This study aims to explore innovative learning strategies in fostering students' critical thinking skills. Critical thinking skills are increasingly essential in today’s complex and challenging era. Approaches such as Problem-Based Learning (PBL), Project-Based Learning (PjBL), as well as open discussions and debates, are capable of encouraging students to think analytically, logically, and reflectively. These strategies emphasize the active role of students in the learning process—not merely as recipients of information, but also as seekers and processors of knowledge. Teachers serve as facilitators who create a learning environment that supports exploration and problem-solving. The evaluation of critical thinking skills is conducted through instruments such as rubrics, Higher Order Thinking Skills (HOTS) questions, and analytical essay tests, which allow for an in-depth assessment of students' abilities. The findings show that innovative learning is more effective than conventional methods in developing critical thinking skills. Therefore, these strategies are worth implementing widely in the education system to prepare students to face future challenges critically, creatively, and adaptively.

This study aims to desribe speech difficulties n children aged 4-5 years at TK Al-Khairat Kindergarten, Gorontalo City. The researcher employed a qualitative research method focusing on the speech diffuculties experienced by children. The study subjects were three children and their parents at TK Al-Khairat Kindergarten in Gorontalo City, Data was collected through interviews and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data reducation, data ranging from poor arculation to difficulties in understanding and using vocabulary. The causes influencing these difficulties include motor speech disorders such as apraxia, lack of supportive social interactions, and familly communication patterns. These speech difficulties significantly impact the children’s social-emosional development, such as low self-concept and difficulties building social-emotional development, such as low self-concept and difficulties building social relationship. The study highlights the importance of early detection and appropriate intervention to help children overcome speech difficulties, ultimately supporting their social, emotional, and academic development.

This research is entitled "The effect of outdoor learning on environmental care attitudes in group B children aged 5-6 years at PAUD Ar-Rahman, Galang Tinggi Village, Banyuasin III District, Banyuasin Regency". The problem in this study is the low attitude of caring for the environment. This study aims to find out whether there is an influence of outdoor learning on environmental care attitudes in group B children aged 5-6 years at Ar-Rahman PAUD, Galang Tinggi Village, Banyuasin III District, Banyuasin Regency. This type of research is Pre-Experimental with One Group Pre Test - Post Test design. The sample in this study amounted to 15 children consisting of 7 boys and 8 girls. The data collection technique in this study uses observation, tests and documentation. The data analysis techniques used in this study are normality test, homogeneity test, and hypothesis test. The results of the hypothesis were obtained after the initial test (pre test) and final test (posttest), then the researcher analyzes the results of the research. The results of data analysis in proving the hypothesis test were obtained tcount = 71.132 while to determine the table with a significance level of 5%, a ttable of 2.145 was obtained. So it can be concluded that > ttable calculation, Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected, which means that there is a significant influence of the use of outdoor learning on environmental care attitudes in group B children at PAUD Ar-Rahman, Galang Tinggi Village, Banyuasin III District, Banyuasin Regency.

Student discipline is very important for students, the definition of student discipline is an orderly and regular state possessed by students at school, without any violations that are detrimental either directly or indirectly to the students themselves and to the school as a whole. Disciplinary violations that occur at school are the responsibility of the principal, homeroom teacher, other teachers and also the BK teacher who is the place to help and guide students to solve any problems that exist in the individual. The purpose of the study was to obtain a profile of the discipline of Class XI students of SMA Mathla'ul Anwar Menes in the 2023/2024 Academic Year. This type of research is quantitative using a descriptive observational research design. The population in this study were all class XI students of SMA Mathla'ul Anwar Menes in the 2023/2024 Academic Year totaling 153. The Slovin sample formula, the sample in this study amounted to 60 students. The results of this study found that 21.7% of respondents had a very high level of discipline. As many as 20% of respondents have a high level of self-acceptance and 56.7% of respondents have a moderate level of discipline. From the total score obtained of 6811 and divided by 60 students, the result is 113.5 and the value of 113.5 is included in the interval 108-126 or can be categorized as an average of student discipline included in the high category.

The passing ability of class 5 B students at SDN Lidah Wetan II/462 can be improved by learning football passing material using the learning together method in PJOK learning, based on the findings of two cycles of classroom action research. The increase in football passing ability from pre-cycle, cycle I to cycle II shows this. Football passing has an average value of 62.20 in the pre-cycle. The average score increased to 67.62 in the first cycle of student assessment results, and to 77.24 in the second cycle, a quite good change. It can be seen that this increase illustrates that students' soccer passing abilities have experienced quite good changes in each process.

