Immigration has become a central issue in U.S. national security policy, especially after the events of September 11, 2001. The discourse around immigration is increasing, especially in the context of national security policy, which leads to the securitization of immigration. This process constructs immigration as a security threat, which justifies a strict political and policy response. In former President Obama's perspective, U.S. immigration policy has been focused on national security since the beginning of his presidency. This emphasis is manifested through increased border surveillance and inclusive and humane immigration law enforcement through the Deferred Action for Childhood Arrivals (DACA) program. Instead, Donald Trump's administration adopted a more secure approach, focusing on border security and immigration restrictions, including a controversial border wall and travel ban. This shift reflects a broader shift in U.S. domestic politics and global perceptions. Understanding these differences provides insight into how immigration policy impacts U.S. national and public security.

MSMEs are one of the strengths in economic development in Semarang City, especially in the food sector. However, food MSMEs are the first rank that have not registered a brand. The current rise in imitation and counterfeiting of brands has made legal protection of brands an important requirement in business development. The problem in this research is how to legally protect brand rights for food MSMEs in Semarang City. This research aims to provide knowledge to food MSMEs about legal protection of brand rights so that food MSME businesses can develop with legal certainty. This research uses an empirical normative juridical approach and is descriptive analysis. The results of the research were that the Department of Cooperatives and Micro Enterprises of Semarang City provided free brand registration facilities for MSMEs that were only supported, and many problems were found related to the legal protection of brand rights in the City of Semarang..

The 3R program (reduce, reuse, recycle) is one of the programs of the Surabaya City Environmental Office in managing waste problems in Surabaya. With the population density in Surabaya, it does not rule out the possibility of a large number of waste consumption, especially plastic waste. This study aims to see the level of effectiveness of the implementation of the 3R program (reduce, reuse, recycle) in Surabaya City by the Surabaya City Environmental Office. The author looks at DLH Surabaya's efforts in improving the quality of waste management, especially plastic waste and sees what factors support the success of the 3R program in processing plastic waste in Surabaya. Plastic waste has a nature that is difficult to decompose and requires a long time even hundreds of years to decompose. Therefore, DLH Surabaya applies waste management with the 3R concept. The method used in this study is descriptive evaluative. The results of the author's research during his internship at DLH Surabaya show that waste management using the 3R concept (reduce, reuse, recycle) runs effectively as evidenced by the reduction of waste in Surabaya by around 1.5 tons of waste per day and 2 tons of plastic waste per day. The author examines using effectiveness theory according to Sugiyono in Budianni, which includes 3 effectiveness indicators, namely, Target accuracy, Socialization, Monitoring.

This research aims to analyze the liability of notaries who reject protokols from other notaries. To achieve the objectives of this research, a normative juridical research method was used. The data analysis used is qualitative data analysis. The results of the research and discussion concluded that rejecting a notary's protokol is not justified, because every notary is obliged to accept a notary's protokol from another notary, this is stated in the notary's appointment letter. The notary who holds the notary protokol only has the responsibility to secure state documents, submit minutes of the deed if needed, if there is a problem with the notarial protokol he receives, then the notary who is responsible remains the person who made the deed. Rejection of a notary's protokol is an unlawful act, this unlawful act falls into the category of administrative violation as well as the notary's code of ethics.

The phenomenon of the problem in this research is that the complaints that are often reported by customers are related to sudden blackouts for hours, the most complaints are also followed by APP/KWH meter disturbances which are usually caused by the PLN server having an error or problem.The purpose of this study was to analyze the performance of bright PLN in responding to complaints in Batam City, to find out what PLN customer complaints were, to find out customer satisfaction related to bright PLN's performance. The approach used in this research is descriptive and qualitative research. A qualitative approach is a research technique that produces descriptive data in the form of written/oral words about individuals or observed behavior. This approach aims holistically on the background and the individual. Qualitative descriptive research is to describe the informants' opinions as they are in accordance with the research questions. The focus in this study, the authors put more emphasis on one main indicator to assess the performance of Bright PLN Batam City employees. The indicator is Responsiveness. Data collection techniques in this study were interviews, observation, documentation review. Informants in this study amounted to 14 people.

This research aims to determine the Juridical Analysis of Intellectual Property Rights Protection in the Mobile Legend and League of Legend Games from an Indonesian Legal Perspective, based on the title raised in this research. This research uses a type of normative juridical research. The process of collecting data from the objects studied in this research uses primary, secondary and tertiary techniques. The data obtained by this research uses a qualitative method which explains the relationship between variables and generalizes the social phenomena studied.The results of this research show that online gaming has become a rapidly growing industry with many opportunities and challenges related to intellectual property rights and the development of the online gaming industry has also brought complex issues related to copyright, trademarks and patents involving various elements. unique in online games. therefore, the role of intellectual property rights in protecting creative works in games, encouraging innovation, and overcoming violations of intellectual property rights. So it is important to collaborate between online game developers, players and the government in creating a clear and fair legal framework to protect intellectual property rights in online games.

