Humans, who are living creatures with intelligence, have the potential to continue to develop. One way of human development is through education. Education for humanity is an absolute need that must be fulfilled throughout life. With education, humans can broaden their insight, be creative, prosperous, happy and be free from being left behind by the increasingly developing times. One of the education children receive is Catholic religious education at school. Studying Catholic Religious Education encourages students to become believers who are able to live and realize their faith in everyday life. In achieving the goals of Catholic religious education, a teacher must have skills in teaching, make careful plans and actively increase knowledge and experience in carrying out his duties. The success of learning depends on the teacher's success in activating students through the teaching and learning process which is supported by educational facilities and infrastructure, appropriate learning models and curriculum. The independent curriculum gives educators the freedom to create quality learning that suits students' needs and learning environment. The independent curriculum emphasizes the Pancasila student profile. In this classroom action research, the researcher focuses on the dimension of having faith in God Almighty and having noble morals and the dimension of critical reasoning. In the process of implementing Catholic religious education, a teacher often encounters problems, for example students are less active in the Catholic religious education learning process, students lack understanding of a concept and low student learning outcomes. There are many factors that cause low student learning outcomes, for example inappropriate learning models, lack of student involvement, the learning process is still teacher-centered and low student interest in reading PAK textbooks. Based on the problems above, teachers can provide meaningful learning experiences by designing the learning process. The learning model that can be applied is Discovery Learning. The use of the Discovery Learning model according to syntax includes providing stimulation, problem statement/identification, data collection, data processing. proof (verification), drawing conclusions/generalization (generalization). The objectives of this research are (1) To find out how to improve student learning outcomes through Discovery Learning for Class VIII SMP Negeri 6 Sibolga. (2) Knowing the increase in achievement targets through the Discovery Learning model in Class VIII of SMP Negeri 6 Sibolga. The type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach. Data collection techniques in this research use tests, observation and documentation. The data analysis technique used is comparative descriptive, namely comparing the test scores for action 1 and the test scores after action 2 and then reflecting on them. The research results can be concluded that the Discovery Learning model can improve learning outcomes for class VIII Catholic Religious Education at SMP Negeri 6 Sibolga. This is mainly because through the discovery learning model students learn directly to find new understanding through learning activities designed with various sources. The interaction and communication between teachers and students and communication between students really supports learning activities.

Times are always changing, so education should be carried out in accordance with the demands of these changes. If education is not adapted to changing times, the results will be outdated. Graduates will not be able to adapt. The Merdeka Curriculum is a concrete example of how change and innovation in education seeks to answer future challenges. In the context of the Independent Curriculum, Catholic religious and ethical education in Indonesia focuses on developing religious understanding, moral values ​​and Catholic spirituality for students. The Merdeka Curriculum emphasizes six Pancasila student profiles. And in this classroom action research, the researcher focuses on the dimensions of critical reasoning. The problem is that educators are accustomed to using the lecture method, so that students are less actively involved in the learning process. Based on the problem conditions above, educators can provide learning experiences by designing Problem Based Learning (PBL) learning models. The aim of the research is to find out how the use of the PBL model in improving critical reasoning on the material of the Church as the People of God and the nature of the One Church contributes to improving the learning outcomes of students in class XI AKL 1 SMK PL Tarcisius Semarang. The type of research used is qualitative with a descriptive approach.