This research aims to determine the effectiveness of using story framework media in improving the ability to write fantasy story texts for class VII students at Junior high school 5 Cimahi. Writing fantasy story texts requires creativity, developing imagination, and the ability to organize story lines well. Based on initial observations, many students still have difficulty writing structured, creative and coherent fantasy stories. This research uses a qualitative descriptive method to describe the facts that emerged during the research through observation and questionnaires. Data was collected through observation sheets which included plot development, characterization, use of language, and creativity. Based on the results of the analysis, 39% of students achieved the Very Good category, 50% the Good category, and 11% the Poor category with an average score of 81.9, which is classified as Good. Thus, story framework media is effective in helping students develop better and more structured fantasy story text writing skills. It is hoped that this research can contribute to the development of more innovative and effective Indonesian language learning methods

This study aims to describe the creativity of children in Group B at TK State Pembina Ki Hajar Dewantoro I Kindergarten, Kota Selatan District, Gorontalo City. The research employed a qualitative method focusing on children's creativity in Group B. The study involved 24 children from Group B and one teacher as subjects. Data were collected through interviews and documentation. Data analysis was conducted through data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion drawing. The results revealed that the creativity of children in Group B at TK State Pembina Ki Hajar Dewantoro I Kindergarten, Kota Selatan District, Gorontalo City, could develop optimally based on several indicators. The first indicator, fluency, showed that most children were able to generate numerous ideas quickly and complete specific tasks efficiently. The second indicator, flexibility, indicated that children could create diverse ideas, provide varied answers, and explore alternative solutions. The third indicator, originality, revealed that children could produce unique and unconventional ideas or solutions and solve problems in an original manner. The fourth indicator, elaboration, demonstrated that children could expand their ideas and provide detailed descriptions of an object. The fifth indicator, redefinition, showed that children were capable of revisiting an object and solving problems related to it effectively.

This study analyzes variation skills as a strategy to improve the effectiveness of learning in early childhood. Early childhood has unique characteristics, such as short attention span and high curiosity, so variation in learning is essential to maintain their interest and engagement. Variation includes the use of various methods, media, teaching styles, and activities, which are adjusted to the developmental needs of children. Through a qualitative approach based on literature studies, this study found that variation in learning can improve children's learning motivation, concentration, and social and emotional skills. Variation also supports multisensory-based learning that strengthens conceptual understanding. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of training for teachers to master variation skills in learning, in order to create meaningful and enjoyable learning experiences for early childhood.

The rapid development of social media has significantly impacted the management of Islamic education, presenting both opportunities and challenges. This study aims to analyze the influence of social media on Islamic education management by employing a Systematic Literature Review (SLR) approach. The research method involves identifying, evaluating, and synthesizing relevant literature from the past ten years to understand trends, benefits, and obstacles in utilizing social media for educational purposes. A total of 50 studies were reviewed, focusing on various aspects such as communication effectiveness, student interaction, and access to learning resources. The findings indicate that social media facilitates communication efficiency, enhances student engagement, and broadens access to Islamic educational resources. It has become an essential tool in delivering content, connecting students and educators, and fostering collaborative learning. However, challenges such as misinformation, lack of regulatory policies, and student distractions require strategic solutions. The study suggests implementing internal policies, providing teacher training, and utilizing social media analytics to optimize its use. In addition, integrating social media strategies with traditional Islamic teaching methods can enhance educational outcomes. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of the role of social media in Islamic education management and offer recommendations for its effective implementation. Furthermore, the study highlights the need for further research to explore the long-term impacts of social media on Islamic education.

This study aims to determine the correlation between the teacher's role and children's social behavior at TK Dewi Sartika Kindergarten, Sipatana District, Gorontalo City. The researcher employed a qualitative research method to explore this relationship. The subjects consisted of one teacher and 13 students from the same class. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The data analysis techniques include data reduction, data presentation, and conclusion. The results describe that the correlation between the teacher's role and the social behavior of young children encompasses six aspects: 1) The teacher as an educator, for example, teaches children how to make friends, share, and collaborate through group games or class activities. 2) The teacher as a manager, for example, establishing clear classroom rules, such as taking turns speaking during discussions or respecting others' feelings. 3) The teacher, as a supervisor, guides children to resolve conflicts peacefully and teaches them how to negotiate or empathize with their peers' emotions. 4) The teacher is an innovator, for example, introducing role-play activities where children pretend to be in different professions or social situations, allowing them to practice social interactions fun and innovatively. 5) The teacher is a communicator, for example, helping children express their emotions healthily when they feel angry or sad and teaching them how to communicate with their peers. 6) The teacher is a motivator, for example, by praising and rewarding children who display positive social behavior, such as collaborating in teams, helping friends in need, or constructively resolving conflicts. This helps children feel more motivated to continue improving their social skills.