This study is to identify occupational therapy for Tunagrahita children. The purpose of writing this article is to use the literature review method, which describes the theories, findings and other research materials. The results showed that occupational therapy for children with disabilities has a good effect. The application of occupational therapy in daily life begins with determining the goals of therapy, for example, daily activities that are expected to enable children to use music therapy, buttoning clothes, caring for clothes, and making their own handicrafts.
 
 

This study aims to examine the role of sport sociology in the practice of coaching and leadership of soccer coaches, especially in the context of multicultural teams. Through a qualitative approach and in-depth interviews with a number of soccer coaches, it was found that understanding the social background, culture, and individual values ??of players is very important in creating effective interpersonal relationships in the team. The results showed that coaches who have intercultural communication skills and adaptive leadership styles tend to be successful in building strong social cohesion and solidarity among players. Social integration in a soccer team is a dynamic process, where the coach acts as a socialization agent who is able to balance diversity without causing internal conflict. These findings contribute to the development of more inclusive and socially value-oriented coaching strategies. This study also emphasizes the importance of coaching training that includes social and cultural aspects in the management of modern sports teams.

In the era of globalization that threatens the sustainability of local culture, pencak silat as a traditional Sundanese martial art has a strategic urgency in maintaining the cultural identity of the community. This study aims to analyze the reciprocal relationship between pencak silat and Sundanese culture, as well as to reveal the cultural values ??reflected in the movements and rituals of pencak silat. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with ethnographic methods, the study was conducted at traditional silat schools in Garut and Tasikmalaya through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study indicate that pencak silat not only functions as a sport, but also as a symbolic system that represents values ??such as respect, patience, and spirituality, as well as a medium for cultural inheritance through narratives, music, and ceremonies. These findings strengthen the understanding of pencak silat as a complex and meaningful intangible cultural heritage. This study suggests the need for integration of pencak silat in local education and support for community-based cultural preservation policies. Further studies are recommended to expand the scope of the area and a multidisciplinary approach to enrich perspectives

The care of the dead in Islam is a fardhu kifayah obligation that every Muslim must know. However, awareness and understanding of the procedures of Tajhizul Mayit is still limited, especially among students. This study aims to integrate Tajhizul Mayit learning into the extracurricular curriculum at SMK Negeri 1 Panyabungan through lecture, demonstration, and hands-on practice methods. This activity involved 27 learners with an approach of initial observation, program design, and competency evaluation. The results showed that students experienced an increase in understanding and skills in taking care of the dead according to the guidance of Islamic law. In addition, this program also forms Islamic character, increases empathy, and social care of students. Although there were obstacles such as the lack of availability of practical tools, collaboration efforts with donors and social institutions succeeded in overcoming these obstacles. Positive responses from students and school administrators indicate that this program deserves to be a permanent part of extracurricular activities to increase the awareness and readiness of the younger generation in carrying out religious social responsibilities.

This study aims to examine the influence of sports on the mental health of students at SMKN 2 Pandeglang. Mental health is an important aspect in supporting the learning process and the development of adolescents, while sports are believed to have a positive impact on students' psychological well-being. The study uses a qualitative approach with observation and in-depth interviews conducted with students and physical education teachers at the school. The data were analyzed descriptively to understand students’ perceptions and experiences regarding sports and their mental well-being. The results show that regular participation in sports activities contributes to reducing stress, improving mood, and enhancing students’ learning concentration. In addition, sports also strengthen social relationships among students, which further supports better mental health. This study concludes that sports play a significant role in improving the mental health of secondary school students, thus schools need to encourage and facilitate sports activities optimally.

Character education through sport is becoming increasingly important in the face of dynamic socio-cultural change. The sociology of sport offers an approach to understanding sport as a social phenomenon that has a broad impact on youth character building. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method to explore the role of sport in youth character building through a sociology of sport approach. The results showed that sport can be a medium for socialization, value internalization, and identity formation. Participation in sports activities can form a physically healthy, mentally strong, and morally sound young generation. However, sports can also be a space for reproduction of negative values if not balanced with constructive social values. Therefore, the sociology of sport approach can offer strategic solutions in designing sports programs that not only pursue achievements, but also form Indonesian people with character. This research is expected to contribute to the development of character education through sports and increase awareness of the importance of the sociology of sport in shaping young people with character and integrity.

