Matrix Inverse Method and the Gauss-Jordan Elimination Method. The objective is to analyze the effectiveness, accuracy, and computational efficiency of both techniques in solving systems of linear equations derived from Kirchhoff's laws. Several circuit models with varying levels of complexity are tested to compare results obtained from each method. The findings indicate that both methods yield consistent solutions, although differences in computational steps and processing time are observed. This research highlights the practicality of MATLAB as a powerful tool for electrical circuit analysis and provides insights into the selection of appropriate numerical methods for solving engineering problems.

This study examines the performance of a total of ten reinforced concrete T-beams, nine of which were made as hybrid beams by casting the web with LW concrete and the flange with HS concrete; the last beam was cast as a normal beam (entirely cast with HS concrete). All beams underwent testing under two-point loads following a 28-day period. The variables of the experimental program include the concrete grade within the web (46, 62, and 82 MPa) and stirrup distribution distances (100, 200, and 300 mm). The experimental program includes load-deflection curves and failure modes for hybrid and normal beams. The results showed that all the beams failed in shear-flexural mode. Also, increasing flange compressive strength increased shear. strength. Increasing stirrup distribution distance from 100 to 200 and 300 mm reduced the ultimate load capacity; specimens with stirrup spacing of 300 mm failed directly after yielding of steel due to crushing the concrete over the support and spalling concrete cover within the shear zone. The study also determined that reducing stirrup spacing to 100 mm did not alter the failure mode, as shear failure was dictated by the compressive strength of the lower layer of the hybrid beams (19 MPa compressive strength of LW concrete).

The increasing population triggers a demand for land for housing and other activities. Along with this, issues arise regarding the limited availability of land, especially in rapidly developed areas. This limitation has the potential to create an imbalance between the growing need for space and the existing land capacity. This study evaluates the land carrying capacity in four sub-districts in the southern part of Medan City, namely Medan Tuntungan, Medan Johor, Medan Amplas, and Medan Denai, in dealing with the continuously growing population. Using a spatial analysis approach with ArcGIS 10.8 software and detailed spatial data, this research identifies potential areas for residential development and projects the capacity of land to accommodate future populations. The analysis covers physical and environmental aspects such as land slope, soil type, natural disaster risks, and access to public facilities. The results show that each sub-district has different potentials and challenges. Medan Tuntungan, with its large area and flat land conditions, shows significant potential for residential development, although attention must be given to the existence of protected areas and agricultural land that must be preserved. Medan Johor, as an economic center, faces substantial pressure on land use, with some areas nearing their maximum capacity. Medan Amplas and Medan Denai, which are more urban, experience stricter land limitations. Population growth projections indicate a significant increase in land demand in some sub-districts in the coming decades. Without effective management, this has the potential to exert high pressure on the environment and urban infrastructure. This research emphasizes the importance of spatial planning and sustainable development policies to maintain a balance between housing needs and environmental conservation.

The increasing complexity of naval electrical systems and the demand for higher operational reliability necessitate a shift from traditional maintenance methods to data-driven predictive maintenance solutions. This research examines the effectiveness of IoT-based remote monitoring and diagnostic systems in improving system reliability, cost-efficiency, and operational sustainability in naval engineering. A qualitative-empirical approach was applied, utilizing expert interviews, structured surveys, and field observations to assess the impact of IoT-driven predictive maintenance. The findings indicate a significant reduction in system failures (92/100), maintenance costs (89/100), and operational downtime, demonstrating the effectiveness of real-time fault detection and automated diagnostics. Additionally, the study identifies challenges in infrastructure readiness (78/100) and cybersecurity concerns (82/100), which must be addressed for large-scale implementation. While the adoption rate (88/100) reflects strong industry support, skill readiness gaps (80/100) suggest a need for enhanced technical training in maritime education. The research concludes that IoT-based predictive maintenance offers a transformative approach to naval maintenance strategies, ensuring sustainability, efficiency, and enhanced fleet readiness in modern maritime operations.

Concrete is an important aspect of building construction, one of which is road construction. Concrete is used for road construction because it has the advantages of high compressive strength, easy maintenance, ease of formation, and easy to obtain components. Road construction using concrete is applied to the reconstruction of the Kebumen South Ring Road, where the Kebumen South Ring Road is a 9.07 km long national road. National roads are arterial and collector roads in the primary road network system that connect provincial capitals, national strategic roads, and toll roads. Therefore, construction on national roads requires strong and good materials on the Kebumen South Ring Road to optimize road use. In this study, the concrete is composed of Bima cement as Portland cement, coarse aggregate from Kebumen, fine aggregate from the Progo River, and water from drilled wells. The admixture was obtained from a Conmix HK 2. Subsequently, all ingredients were mixed using a mixer truck. The concrete mixture was molded into cylinders and blocks. In this study, the average results of the 5-day concrete compressive strength test were obtainedwhich is 373.42 kg/cm2 and 28-day-old concrete is 442.32 kg/cm2. The average result of the 5-day concrete flexural test is50.65 kg/cm2 and that of 28-day-old concrete was 60.73 kg/cm2. The results are in accordance with the general specifications of the Bina Marga, namely, 45 kg.