Poetry is one of the literary genres written in a beautiful and rhythmic language, using words full of meaning and emotions. The purpose of this research is to analyze Taufiq Ismail's poem "Silhuet" using a structural approach, as poetry has a dominant aesthetic function and carries beautiful meanings. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a structural approach and data collection techniques such as reading and note-taking. The results of this research are the overall physical and inner structures in Taufiq Ismail's poem "Silhuet." The physical structure analyzed includes the form of the poem, diction, concrete words, language style, and imagery, while the inner structure analyzed includes the theme, tone, mood, and message.

Dalam wacana memerlukan adanya unsur komunikasi yang berupa sumber meliputi pembicara/penulis/pendengar; penerima meliputi pendengar/pembaca/pembicara; saluran komunikasi; pesan; dan pokok masalah. Dalam wacana memiliki ciri utama yaitu harus adanya kepaduan yang terbentuk oleh adanya kesatuan dan pertautan. Kesatuan ini berkenaan dengan pokok masalah, sedangkan pertautan itu berkenaan dengan hubungan antara bagian yang satu dan bagian yang lain, yang berupa kalimat, paragraf, dan pasal.Dalam membentuk wacana diperlukan adanya hubungan antara kata, frasa, klausa dan kalimat sehingga menjadi satu kesatuan dalam wacana yang dapat disebut dengan kohesi gramatikal; tuturan yang membentuk wacana tersebut saling berhubungan dan menghasilkan suatu makna atau arti yang saling terpadu atau membentuk satu kesatuan di dalam wacana yang dapat disebut koherensi. Dari uraian yang dikemukakan diatas, bahwa apabila  urutan dalam suatu wacana tidak jelas atau penempatan kata yang tidak sesuai atau salah maka akan menyebabkan keambiguan atau ketidakjelasan arti atau makna dan tidak koherensinya suatu wacana. Oleh karena itu, kohesi dalam suatu wacana sangat penting dalam mendukung koherensi. dipilihnya karya sastra berupa cerpen sebagai objek dalam menganalisis adalah karena cerpen termasuk ke dalam bagian dari wacana yang dikemas secara ringkas tanpa meningggalkan faktor-faktor yang membentuknya yaitu menggunakan kohesi dan koherensi supaya membentuk satu kesatuan wacana yang utuh dan padu. Sedangkan alasan peneliti secara khusus memilih cerpen berjudul “Aku Cinta Ummi Karena Allah” karya Jenny Ervina karena cerpen ini merupakan salah satu karya yang pertama kali dibuat oleh TKW yang berasal dari Petir, Serang-Banten. Selanjutnya, penelitian analisis wacana ini dapat memberikan pengetahuan mengenai permasalahan kohesi dalam unsur-unsur wacana, khususnya dalam kohesi gramatikal referensi berupa endofora yang bersifat anafora dan katafora.

The aims of the research are (1) to describe the forms of code switching contained in the content YouTube Turah Parthayana, (2) describes the form of code switching contained in the contentYouTube Turah Parthayana, (3) describes the factors that cause code switching in the contentYouTube To install Turah Parthayana.
This research is a qualitative descriptive study. This research with sociolinguistic studies focuses on aspects of code switching. The data sources in this study are three video content shows owned by Turah Parthayana. The data collection technique in this study used the free-involved viewing method.
Based on the results of the analysis, it can be concluded that the three video views are contentYouTube From that, the code switching data found was 44 data. The forms of temporary code switching and permanent code switching were both found by the researcher, namely 5 data. Forms of code switching found at the phrase level found 16 data, 10 data clause levels, 5 sentence levels, and 3 data inter-sentence levels. The factors that cause code-switching found are factors of talking about a certain topic, quoting other people, inserting interjections (expressive words of feeling, doing repetition used for clarification and intention to clarify the speaker's content to the other person