Good education is the main foundation for the progress of a nation. In the era of globalization and intensified competition, the good education is the key to prepare the young generation to face the challenges of the future. Through the good education, young people are given the opportunity to develop their creative thinking, problem-solving and technological skills needed in the face of a rapidly changing world. Furthermore, good education is also an important pillar in a democratic system. Young people who receive a good education tend to have the ability to think critically, analyzing information, and participate actively in the political process. Recognising the importance of education, the Indonesian nation pays much more attention to the issue of education, even the objectives are increasingly refined. This is in accordance with the provisions contained in the preamble of the 1945 Constitution. Broadly speaking, education is an effort to educate the nation's life in order to become a whole human being with the spirit of Pancasila. The Law of the Republic of Indonesia No. 20 of 2003 on the National Education System also states as follows: "National education functions to develop abilities and form the character and civilisation of a dignified nation in order to educate the nation's life, aims to develop the potential of students to become human beings who are faithful and devoted to God Almighty, have noble character, are healthy, knowledgeable, capable, creative, independent, and become democratic and responsible citizens". Realising how important the value of education is for human life, the researcher feels called to conduct research on educational issues that occur in the school where the researcher works as an educator, namely Saint John Catholic High School, BSD. This research was conducted to determine the extent to which the Problem-Based Learning (PBL) model has an impact on the learning process at Saint John Catholic School High School both in activity and student learning outcomes.  This process will be conducted in two stages, namely cycle I and cycle II. In each cycle there will be four steps: action planning, action implementation, observation and reflection. The implementation of cycle I ended with a reflection that showed that student activity and student learning outcomes had not yet achieved results in accordance with the minimum standards set. The reflection carried out in cycle I is the basis for evaluation for improvement in the action process in cycle II. In the process of class action in cycle II, the results were known to be very good, thus the action process stopped in cycle II. The satisfactory results in cycle II are the basis for making the conclusion that the application of problem-based learning models is very suitable for improving learning activities and learning outcomes of Saint John Catholic School grade XI students.

The aim of this research is to find out the meaning of worship that generation z feels in worship. This shows how important it is to respect God in worship, making God the center of worship. The meaning of worship can also be felt when we come to worship with the aim of establishing a relationship with God and others. The method used in this research is qualitative with a descriptive approach with 10 research subjects selected to collect data in the field. The results of the research show that Generation Z experiences a lack of meaning in worship and respect in worship when taking photos during worship activities, because it interferes with concentration when listening to God's word and during worship activities. Some opinions from generation Z say that the meaning of worship that they feel when taking photos of their worship activities is not reduced because they only take photos and concentrate again on attending the worship service, because they upload the photos after returning from worship. The purpose of generation z uploading photos of their worship activities on social media is to inform their social media friends that they are attending worship and also as one of generation z's discourses to remind and invite their social media friends to come to worship.

Education creates quality independent humans who are ready to adapt and compete in facing the challenges of global development. Catholic Religious Education and Character Education is one of the subjects that helps students face these challenges with cognitive, affective and psychomotor abilities, demonstrated through increasing learning independence to achieve learning outcomes. This research aims to increase student learning independence so that learning outcomes are achieved. Seeing the situation of students at SMA Negeri 1 Pollung who lack learning independence, this has a big influence on the process of learning activities, where conduciveness is disrupted. The teaching style used by the teacher is also less creative, only centered on the teacher using the lecture method. To overcome the problem of independent learning for students, especially those who are Catholic, the use of the Problem Based Learning (PBL) model or problem-based learning is the appropriate model. The PBL model encourages students to play more of a role in learning activities and the teacher only acts as a facilitator who helps students find their own learning goals. The method used in this research is data collection by observation and assessment. Data is presented in the form of tables, diagrams, descriptions and conclusions drawn from research results. The syntax of the PBL model includes orienting students to problems, organizing students to learn, guiding individual and group investigations with discussion, presenting and developing results, analyzing and evaluating the problem solving process.

The aim of this research is to improve the activities and learning outcomes of Catholic religious education and character with the aim of learning to understand Jesus who taught forgiveness and called sinners and Jesus obeyed God, so that they are able to realize their faith in everyday life through the Discovery Learning learning model. This research is classroom action research involving 32 fifth grade students at Santa Lusia Siborongborong Private Elementary School in the 2023/2024 academic year. Actions are carried out in two learning cycles. Data was collected using observation guidelines, formative assessments in each cycle, and analyzed descriptively. The results of the research showed that in cycle I the average percentage of student learning activities was 80% with classical completeness of cognitive learning outcomes obtained at 96.77%, with an average learning outcome score of 84. In cycle II the average percentage of student learning activities was 90.63% with classical completeness of cognitive learning outcomes of 93%, with an average learning outcome score of 100. Thus, the application of the Discovery Learning learning model can increase student activity and learning outcomes.

in general from the first century to date, has a lot of deviant teaching from the Bible. Teaching that deviates and is able to shaken the faith of Christians, this can happen if Christians do not hold fast to their faith that he believes in Jesus Christ as the Savior, the research method carried out is a description that can sought how Christians understand the arrival Antichrist and how to reactly perverts, namely first: test the Spirit; Second: Know the Spirit of God and third: know the status of the Son of God.

