This study aims to analyze the enforcement of law within the limits of religious tolerance based on the criminal justice system and constitutional regulations in Indonesia. It evaluates how individual and environmental factors influence crime and the importance of granting tolerance to offenders who are dependents of their families. Additionally, the study examines the protection of human rights in the context of religious freedom as stipulated in the 1945 Constitution of the Republic of Indonesia. The methodology used is library research, involving the review of journals, legislation, and related materials. The findings indicate that the protection of human rights, including religious tolerance, is crucial for fostering interfaith harmony and maintaining peace within Indonesia's diverse society. The study emphasizes the need for effective constitutional regulations to ensure religious tolerance and social harmony in Indonesia.
 
 

This research discusses the Implementation and Inhibiting Factors of Rehabilitation of Children as Drug Users at the Gorontalo Children's Special Development Institution. The method used in the research is empirical with qualitative descriptive data analysis which describes and describes data and facts in the field. Based on the results of the research, the implementation of rehabilitation for children as drug users at the Gorontalo Province Special Child Development Institute is carried out through several stages, namely medical rehabilitation which begins with assessments and interviews as well as observations to examine the body and psychology in order to obtain information and history of narcotics addicts as supporting material for subsequent therapy. After the assessment, the next step is a routine examination process every 2 weeks by a health team or doctor, and administering medication according to the type of drug and the severity of the symptoms caused; Non-medical rehabilitation by carrying out a mental (spiritual) development process which is carried out routinely every day, in collaboration with religious foundations; and Social Rehabilitation by creating groups consisting of several people who have the same problem, then training in their skills to make work or crafts that have (economic) value. The Inhibiting Factors for Implementing Rehabilitation for Children who Use Drugs at the Gorontalo Province Special Development Institution for Children are limited human resources for officers; Limited Operational Funds; limited facilities and infrastructure, and lack of community support.Therefore, LKPA should continue to increase efforts to develop children so that they do not do similar things again in the future, by preparing rehabilitation infrastructure, including increasing competent and professional assistant staff. The community, especially families, must continue to provide full support for the process of coaching their children who are dealing with legal processes such as drugs, for the sake of the future of the nation and state.

This research was conducted at the Baun weekly market. The background to this research is markets that should provide quality, clean and halal food, however carrying out trade in animal meat that does not comply with sales standards. The problem studied is animal husbandry procedures in selecting livestock for farming slaughter at the baun market and the role of supervisor and responsibilities of the district livestock service Kupang, the role of breeders in terms of consumer protection regarding the sale of animal meat (Cow and Pork) at the baun market. This research uses empirical methods or methods with data obtained from direct interviews in the field. 1) Procedures for cattle breeders and pigs to be slaughtered according to procedures and supervised directly by the livestock service Kupang Regency and the quality of the meat produced is safe and high quality at the Baun market. 2) Supervision of animals and animal meat (beef and pork) is carried out by veterinarians, breeders, Kupang district livestock service, BPOM, health service, (LPPOM MUI), (BPKN), (LSPK), market foremen, and sub-district/district governments.

This article investigates the adverse impacts of unintentional or operational ship discharges on marine ecosystems and elucidates the significance of Particularly Sensitive Sea Areas (PSSA) as an approach to safeguard the marine environment from international shipping activities. Focusing on IMO resolutions and the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea (UNCLOS) framework, the article analyzes the PSSA concept, underscores its role in pollution prevention, and explores inherent limitations. Specifically, it delves into the legal status of PSSA, the binding nature of IMO resolutions, and implementation challenges. Through in-depth analysis, the author concludes the necessity for revising PSSA resolutions to enhance legal clarity and effectiveness in marine environmental protection.
 
 

 
Medical services are the object of forgiveness for treatment and care. So efforts to improve people's living standards in the health sector, is a comprehensive necessity including improving public health physically and non-physically. In this case, the patient is someone who receives medical treatment. The patient's right as a recipient of medical services is to obtain information on medical services to find out the results of the examination/diagnosis that has been carried out by the medical team and the right to know what action the patient must receive.
 

Sexual Violence against children is a serious problem that requires in-depth attention in the context of legal protection of victim. In the case of Herry Wirawan, involving 13 (thirteen) victims of sexual assault in Bandung, has raised controversy over the reimbursement charged to the state. In it’s ruling, the chamber of Judges of PN Bandung sentenced Herry Wirawan to life sentence and ordered the payment of restitution to the victims. However, there are questions about the legality of the payment of restitution, especially since the perpetrators have been sentenced to life imprisonment, which is incompatible with Article 67 2023 of the Covenant. This study uses a normative approach to analyze this problem, focusing one the case of Herry Wirawan. The result showed a gap between the legal process and the victim’s need to obtain adequate compensation for the suffering they suffered. In addition, there are problems related to the minimality of the claim for restitution made by the victim and the implementation of restitution that is not always smooth. Implementation of restitution in legal practice still faces a minimum victim awareness and understanding of their rights as well as the perpetrator’s ability to pay restitution. The study highlights the need to raise victim awareness, improve law enforcement mechanism, and provide adequate support service. In addition, recommendations for improvement of relevant policy or legal practice are also identified. It is hoped that this research can contribute to understanding the complexity of the restitution process in cases of sexual violence in Indonesia and provide a basis for improving legal protection for victims.