            This study aims to describe and analyze the symbolic forms, both connotative and denotative meanings contained in the Ngamuan Gunung Perak ceremony at the Dayak Maanyan traditional wedding using semiotic studies.
            The method used in this research is descriptive qualitative. The source of the data in this study was secondary data from video shows of Maanyan Dayak traditional wedding documentation. The instrument in this study is a documentation guide. Documentation guidelines are carried out by analyzing symbolic forms. The data analysis technique used in this study uses the semiotic study of Roland Barthes' theory of two-stage signification (Two orders of signification).
            The results of the research on the Ngamuan Gunung Perak procession that have been studied are sixteen symbolic forms of the existing denotative and connotative meanings. The symbolic forms are (1) the process of finding the complete silver mountain, (2) the process of finding and bringing the silver mountain to the bride and family, (3) the dance five times around the silver mountain by Wadian Bawo and Wadian Dadas, (4) Wadian calling the two the parents of the bride and groom, (5) lifting the silver mountain three times, (6) dancing nine times around the silver mountain by the bride and family, (7) Sangku, (8) Weah, (9) Pasike Tree, (10) Taringit , (11) Taringit's highest peak, (12) Silver money, (13) Banknotes, (14) Paper money at the end, (15) Junyung bowl, and (16) candles.

The aim of this research is to describe how the acculturation of Minangkabau culture influences Chinese ethnicity. Cultural acculturation can occur in all levels of society thanks to intercultural communication in society. This research was conducted in Padang City, Pondok Pondok Village, West Padang District. The research method used is a qualitative descriptive method, which describes research based on a description of the actual situation. Informants were determined using a "purposive sampling technique". In data collection techniques through interviews, observation and documentation. The results of this study indicate that the influence of acculturation of Minangkabau culture on Chinese ethnicity can be demonstrated in ethnic Chinese marriages in Padang City by the practice of throwing turmeric rice. Then the ethnic Chinese of the city of Padang also adhere to the Minangkabau philosophy, namely "Dima Bumi Stepped on, Disina Langik Dijjuang" which means they must be able to adapt to their environment, and the bulek philosophy aia dek pambuluah bulek kato deck mufakat means deliberation and consensus.

The RASAILAHDAKU program is an innovative program that aims to improve people's welfare through the use of social institutions. This program is implemented in the city of Padang, which is the capital of the province of West Sumatra in Indonesia. The background of this program is the need to overcome the problem of poverty and social inequality in the city of Padang. Even though this city has great economic potential, there are still many people who live below the poverty line and do not have adequate access to the resources needed to improve their welfare. Researchers will describe the information and research findings related to the Implementation of the Rasailah Daku Program for Street Children in the City of Padang, using the results of the information and findings from the process of observation, interviews and library research. The data and results of the research will be broken down into 2 parts of the review, namely the process of the feel me program as a prosecution of street children and the results of the feel me program. In the RASAILAHDAKU program for the further development of street children in the city of Padang, there is an important role for various social institutions. These institutions work together in order to provide guidance, protection and services to street children in order to improve their quality of life. The expected results of this program are reducing the number of street children who are involved in wrong associations, increasing the value of social solidarity and a sense of child nationalism, as well as increasing the knowledge and skills of children as the next generation.
 

This study aimed to describe the implementation of storytelling on students' speaking skills. The method used in this study is qualitative descriptive, with the object of a teacher and students of class X MA Assalam Senior High School. The Instruments of this study are observation and interview. The researcher used observation and interviews with the teacher to collect the data to answer the first research questions. The researcher also interviewed the teacher to get additional information. Then, the researcher conducted the interview with  five students to answer the second research question. The findings of the observations and interviews are almost the same as the step in Jianing's methods, such as choosing the content, separating students into various groups, evaluating the student's performance, and delivering them some feedback at the end of the meeting. The teacher explained that applying storytelling technique in teaching speaking makes students more interested in learning English because they learn about descriptive text. Moreover, the storytelling technique is positively received by most students. The interview with five students showed that students actively participated during teaching activities. It could be concluded that storytelling techniques improved students' vocabulary, confidence, and enjoyment of studying English.

The purpose of this research is to: 1) is to find out the structure of the novel (characters, plot, and setting) that builds the storytelling in the novel Bukan Pasarmalam by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. 2) Is to know the social values contained in the novel Bukan Pasarmalam by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. 3) is to know the moral values in the novel Bukan Pasarmalam by Pramoedya Ananta Toer. 4) is to find out the relevance between the novel Bukan Pasarmalam and learning Indonesian language and literature in high school. This research method uses content analysis method, using a qualitative approach. With the method used, this study found the results that: 1) The structure of the novel Bukan Pasarmalam describes people's lives in Indonesia before and after independence. In this novel, Pramoedya describes the sadness, suffering and difficulties of the post-independence Indonesian people. 2) the findings and results of the analysis of this novel, it is known that the novel Bukan Pasarmalam contains social values through social interactions within the family and society. These values include: the value of affection, the value of compassion, the value of protection, the value of religiosity, the value of caring, the value of equality, the value of togetherness, the value of sincerity. 3) The moral values contained in the character I are in the form of behavior that most are worthy of being an example for everyone such as being responsible, patient, guarding one's tongue, and being religious. 4) The social values and moral values in the novel Bukan Pasarmalam can be relevant to the 2013 curriculum for Indonesian language and literature subjects in class XI high schools, there is material about analyzing the intrinsic and extrinsic elements of literary works, one of which is Indonesian novels which contain values cultural, social, moral, historical, and religious with basic competencies: identifying life values contained in a collection of short stories and analyzing messages from two fiction books (novels and poetry), while the learning materials: short stories, short story contents, values life, short story intrinsic elements, novel elements and reviews of novels.
 

