The rapid advancement of digital technology has led to significant changes in how people conduct financial transactions, particularly the shift from cash payments to digital methods that are viewed as more efficient, faster, and safer. This study aims to analyze differences in the frequency of using three types of financial transactions cash, e-wallets, and bank transfers in daily life. A quantitative descriptive-comparative approach was applied, involving 47 respondents selected through purposive sampling. The instruments were tested for validity and reliability before analysis. Data were examined using the Friedman test to assess differences in usage frequency among the three methods. The findings show a significant difference in frequency, with e-wallets being the most used, followed by bank transfers, and then cash. These results suggest that people now prioritize convenience, speed, and accessibility in financial activities. The implications highlight the need for financial institutions and payment providers to enhance digital security systems and improve service accessibility. Small business operators are encouraged to adapt to changing consumer preferences that increasingly favor digital payments. Furthermore, improving digital financial literacy is essential to support broader financial inclusion. This study also provides recommendations for policymakers to expand access to digital financial services, especially for underserved communities.

Student work readiness is very important to face the dynamic world of work, students need to prepare for various challenges in the world of work, such as tight competition, high job demands, and rapid technological changes. This study aims to determine whether Self-Efficacy and Digital Skills partially and simultaneously affect Work Readiness to Face the Era of Society 5.0 in Islamic Banking Students of UIN Raden Fatah Palembang Class of 2021. The research method used is a quantitative approach. The sample in this study was 100 respondents with a sampling technique using random sampling with data measurement using a likert scale. Questionnaires were given to respondents and data analysis was carried out using SPSS 27 software. The results of this study indicate that partially the self-efficacy variable has an influence on the work readiness of islamic banking students with a significance value (sig) of 0.001 < (?) 0.1, and the digital skills variable has an influence on the work readiness of islamic banking students with a significance value (sig) of 0.002 < (?) 0.1. Meanwhile, simultaneously, self-efficacy and digital skills have a positive and significant influence on the work readiness of islamic banking students with a significance value (sig) of 0.000 < (?) 0.1.
 

The purpose of this study is to examine the structure of economic performance and identify superior clusters in districts/cities in order to develop a basis for formulating effective regional development strategies. The methodology used is quantitative with a descriptive approach that includes analysis of location quotient (LQ), shift share and class typology. Secondary data comes from official institutions such as the Central Statistics Agency (BPS). The results of the study indicate that Sidoarjo has an advantage in the manufacturing sector (LQ 1.85) and is included in the category of advanced and rapidly developing regions. Lamongan stands out in the agricultural and fisheries sectors with significant growth, although its contribution to GDP is low, it is classified as a rapidly developing region. Gresik has a large and solid commercial sector, but its growth is still lagging behind the national average. Pasuruan is included in the lagging category because its education services sector has not become the mainstay of the economy. The cluster approach has proven successful in identifying regional potential and formulating data-based development policies. Cross-sector collaboration and responsive and supportive government policies are key factors in developing superior clusters that can accelerate regional economic growth in an inclusive and sustainable manner.

This study aims to analyze the effect of product arrangement on consumer purchasing decisions at Alfamidi Jl. Tuasan, Medan. Product arrangement is a crucial visual merchandising strategy in the modern retail industry to attract consumer attention and increase sales. The study used a quantitative approach with an associative method, involving 30 respondents selected through accidental sampling techniques. Data were collected using a questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale and analyzed using simple linear regression with the help of SPSS version 25. The results showed that product arrangement had a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 90.2%. The regression equation Y = 1.245 + 0.675X shows that every one unit increase in product arrangement will increase purchasing decisions by 0.675 units. The t-test produced a calculated t value of 16.071> t table 2.048 with a significance of 0.000 <0.05, confirming the research hypothesis. This finding confirms that product layout elements such as ease of access, visual appeal, and layout comfort play a vital role in influencing consumer behavior and increasing the effectiveness of retail marketing strategies.