One of the efforts to resolve crimes that occur in people's lives is not only through law enforcement efforts, but through a restorative justice approach that is different from the conventional criminal justice system, where this approach emphasizes the direct participation of perpetrators, victims and the community in the process of resolving criminal cases. The aims of this study are (1) to find out the application of restorative justice in narcotics cases in Indonesia; (2) To find out the legal considerations of restorative justice in narcotics cases in Indonesia. Empirical normative research type. Normative legal research (applied law research) is research that uses normative legal case studies in the form of legal behavior products. This study uses a qualitative analysis method, which is in the form of an in-depth interpretation of legal materials as is usually the case with normative legal research. In carrying out the application of restorative justice in narcotics cases in Indonesia, it has been carried out well from a procedural point of view. Basically, criminal cases can be stopped at the stage of investigation and/or investigation based on restorative justice only on crimes that are not serious crimes. Legal considerations of restorative justice in narcotics cases in Indonesia, namely by balancing the interests of various parties (perpetrators, victims, society and the State); Non-compliance with the guidelines and basic principles that have been formulated on the basis of the principles of "human development, mutually, empathy, responsibility; respect and fairness”; The feelings of victims who feel they are experiencing "re-victimization" because they feel pressured; Attempts from the formal criminal justice system to take over the restorative justice movement.

Contract work in construction is one of the common forms of work performed in the construction industry. In contract work, workers are hired to complete construction projects within a specified timeframe and agreed-upon cost. However, there are often cases where contract workers experience delays or wage payment postponements. The research aims to analyze the legal protection for contract workers in the construction industry concerning delayed wage payments. In Indonesia, there are labor regulations that govern the rights and obligations of workers, including wage payments. If there is a delay in wage payment, workers have the right to file a lawsuit or report the violation to the authorities. This research adopts a qualitative research method, analyzing data and gathering information from various sources. Legal protection plays a crucial role in safeguarding workers. Some relevant legal roles include employment agreements, which enable workers to enter into contractual agreements with employers that protect their rights.

In maintaining the security of personal data in the digital era, it is very important to remember that personal data can be used by unauthorized parties for various purposes. This is like the notary profession which is now required to be able to maintain the security of each client's data. Notaries can participate in recording important digital documents, such as deeds and contracts, which can help prevent manipulation. Due to the problems that occur, of course the role of the notary in maintaining data security must be considered, especially in transactions and legal documents. Even though the digital world has changed the way many transactions are carried out, the role of notaries still plays an important role in ensuring the validity, integrity and security of digital documents. Notaries can witness and certify contracts and digital legal documents, making them legally valid. The aim of this research is to explain and analyze the role of notaries in maintaining the security of personal data in the digital era. The approach used in this research is a juridical-empirical approach. The results of this research are that the role of notaries in maintaining data security in the digital era has an important role in validating digital signatures. By verifying identity and ensuring that digital signatures are valid, notaries help ensure security in digital transactions. In addition, notaries can also provide digital certificates that confirm the validity of digital signatures and electronic documents. This certificate is a strong proof of authentication. This is proof that the Notary ensures that digital transactions comply with applicable laws, including data privacy regulations and cyber security regulations. This helps keep data secure.

This research aims to evaluate the response of law enforcement officials to 4,444 cases of criminal acts of gambling via electronic media in Indonesia. The approach in this research refers to legal norms contained in legal regulations and literature, involving normative legal analysis and a qualitative approach. The research results show that law enforcement policies against criminal acts of gambling via electronic media need to be regulated and integrated in the legal field, as well as developing new laws. The use of these legal instruments is considered important to support development in various sectors, which depends on development needs, community legal awareness, and their views on behavioral assessment. In imposing sentences on perpetrators of gambling crimes, a general minimum criminal system and a special maximum criminal system are applied. However, in this system, judges do not have complete freedom to determine the appropriate type of punishment, but must follow the provisions for criminal intimidation regulated in law. In conclusion, to eradicate criminal acts of gambling via electronic media in Indonesia, it is necessary to increase the quality and quantity of Information Technology and Electronic Equipment (ITE) investigators at the National Police and National Police Headquarters levels, especially because law enforcement officers face difficulties identifying online gambling brokers who use fake identities and catch them effectively.