Education is basically the main and first responsibility of parents. However, the state also has an obligation to facilitate faith education to be carried out well. One form of state support is by providing formal Catholic religious education and character education. And in the development of the world of education, curriculum changes have occurred in response to developments currently being used in the Merdeka curriculum. In the Merdeka curriculum, the values ​​of Pancasila will be emphasized. The school has implemented the Merdeka curriculum and in its implementation researchers observed and found several learning problems which also affected student learning outcomes. The main problem that must be resolved immediately is the problem of inactive student learning activity. This was also experienced by other educators, also based on several interviews and research journals. The low level of student learning activity can be overcome through a scientific approach. One of the studies                Scientific research that is suitable to be applied to problems in the classroom is classroom action research. Expected through classroom action research, the problem of low student activity can be overcome and student learning achievement can increase. Classroom action research which is conducted using the Problem base learning model. This model considered suitable for overcoming student learning problems because can meet the criteria achievement Lesson objectives. The aim of this research is to determine the extent to which students are active in learning by applying the problem based learning method in increasing student activity in learning Catholic Religion for class X at SMAK Santo Fransiskus Assisi Samarinda odd semester of the 2023/2024 academic year. This research is classroom action research which consists of two cycles, the first cycle on 26 October 2023, the second cycle carried out on 06 November. The methods used in this classroom action research are problem based learning, data collection through observation, and written tests. Active learning about Catholic religious education with the material I Am a Unique Personality. There was an increase in student learning activity from cycle I, cycle II. The data on increasing student learning activities is that in cycle I the average percentage of activity scores for all students reached 72.3%, cycle II increased to 82.6%. By increasing the results of student learning activity per individual and per indicator, it has an effect on increasing student learning outcomes, namely cycle 50%, cycle II saw an increase in students who completed their studies by 80%. The results of the research show that the problem based learning method can increase student learning activeness in Catholic religious education with the Unique Personal Me material for class 10.5 students at SMAK St. Fransiskus Assisi Samarinda odd semester 2023/2024 academic year.

This classroom action research aims to improve Catholic religious education learning using a problem based learning model with material involved in environmental conservation for class V students at SDN 39 Jelutung. In the context of the Merdeka curriculum, Catholic religious education in Indonesia is focused on developing religious understanding, moral values ​​and Catholic spirituality for students. The Merdeka curriculum places emphasis on the Pancasila student profile. In this class action research, the author focuses on the dimensions of faith, devotion to God Almighty and noble character which is based on the formation of strong character and mental attitudes in the younger generation, especially in facing complex global challenges. The students who attend SDN 39 Jelutung are students who mostly come from very simple families, with a distance of approximately 3-4 km to school, on foot. Apart from that, one of the problems faced by the world of education is the weak learning process because students are not directed enough to develop their thinking abilities, who only memorize the information given by the teacher. Students' brains are forced to remember and store various information. Classroom learning is more often teacher-centered, so students tend to be more passive in learning activities. Therefore, teachers can provide learning experiences by designing the learning process. One way is to apply the problem based learning (PBL) learning model. The Merdeka Curriculum as an alternative curriculum in overcoming learning setbacks is by preparing and implementing the learning process and developing a curriculum in schools that takes into account the needs and potential of students. The research was carried out using qualitative descriptive methods.

. The background to this research highlights the lack of effectiveness of the learning methods applied in class IV phase B for Catholic Religious Education (PAK) subjects in stimulating the development of students' critical reasoning. In facing this challenge, classroom action research was carried out by applying the Problem Based Learning (PBL) Learning Model. This research aims to improve students' critical reasoning abilities and achieve the set learning targets. With quantitative methods, research was carried out through two cycles. The results of the first cycle showed an increase in students' critical reasoning by 73.5%, with a number of students reaching advanced and proficient levels. The second cycle showed significant improvement, with students' critical reasoning reaching 86%. Learning outcomes also increased, with more students reaching advanced levels. The implications of these findings illustrate that the application of Problem Based Learning is effective in improving students' critical reasoning and achieving the desired learning targets.