This study aims to describe the ability of sixth-grade elementary school students in understanding and writing explanatory texts. The method used in this research is a qualitative approach with descriptive techniques. The subjects of the study were five sixth-grade students selected purposively. Data were collected through a 10-item multiple-choice test. The results showed that three students achieved perfect scores (10 correct), one student answered 9 correctly, and another answered 8 correctly. In the writing task, all students were able to compose explanatory texts with appropriate structure. However, weaknesses were found in the linguistic features, particularly in the use of causal conjunctions and scientific terminology. These findings indicate that students have a good grasp of the basic concept of explanatory texts but require further guidance in mastering linguistic elements.

The implementation of inclusive education in Indonesia aims to provide educational facilities and services for children with special needs (ABK). Inclusive education has been implemented in various schools, especially in big cities, but still faces various challenges in its implementation. This study aims to describe the problems faced by schools that provide inclusive education in North Sumatra and their resolution efforts. The objects in this study include public schools and special schools that integrate inclusive education. This study uses a qualitative approach, with data collection techniques through interviews, observations, and documentation. The data obtained are explained through the process of data reduction, data presentation, and drawing conclusions. Various problems arise, ranging from the lack of number and competence of special guidance teachers (GPK), difficulties for students in following lessons, lack of school readiness to run inclusive programs, to limited facilities and infrastructure that do not support the needs of children with special needs (ABK). In addition, low cooperation between schools, education offices, and parents is also an obstacle to the implementation of effective inclusive education.
 

In the learning process in class X of SMK majoring in Fashion Design, there are Basic Elements of Fashion Design which cover various topics. One of the topics taught is about the parts and forms of clothing. The teaching method applied is appropriate, but there needs to be development of the learning media used, namely e-modules, to make it easier for educators and students during the teaching and learning process. For this study, the Research and Development method was used by applying the ADDIE model through a series of steps, namely analysis, design, development, implementation, and evaluation. These stages are carried out to collect information about user needs, followed by development activities to create products. The findings of this study indicate that the level of validity of the e-module based on the assessment of media experts, material experts, and language experts reached an average of 3.28, falling into the very valid category. The results of classical student learning on the use of e-modules as learning media got 93.3% and were categorized as very good. Student responses to the e-module learning media regarding parts and forms of clothing recorded a score of 79.8% which was also in the very good classification. Therefore, it can be concluded that the e-module on clothing parts and forms is very valid for use in teaching because it is able to optimize student learning outcomes.

Student-Centered Learning (SCL) is a learning approach that is centered on students, in this approach educators act as facilitators in the learning process. This approach focuses on the active involvement of students in the teaching and learning process, encouraging them to build their own knowledge through exploration, discussion, and collaboration. Therefore, the author conducted a study on how the Student-Centered Learning approach can increase student self-confidence. The research method used is a quantitative research method with a questionnaire as the main instrument for collecting data. The questionnaire was compiled using a Likert scale, which allows respondents to provide an assessment of various statements related to the effectiveness of the student-centered approach in learning. The majority of students support the implementation of Student-Centered Learning because it increases their confidence in speaking, asking questions, expressing opinions, completing academic assignments, and helps overcome feelings of insecurity through discussion methods and group work.

This study aims to improve listening skills to aural texts in grade III elementary school students through the use of audio-visual media. With the presence of audio-visual media, it is hoped that students' motivation and concentration levels during the learning process can increase. This study uses a qualitative descriptive method, with data collection techniques through tests that assess cognitive aspects and non-test methods such as observation and documentation. The use of audio-visual animated films is expected to help students concentrate more and pay full attention to the material being taught. In addition, a fun learning approach is also expected to increase students' interest and enthusiasm in participating in learning activities.

This study aims to determine the effect of using flashcard media in Arabic language learning, specifically in mastering mufrodat (vocabulary), among tenth-grade students at SMA Nurul Jadid. The research employed a quantitative approach with a quasi-experimental design involving two classes as the experimental and control groups. The instruments used were pretest and posttest assessments. Data analysis results showed a significant increase in posttest scores in the experimental group compared to the control group. The average posttest score of the experimental group reached 83.4, while the control group only achieved 70.5. A t-test indicated a statistically significant difference, suggesting that flashcard media is effective in improving students’ vocabulary skills. These findings suggest that the use of interactive visual media such as flashcards can enhance student engagement and understanding in Arabic learning. This study also implies that teachers should consider using media suited to student characteristics and learning materials. However, the limited scope of participants and time of implementation are important considerations for future research. The researcher recommends developing digital media and conducting further studies at different educational levels or contexts.

This study aims to analyze the language development of early childhood through measuring Mean Length of Utterance (MLU) and identifying word classes, word types, and sentence patterns produced by children. The background of this research focuses on the importance of language as a communication tool and foundation in children's cognitive and social development. The method used was descriptive qualitative involving two subjects, Cheira Arumi Nasution and Abram Berger, aged 3 years and 2 months and 2 years and 7 months respectively. Data were collected through indirect observation techniques by recording children's speech and analyzing 100 utterances from each subject. The findings show that Cheira Arumi has an MLU of 3.48, which places her at stage IV, while Abram Berger has an MLU of 1.76, which indicates that he is at stage II. Both subjects showed that their word length was still not in line with their age standard according to MLU. This study emphasizes the importance of parents' role in providing more intensive language stimulation and reducing the use of gadgets to support children's language development.

This research aims to analyze the dynamics of the role of Indonesian language among Generation Z, with an emphasis on the use of slang language in the context of social media. Language as a means of communication holds crucial significance in social life, and its development reflects the changes in time and technology Generation Z, born between the mid-1990s and early 2010s, is a group that is highly exposed to digital media and actively engages in content creation. A descriptive qualitative method is employed to explore the impact of slang language usage on the practice of formal Indonesian language communication. The findings indicate that while slang supports the expression of identity and creativity, there is a risk of diminished understanding of formal Indonesian language. This research recommends the implementation of innovative educational campaigns and collaboration with influencers to raise awareness of the importance of proper Indonesian language usage. With the application of appropriate strategies, it is hoped that the Indonesian language can remain relevant and be effectively used by Generation Z, positioning them as agents of change in the preservation of language in the digital era.

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Generation Z grew in the midst of rapid technological developments, including the use of Characters. Al, an artificial intelligence-based platform that allows interaction with virtual characters. This article explores the role of Character. Al supports self-expression, trains social skills, and overcomes loneliness in Generation Z. Findings show that this technology can provide significant benefits, especially in aspects of mental health and communication. However, challenges such as potential dependencies and data privacy issues are also a concern. By understanding the role and impact of Character. Al, Generation Z can use this technology wisely to support their social lives.