Using an econometric approach, this study attempts to assess and quantify how globalisation has affected the economy of developing nations. By boosting cross-border information flows, foreign investment, and international trade, globalisation has become a major force in changing the structure of the world economy. Its consequences on social inequality, wealth distribution, and economic stability are still complicated, particularly for emerging countries. This study examines how the Human Development Index (HDI), a measure of economic welfare, is related to the economic aspects of globalisation, including capital flows, technology, and international monetary policy. Finding correlations between globalisation variables and macroeconomic indicators in developing nations is done quantitatively using econometric methods, and both descriptive and inferential analyses are carried out to give a thorough picture of how globalisation has affected important economic sectors. influence on important economic sectors. According to research, globalisation has two opposing effects: on the one hand, it increases economic growth and efficiency through trade and technical development, while on the other, it makes inequality and reliance on international markets worse. These understandings are essential for creating egalitarian and flexible economic policies that can improve living standards in emerging nations. Additionally, the report suggests national policies to improve domestic sectors and promote sustainable human development in order to lessen the negative consequences of globalisation.

This qualitative literature review explores the role of digital marketing and operational strategies in enhancing the performance of Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs). Drawing on recent empirical studies, the review highlights how digital marketing adoption, product innovation, and operational efficiency contribute to increased sales, customer satisfaction, and competitiveness in MSMEs. The study synthesizes findings from various journals to identify effective marketing strategies and operational practices that are critical for MSMEs’ sustainability. Implications for managers include prioritizing digital platforms and integrating operational improvements to optimize growth. The review also identifies gaps for future research on tailored marketing and operational frameworks in diverse MSME contexts.

During the globalization age, culturally and ethnically diverse organizations are increasing. To overcome differences and create a harmonious and productive work environment, inclusive leadership is essential. In student organizations, leadership plays an important role in producing effective teams. In the context of the diversity of student organization members of STIE Mahardhika Surabaya, this study attempts to explain how inclusive leadership practices affect team performance. This study conducted a descriptive qualitative study involving observation, documentation, and in-depth interviews and research on two student organizations, UKM Jurnalistik and PMII. The study showed that an open inclusive leadership style in UKM Jurnalistik was able to increase two-way communication, member participation, and a sense of belonging to the organization, which had a positive impact on team performance. Meanwhile, a more structural but still inclusive leadership style in PMII was also able to increase two-way communication, member participation, and a sense of belonging to the organization.

This study aims to analyze the influence of creativity and entrepreneurial knowledge on the development of entrepreneurial spirit among young people in the digital era, specifically students of the Faculty of Economics, Universitas Negeri Medan. Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through questionnaires and analyzed using SPSS. The results show that both variables, both partially and simultaneously, have a significant influence on the entrepreneurial spirit. Entrepreneurial knowledge prov
 

This research explores the impact of institutional ownership, managerial ownership, and the proportion of independent commissioners on firm performance, with earnings quality serving as a moderating variable. The study draws on a sample of companies that undertook Initial Public Offerings (IPOs) in 2019 on the Indonesia Stock Exchange, utilizing data spanning the years 2019 to 2023. A multiple linear regression model was employed to assess both direct effects and interaction effects moderated by earnings quality. The findings indicate that institutional ownership and the presence of independent commissioners exert a statistically significant influence on company performance, with earnings quality enhancing these relationships. This study enriches the discourse on corporate governance mechanisms within newly public firms and offers practical insights for both market regulators and investors.

Industrialization is a key factor in the economic development of a country, including Indonesia. Since the New Order era, industrialization has become an integral part of national development strategies, marked by the growth of the industrial sector and the active involvement of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the concept of industrialization, its role in the economy, the development of the industrial sector in Indonesia, its impacts, and concrete examples of state-owned enterprises operating in the industrial sector. The method used is a literature review with a qualitative approach, focusing on synthesizing findings from various sources to gain deeper insight. The discussion results show that industrialization greatly contributes to economic growth and job creation, but it also brings negative impacts such as environmental pollution, consumerism, cultural value shifts, and uncontrolled urbanization. One example of a state-owned enterprise playing a major role in the industrial sector is PT Pertamina (Persero), which contributes to national energy security and the development of a sustainable energy industry. By understanding the dynamics of industrialization, it is hoped that Indonesia’s future economic development can achieve a better balance between growth and sustainability.