This study aims to analyze the spatial autocorrelation of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) cases in Medan City in 2023 by considering the number and density of the population. An ecological study approach was used with 21 sub-districts as the analysis unit. Secondary data were analyzed using the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) method through GeoDa software. The results show that globally there is no significant spatial autocorrelation between DHF cases and the number or density of the population. However, locally, positive spatial interactions were found in three sub-districts, namely Medan Selayang, Medan Tuntungan, and Medan Petisah. These three areas show the potential for high-risk clusters. These results indicate that the distribution of DHF in Medan City is heterogeneous and influenced by spatial and demographic factors. Therefore, DHF control requires a region-based approach and the use of geographic information systems (GIS) to support more effective and targeted public health policies.

Islamic boarding schools are traditional Islamic educational institutions that not only serve as centers for religious learning but also hold strategic potential in empowering the community economically. One tangible manifestation of the pesantren’s economic self-sufficiency efforts is the establishment of business units such as Mahira Mini Market, which operates under the auspices of Pondok Pesantren Mamba’ul Khoiriyatil Islamiyah (PP MHI) in Bangsalsari, Jember. This study aims to examine the planning and development strategies of the Mahira business as part of implementing an economic plan based on pesantren self-reliance and community empowerment. Using a qualitative approach and case study method, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving the pesantren’s caretakers and alumni. The findings show that PP MHI possesses sufficient physical, intellectual, and financial capital to support the development of the Mahira business. A SWOT analysis reveals that Mahira has strengths in terms of internal human resources and social support, but still faces challenges related to digitalization and marketing. The business development planning focuses on optimizing available resources, including activating social media managed by digitally skilled students (santri), as well as adding light services such as mobile credit top-ups and e-wallet transactions. The development strategies include sales digitalization, capacity building for santri, partnerships with MSMEs and alumni, and routine evaluations based on sharia principles and financial accountability. The study concludes that gradually strengthening the Mahira business can serve as a model of Pesantren-Owned Enterprises (BUMP) that is adaptive, sustainable, and replicable in other pesantren to strengthen the ummah’s economy.

Disinformation is one of the real threats to national stability in the digital era that needs to be addressed immediately. This study aims to analyze the role of content creators in countering disinformation in the digital era, focusing on Ferry Irwandi's content on social media. The method used is descriptive qualitative research with secondary data collection through content analysis of ten Ferry Irwandi videos. The results show that several of Ferry Irwandi’s contents feature five main thematic indicators: counter-narratives against disinformation, strengthening the narrative of national defense, digital and media literacy education, issues of tolerance and diversity, and social criticism based on national values. These findings demonstrate that defending the nation can be realized through creative, critical, and educational content, which becomes one of the key strategies in addressing the threat of disinformation in the digital space.

This research investigates the legal protection afforded to well-known trademarks against unfair competition in the digital era.  The proliferation of e-commerce and online platforms has created new challenges for trademark protection, with instances of infringement, counterfeiting, and other forms of unfair competition becoming increasingly prevalent.  This study aims to analyze the adequacy of existing Indonesian legal frameworks, including the Trademark Law and the Law on Prohibition of Monopoly and Unfair Business Competition, in addressing these challenges.  Employing a qualitative research method involving legal doctrinal analysis and case studies of relevant court decisions, the study examines the effectiveness of current legal mechanisms in protecting well-known trademarks online.  The findings reveal gaps in the legal framework and suggest areas for improvement, such as enhanced enforcement mechanisms and regulations specifically tailored to the digital environment.  The conclusion emphasizes the need for a more robust and adaptable legal framework to effectively safeguard well-known trademarks in the dynamic landscape of digital commerce