Traditional Cultural Expressions (TREs) are an important part of national identity and intangible cultural heritage that live in indigenous communities in Indonesia. In the midst of globalization and increasing cultural claims by other countries, the urgency of legal protection for TREs is becoming increasingly relevant and strategic. This article aims to examine the effectiveness of legal protection for TREs in Indonesia and to formulate strategies for strengthening protection at the national and international levels. This study uses a juridical-normative approach with literature study techniques and qualitative analysis of laws and regulations, international conventions, and case studies such as Reog Ponorogo and batik. The results of the study indicate that existing legal protection is still limited and has not been able to answer the complexity of cultural claim problems. Harmonization of national law with international standards and collaboration between parties are needed to strengthen Indonesia's legal position in protecting TREs. This study contributes to the development of more responsive and sustainable cultural policies.

As a wing organization of the National Mandate Party, Barisan Muda Penegak Amanat Nasional (BM PAN) is strategically responsible for fostering youth leadership at the regional level, including in Lampung Province. The purpose of this study is to investigate the role of BM PAN Lampung in shaping the character of youth leadership through various training, advocacy, and cadre programs. The method used is a qualitative approach that uses participatory observation, documentation studies, and in-depth interviews to collect data. The study shows that BM PAN Lampung has the ability to facilitate constructive political participation for youth and become a place to build leadership skills oriented towards national values. This organization has shown that its cadre program has succeeded in increasing political awareness, public communication skills, and managerial skills among its members. In addition, as shown by Santoso (2014) and Mulyadi (2018) about the importance of youth participation in political regeneration, this study found that youth organizations such as BM PAN play an important role in enhancing participatory democracy at the local level. 

The democratic journey of the Indonesian nation has always experienced quite brilliant ups and downs and is not in accordance with the norms of good civility. By disobeying various things that always prioritize various principles of democracy and social life for society. The Constitutional Court (MK) as an institution that safeguards the constitution and protects the supremacy of law in Indonesia plays an important role in ensuring the sustainability of democratic principles and the protection of human rights. However, in recent years, the dignity of the Constitutional Court has often been questioned due to various controversies surrounding the integrity, independence and legitimacy of this institution. This article aims to analyze the causes and impacts of the collapse of the MK's dignity on legal governance and democratic stability in Indonesia. Using a normative-empirical approach, this article discusses the challenges faced by the Constitutional Court, including political interference, external pressure, and internal problems related to the code of ethics and professionalism of judges. This study found that the legitimacy crisis experienced by the Constitutional Court not only damaged the credibility of the institution but also threatened the stability of the law and constitutional order in Indonesia.

The principle of due process of law is a fundamental pillar in every modern legal system, including in the context of procedural law for judicial review of laws at the Constitutional Court of the Republic of Indonesia. This principle demands a fair, open, and balanced procedure for all parties to the case. However, in practice, the application of this principle often faces various problems, such as limited access to trial information, limited opportunities to submit evidence, and allegations of impartiality by the constitutional panel of judges. This study aims to critically examine the problems of applying the principle of due process of law in procedural law for judicial review of laws at the Constitutional Court. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach and case studies of several Constitutional Court decisions. The results of the study indicate that there is a discrepancy between the normative provisions governing the principle of a fair trial and the factual implementation in court. This condition has the potential to weaken the legitimacy of the Constitutional Court as the guardian of the constitution and the protection of citizens' constitutional rights. Therefore, efforts are needed to reform procedural law at the Constitutional Court to strengthen the application of the principle of due process of law consistently, transparently, and accountably.

In everyday life, the practice of making agreements is often done simply without written form, especially in social interactions and informal economic activities. This raises legal questions about whether agreements made orally have valid legal force. This study aims to understand the legal position of oral agreements from the perspective of Indonesian civil law, especially regarding the requirements for the validity of an agreement based on the provisions of Article 1320 of the Civil Code (KUHPerdata). This study uses a normative juridical method, with an approach to laws and legal doctrine. The results of the study show that even though they are not made in writing, oral agreements are still valid as long as they meet the applicable legal requirements. However, the problem that often arises lies in the difficulty of proof when peace occurs. Therefore, it is important for parties to consider written records as a form of legal protection.
 