Public service is one of the main roles of the government to meet the needs of its people. The implementation of public services will also adapt according to the needs of the community and develop in line with changes in social life. This makes the government always try to foster motivation in creating effective and efficient services so as to provide convenience for the public. The purpose or research of this is to find out and explain how the implementation of One For Eleven Innovation in Solok City and to know and analyze the inhibiting factors that influence the implementation of One For Eleven innovation seen from product innovation, process innovation, research method innovation, strategy or policy innovation and system innovation . This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive approach. The results of the One For Eleven innovation research in Solok City based on indicators of innovation are included in an innovation. This innovation is included in product innovation because there is a renewal of service media, including in process innovation where there are differences in service flow. This innovation is also included in the innovation of service methods where changes in service delivery. This innovation includes strategy or policy innovation because it has a vision, mission and goal of forming an innovation from the existing reality. In addition, this innovation is also included in system innovation, namely the existence of novelty in the interaction of implementing actors in managing innovation, but the implementation of innovation and its utilization by the community is not optimal because there are still many prospective brides who do not know about this innovation. The lack of socialization of innovation by implementers to the community so that there are still many people who do not know about this innovation. Then the difference in the domicile of the bride and groom as a requirement in obtaining this innovation has caused not all bride and groom to receive the One For Eleven innovation service. Lack of coordination between implementing agencies causes executors not to understand their duties.
 

This research aims to find out how the crime of raping minors is handled. This research is empirical legal research by presenting field facts as the main data, which are then analyzed descriptively qualitatively. The research results show that the handling of criminal acts, especially those related to sexual intercourse, is usually left to the parents of the victim or perpetrator. The sexual intercourse referred to is when the perpetrator and victim have sexual relations on the basis of mutual consent and it is disputed by the victim's family. What is the PPA unit of the Gorontalo City Police doing in terms of making peace efforts, because considering that the perpetrators of this crime are still children, protection measures must also be taken so that the children can grow and develop and return to normal activities in society. This handling includes receiving complaint reports, the investigation and case investigation stage, the file transfer stage and providing protection for victims. Law enforcers need to consider implementing the concept of restorative justice in minor cases in accordance with existing provisions, but not in cases of rape or sexual violence, especially against children. Apart from that, the community, especially parents and families, are as far as possible against peace efforts to marry the victim to the perpetrator, because it can trigger other problems and prevent repetition of criminal acts and other violence that the victim will receive.

This research refers to violations during the campaign period, specifically this settlement is regulated in Bawaslu Regulation Number 8 of 2018 concerning settlement of election administrative violations. The problem in implementing the campaign in this study is violations during the campaign. Violations of these rules will be considered criminal offenses and are subject to imprisonment for a maximum of 2 years. The research method used in this research is to use a qualitative descriptive approach with primary and secondary data sources as well as using data collection techniques by observation, interviews, and documentation. The theory in this study refers to Ansell and Gash namely, the results of the research show that in the first indicator, face-to-face dialogue is carried out with coordination meetings at a scheduled time, so that when campaigns reduce violations, fraud, violence and threats in the field. The second indicator of building trust is communication between organizers, supervisors and security personnel, and this is the keyword for successful collaboration. The third indicator is commitment to the process, namely the three parties involved carry out their roles, which means that the parties involved are committed to carrying it out. The fourth indicator in the process of mutual understanding is that the organizers, supervisors and security forces understand each other about the handling of violations during the campaign period. The fifth indicator is that the interim results in collaboration are carried out by the parties continuously trying to fulfill them properly, the interim results produce solutions and hopes from all parties by providing what is best for this country, and the creation of elections that are safe, peaceful and reduce fraud. The conclusion of this study is that the handling of campaign violations in the Riau Archipelago province will continue to be improved and improved and tighten supervision so that unwanted things do not occur and quality elections will be achieved.

Giro is a modern payment instrument that is currently very widely used in Indonesia because of the ease and security of transactions of buying and selling in a large amount of money. With the Giro masyarakar no longer worry so much money when buying and selling transactions. But because of weak laws governing the Giro, the system of banking that is not good to make Giro much abused in the world trade in Indonesia as ever used for fraud, breach of contract and even being sold paper giro already closed the account but not withdrawn by the Bank concerned, here the Bank's role is very important, but in reality only a Bank Account provider or manager of the Giro and only a block accounts Giro Giro when the Kosong.pengadilan also in deciding the case on the Giro this could happen fault and most of the cases the Giro go to the District Court of the plaintiff's money is not returned and the plaintiffs continue to experience losses. This is what makes Giro is irrelevant used as means of payment in Indonesia.