Effective educational planning requires a data-driven approach to optimize time, resources, and decision-making. Program Evaluation and Review Technique (PERT) is a project management method that can support this, especially in large-scale educational projects. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of PERT in educational planning, with a focus on time optimization, resource efficiency, and data-based decision-making. The method used is a literature study, by reviewing various library sources such as journals, books, and research reports. The results of the study indicate that PERT is able to reduce project implementation time, improve resource efficiency and PERT supports data-based decision-making. In conclusion, PERT is an effective method to improve the efficiency and effectiveness of educational planning. Successful implementation requires training, technology support, and good coordination between stakeholders.

The COVID-19 pandemic has had a major impact on the world of education, forcing a massive transformation of learning from face-to-face to the virtual world. In this article, we emphasize how technology, digital media, and online learning strategies have changed during the pandemic and how they are applied at various levels of education. In the online learning process, both teachers and students face challenges and opportunities, according to literature research conducted in several recent books and journals. Information technology is very important to convey information and encourage students to learn. This transformation not only affects learning methods but also requires innovation in curriculum and teaching methods to be more flexible and adaptive. The digital era has encouraged the use of technology in education. This is despite many obstacles, such as limited infrastructure and lack of human resources. This study shows that the readiness of the education system to face the crisis is very important. In addition, in the future, educators and students must be strengthened in digital skills.

Many problems during the learning process result in a decrease in student learning motivation which has a negative impact on academic achievement and makes students less active. This can be seen from (1) the rarity of students asking or responding to questions (2) students rarely communicate difficulties to teachers (3) students are also often late in submitting assignments. With these problems, researchers tried to apply the project based learning model with a constructivist approach analysis implemented at SMA Negeri 1 Majene. The subjects of this study were 38 grade X MIPA students of PAI subjects and one of the PAI subject teachers. The method used is descriptive qualitative, data collection techniques are observation, interviews and documentation. Data analysis techniques by means of data collection, data reduction, data presentation and drawing conclusions. The results of this study students have been faced with a problem and have the ability to analyze complex problems, investigate, evaluate, viewpoints and draw conclusions based on evidence and reasoning coupled with the spirit of student collaboration is very compact in each group, where a collaboration is a process of achieving a goal that is done together helping each other, and the most supportive thing in the learning process activities is the extrinsic factor of students which is the stimulation from outside, namely the people around them. In the application of constructivism in learning, it is expected that students are more active and teachers as facilitators become more innovative.

This research examines the effectiveness of using Kahoot as a learning evaluation medium for mufradat (vocabulary) in Arabic language at LKP Kampung Arab Al-Azhar Pare. The research background indicates that mastering mufradat is crucial in Arabic language learning, yet conventional teaching and evaluation methods are often monotonous and less motivating for students. The objective of this study is to test the effectiveness of Kahoot as an evaluation medium in Arabic language learning for students of Takallam 1 Program. The method used is a combination of qualitative and quantitative with a one-group pre-test-post-test experimental design on 24 students. Research findings show a significant increase in students' average scores from pre-test (35.6250) to post-test (83.5417) after using Kahoot , as well as positive responses from students stating that Kahoot is enjoyable, easy to use, and engaging. The implication of this research is that the use of Kahoot is effective in increasing motivation and learning outcomes of Arabic.

Bullying in elementary schools is a social problem that negatively impacts children’s psychological, social, and academic development. This study aims to examine the various forms of bullying occurring in elementary school settings, the underlying causes, and effective, sustainable prevention strategies. The research employs a qualitative descriptive approach, collecting data through observation, interviews, and document analysis. Findings reveal that bullying in elementary schools includes physical, verbal, social, and cyberbullying forms, which often go undetected due to underreporting. Contributing factors involve family environment, parenting styles, school supervision, and weak character education. Effective bullying prevention requires a comprehensive approach involving character education based on empathy and tolerance, teacher training, parental involvement, and firm yet educative anti-bullying policies. In conclusion, collaboration among all stakeholders in creating a safe and inclusive school environment is crucial to reducing bullying behaviors and supporting children’s optimal development.