The rapid development of information technology has presented new legal challenges, particularly regarding the protection of personal data and information security. This research aims to examine the urgency of establishing legal regulations that are adaptive to the dynamics of information technology in Indonesia, and to examine the extent to which existing regulations are able to accommodate the needs of legal protection in the digital ecosystem. The research method used is normative juridical with a statutory approach and conceptual analysis of the applicable legal framework. The findings show that existing regulations, such as the Electronic Information and Transaction Law and the Personal Data Protection Law, still face obstacles in implementation, including overlapping rules, weaknesses in law enforcement, and low public digital literacy. The implications of this research emphasize the importance of continuous legal reform, synergy between law enforcement agencies, and increased public awareness to create a safe and equitable digital ecosystem.

This study analyzes the dialectic of political interests in the recovery of assets from corruption through the Non-Conviction Based Asset Forfeiture (NCB) mechanism. Using a normative legal approach, the study reveals that NCB is a strategic solution to overcome the limitations of the conventional system, especially in cases where perpetrators flee or have immunity, with the potential to increase asset recovery by up to 40%. Findings indicate that political interests are hindering the enactment of the Asset Forfeiture Bill, despite NCB being mandated by the UNCAC 2003 and proven effective internationally. This study recommends accelerating the legislative process for the enactment of the Asset Forfeiture Bill, which could revolutionize the enforcement of criminal law against corruption in Indonesia

The Era of the 4.0 Industrial Revolution has transformed various aspects of life, particularly with the advent of Artificial Intelligence (AI), which brings innovation and efficiency to sectors such as healthcare, education, and governance. However, the rapid development of AI also presents challenges related to law and ethics that must be addressed, such as legal responsibility for damages caused, secure management of personal data, and ethical boundaries regarding technological intervention. This article aims to discuss the legal and ethical issues surrounding the use of AI in Indonesia, focusing on the importance of developing an adaptive legal framework and the application of appropriate ethical principles. This research uses a normative research method with a regulatory approach and a conceptual approach. The discussion covers the definition of AI, legal and ethical challenges in its use, and recommendations for responsible technology implementation. The findings suggest that to ensure fair and sustainable use of AI, Indonesia needs to strengthen existing regulations, raise ethical awareness in society, and establish a dedicated regulatory body for AI technology.

The development of technology communication and information has produce the phenomenon of digital legacy, which is a person's digital footprint that remains stored and persists after they pass away.This digital legacy not only reflects a person's identity and personal life but also stores sensitive and private data.In the perspective of human rights, the right to privacy is a base right that must be protected, including personal data post-mortem. However, the legal system in Indonesia has not explicitly regulated the protection of digital legacy, resulting in a legal vacuum that potentially violates the right to privacy.This research uses a normative method with a legislative approach and a case approach.The study results show that the absence of national legal norms specifically regulating digital legacy causes society to depend on the internal policies of foreign digital platforms, which do not guarantee justice and human rights protection. National regulations are needed that specifically govern the protection of personal data post-mortem as a form of respect for human privacy and dignity, as well as a tangible manifestation of the state's responsibility to guarantee the human rights of its citizens in the digital era.

The problem of this research is how the implementation of the management control system in TOSERBA MMTC and what strategies are carried out to improve competitiveness in TOSERBA MMTC. The purpose of this study is to determine how the implementation of the management control system in TOSERBA MMTC and to determine what strategies are carried out to improve competitiveness in TOSERBA MMTC. This research method uses a qualitative approach. The data analysis techniques used are data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of the study TOSERBA MMTC has implemented a structured management control system at three levels: strategic, operational, and financial. Strategic involves quarterly planning based on historical data; operational combines computerized information systems and a collaborative work culture; while finance applies tiered authorization and bottom-up budgeting, which has successfully reduced budget deviations by 22%. To improve competitiveness, MMTC carries a hyperlocal strategy by selling 45% local products, digital transformation such as WhatsApp Business and dynamic discount systems, and marketing through local social media and digital loyalty programs, which have proven effective in increasing sales and customer retention.