            The Novel 50 Riyals: The Other Side of Indonesian TKW in Saudi Arabia by Deni Wijaya is a work about the life of Muslim converts who work as TKW. In this novel it is quite interesting to study further scientifically the lives of women working abroad. Therefore, the writer is interested in studying the social values ​​contained in the novel 50 Riyals: The Other Side of Indonesian TKW in Saudi Arabia. The aims of this study were (1) to describe the social value of the main character's affection in the novel 50 Riyals on the Other Side of Indonesian TKW in Saudi Arabia by Deni Wijaya, (2) to describe the social value of the main character's social responsibility in the novel 50 Riyals on the Other Side of Indonesian TKW in Saudi Arabia. Saudi Arabia by Deni Wijaya, and (3) describing the social value of harmony in the life of the main character in the novel 50 Riyals The Other Side of Indonesian TKW in Saudi Arabia by Deni Wijaya.
            This research uses a descriptive qualitative research type. The data was taken from reading the novel 50 Riyals: The Other Side of Indonesian TKW in Saudi Arabia by Deni Wijaya. Data collection techniques in this study were carried out using the reading and note-taking method, and then identified and analyzed based on the theory of sociology of literature. This study discusses the social values ​​contained in the novel 50 Riyals: Another Side of Indonesian TKW in Saudi Arabia by Deny Wijaya.
            The researcher found: (1) there were 10 data of social values ​​of affection, 2 data of devotion, 4 data of kinship, 1 data of caring, and 4 data of loyalty. (2) the value of social responsibility as much as 10 data including, a sense of belonging to each other as much as 3 data, empathy as much as 1 data, and discipline as much as 6 data. (3) there are 9 data on social harmony values, 7 data on tolerance, and 2 data on democracy.

The research discusses the principle of language politeness in the film Layangan Putus. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to: (1) describe the application of the maxim of wisdom in the dialogue of Layangan Putus film characters, (2) describes the application of the maxim of generosity in the dialogue of Layangan Putus film characters, (3) describes the application of praise maxims in the dialogue of Layangan Putus film characters, (4) describes the application of the maxim of humility in the dialogue of Layangan Putus film characters, (5) describes the application of the maxim of agreement in the dialogue of Layangan Putus film characters,  (6) describes the application of sympathy maxims in the dialogue of Layangan Putus film characters, and (7) describe the implications of the research results on the application of the principle of language politeness to Indonesian learning in junior high schools.
The method used in this study is a qualitative research method with a descriptive approach and data taken from the dialogue of Layangan Putus film characters. Data collection uses listening methods and note-taking techniques. Data analysis uses data reduction, data feed, and conclusion drawing.
The results of research on the application of the principle of language politeness in Layangan Putus film showed that (1) The maxim of wisdom using utterances giving help, advising, refusing help, taking, explaining, replacing the other party, calling, comforting, informing, allowing, serving, hurting the feelings of the other party, and threatening, (2) The maxim of generosity using speech intends to realize the wishes of the other party, delivering, giving food, giving gifts, obeying requests, giving fruits, and sincere, (3) The maxim of praise using utterances of praise, mocking, cursing, and berating, (4) The maxim of humility using speech intends to minimize praise and maximize self-condemnation, admit mistakes, and apologize, (5) The maxim of the agreement using utterances intending to agree, nodding the head, rejecting orders, refusing solicitations, refusing to chat, and refusing requests, (6) The maxim of sympathy using the utterances of condolences and congratulations, (7) The results of this study have implications for Indonesian learning in junior high school grade IX, especially the discussion text material in Basic Competencies 3.10 Examining opinions and arguments that support and that are contra in the discussion text related to the actual problems that are read and heard.