This study aims to develop and evaluate the effectiveness of podcast-based learning media through the Spotify application in improving listening skills (Maharah al-Istima’) of 8th-grade students at SMP Muhammadiyah 06 Dau. A quantitative research method with a quasi-experimental approach was employed, involving two groups: the experimental class using podcast media and the control class using conventional methods. Data were collected through observation and tests (pretest and posttest), and analyzed using normality, homogeneity, and independent sample t-test with SPSS 26. The results revealed that the use of podcasts significantly enhanced students’ listening skills. Students in the experimental class demonstrated higher enthusiasm, independence, and active participation compared to those in the control class. Thus, Spotify podcasts can be considered an effective and engaging alternative learning medium for Arabic language education. The study also recommends further research on a broader scale to examine long-term impacts and other influencing variables.

Understanding scientific concepts in elementary school, particularly the topic of Earth's layers, remains a challenge due to its abstract nature. Low student interest and difficulty in visualizing geospheric structures highlight the need for more contextual and engaging learning media. This study aims to examine the effect of using audiovisual media on fifth-grade students' understanding of science concepts. A quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design was employed, involving two groups: an experimental class using audiovisual media and a control class using conventional methods. The analysis revealed a significant difference in concept comprehension between the two groups. Students exposed to audiovisual media demonstrated greater improvement in understanding compared to those taught through traditional methods. These findings suggest that audiovisual media effectively support students in grasping abstract concepts through engaging visual and auditory presentations. The study implies that integrating interactive learning media is essential to enhance the quality of science education in elementary schools.

Creativity is an important aspect of children's development, especially during their golden age of growth. Pertiwi Kindergarten (TK) in East Piruko Village, Nagari Sitiung is one of the agents that contributes to the formation of children's creativity through various approaches, one of which is with mural media. The purpose of this study is to analyze the role of murals in supporting the development of early childhood creativity and its impact on the learning environment. The study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach that includes observations, interviews with teachers and parents, and documentation of the mural manufacturing process. The results of the study show that murals are not only a sweetener for the school environment, but also an effective learning medium. It provides visual stimuli that enhance children's imagination and creativity, increase the active participation of teachers, parents and the community, and create a sense of belonging to the school environment. The challenges in implementing murals are budget and deadlines, but these can be overcome through collaboration with the community. Overall, murals at Pertiwi Kindergarten serve as creative learning tools that increase children's motivation and participation in the learning process. This study recommends the use of murals as one of the innovative ways of early childhood education.

Identify the effect of the Deans model on improving students' mental motivation compared to students who learn by the methods used, measuring the extent to which the Deniz model affects learning the skills of preparation and receiving volleyball transmissions. The researchers used the experimental method, and the research sample included students of the College of Physical Education and Sports Sciences at the University of Anbar for the academic year 2024/2025, numbering (40) students; the following research tests were used for the purpose of achieving the research objectives Test the skill of receiving the transmission of the arms from the bottom, testing the skill of preparation from the top with the fingers, mental motivation test The skill tests and mental motivation were conducted after the research sample was completed after it completed the implementation of the program, and at the same time, the method and conditions in which the pre-tests were conducted.  The following statistical parameters were used. Calculates both the percentage values and the mean. And standard deviation. Torsion coefficient and T-test for correlated samples. Through the analysis of the evidence and its statistical processing, it was found that the values of (T) calculated for the test of the skill of receiving the transmitter, preparation, and mental motivation are all significant values when compared to the tabular value of (2.02) at the degree of freedom (39) and the level of significance (0.05). The research results showed that applying the Deniz model had a significant positive effect on mental motivation. It increased students' motivation and self-motivation, which contributed to improved mental performance and concentration during performance. The study also showed that using the Deniz model in training had a major role in improving the skills of receiving transmissions and preparation in volleyball. The ability to receive transmissions with greater accuracy has improved, allowing the ball to be directed more effectively for setup.

This study aims to clearly describe the main character's character education contained in the Novel Cantik Itu Luka by Eka Kurniawan. The main reason the researcher chose the title of this research is to provide an overview to the reading public that novels are not only a medium of entertainment for readers, but furthermore, novels have an important role in instilling the value of character education for novel connoisseurs in general. This study used the descriptive-qualitative method. The data collection technique used by the authors in this study was the reading and note-taking technique. Data analysis techniques used in this research are data reduction techniques and data presentation. The results showed that there were 7 types of character education values, including the values of responsibility, religious values, social care values, independent values, never giving up, romantic characters, and friendly and communicative.