This study examines the effectiveness of organic fertilizers in improving the quality and yield of cucumber (Cucumis sativus L.) plants through a comprehensive literature study. A systematic review was conducted on recent scientific publications that discuss various types of organic fertilizers, including chicken manure, bokashi, organic liquid fertilizer, and eco-enzyme. The research method used a literature study approach by analyzing articles from 2020-2024, focusing on the effectiveness of organic fertilizers in increasing the growth and productivity of cucumber plants.The results showed that organic fertilizers do not merely provide nutrients, but transform as agents of soil ecosystem regeneration. Each type of organic fertilizer has a unique mechanism in influencing plant growth, including increased microbiological activity, optimization of soil structure, and stimulation of the root system. Variations in plant responses depend on genotype, fertilizer composition and environmental conditions. The research resulted in practical recommendations for sustainable organic fertilization strategies, emphasizing the importance of a precision and holistic approach in cucumber crop nutrient management. The findings make a significant contribution in the development of sustainable agriculture.

One alternative to increase plant growth and improve soil quality sustainably is organic fertilizer. Based on previous studies, this study discusses how organic fertilizer affects plant growth and soil quality. The results of the study indicate that organic fertilizer can increase plant growth by providing nutrients gradually and supporting the activity of soil microorganisms responsible for decomposing organic matter. The use of organic fertilizers has also been shown to improve soil structure, increase water retention capacity, and enrich it. However, there are several obstacles when using organic fertilizers, such as longer decomposition times and inconsistent nutrient levels. Therefore, efforts to optimize the use of organic fertilizers must be carried out continuously to increase their capacity to support sustainable agriculture.
 

This study aims to determine the marketing strategy of sangkuriang catfish seeds (Clarias gariepinu var) in Tawamelewe Village, Uepai District, Konawe Regency using SWOT analysis. The respondents in this study were the owner of a catfish hatchery, Mr. Nengah Sama. The results of the analysis of the sangkuriang catfish hatchery business began in 2013 with a pond area of ??20 ares, until now in 2024 with a pond area of ??2 ha. The business capital is IDR 3,000,000-5,000,000. up to the current capital of IDR 30,000,000.-50,000,000. The monthly income of UPR Nengah Surya mina reaches IDR 6,000,000.- IDR 8,000,000. if demand is high, the monthly income reaches IDR 8,000,000.- IDR 10,000,000. The results of internal and external factors, the strength factor of the Sangkuriang Catfish Seedling Business in Tawamelewe Village, Uepai District is superior compared to its weaknesses. The opportunity factor in the current condition is quite large compared to its threats. The Sangkuriang Catfish Seedling Business in Tawamelewe Village, Uepai District is currently in Quadrant I, a company that is in quadrant I is a very profitable situation. The company has opportunities and strengths so that it can take advantage of existing opportunities. The strategy that can be done is by supporting aggressive business growth.

This study aims to identify the marketing channels of spring onions and analyze the efficiency of spring onion marketing in the research area. The population in this study were all farmers in Linonggasai Village, Wonggeduku Barat District, Konawe Regency who grow spring onions and marketing institutions, namely 10 farmers, 4 collectors and 5 retailers, farmer samples were taken by census and trader samples used the snowball sampling method. Based on the results of field research, it can be concluded that; the marketing channels for spring onions in this research area are farmers to collectors to retailers and then to consumers. The margin obtained by collectors is IDR 10,000 / kg with a profit of IDR 8,500 / kg. While the margin obtained by retailers is IDR 10,000 / kg with a profit of IDR 8,900 / kg. The efficiency value of the spring onion marketing channel in the research area is efficient with a marketing efficiency level obtained by collectors of 2.5% and retailers of 1.5%, and the farmer share received by farmers is 72%.

This research will be conducted in all sub-districts in Larompong District, namely 13 sub-districts. The results of the study indicate that the level of satisfaction of rice farmers with the quality of agricultural extension services in Larompong District, Luwu Regency is in the satisfied category based on 15 attributes of questions answered by respondent farmers where the attribute with the highest level of farmer satisfaction is that extension workers conduct field visits to meet or attend meetings with farmers and farmer groups. The level of interest and performance towards agricultural extension services in Larompong District, Luwu Regency based on the analysis of Performance and Information In general, it shows that the level of performance of agricultural extension workers in Larompong District, Luwu Regency is satisfactory. Furthermore, from the results of the calculation of the gap between interests and performance, the gap in each service attribute is positive with a difference between performance and interests of 1.10 out of 5.0. This means that the satisfaction felt by farmers is greater than the performance of extension workers towards the interests of farmers. Based on the results of multiple linear regression, the independent variables that have a significant effect on the dependent variable are the variables Age, Education and Experience on the level of farmer satisfaction with extension services.