Abstract. This research aims to analyze the influence of social assistance spending and subsidy spending on poverty in North Sumatra Province. The independent variables in this research include social assistance spending and subsidy spending, while the dependent variable is poverty. The data used comes from the North Sumatra Central Statistics Agency for the 2009-2023 period, which includes data on social assistance spending, subsidy spending and the depth of poverty. The data analysis method used is multiple linear regression. The results of this research show that social assistance spending has a positive but not significant influence on poverty, while subsidy spending has a positive and significant influence on poverty. Government spending policies in the form of subsidies and social assistance still require evaluation to increase their effectiveness in reducing poverty.

The case of alleged violation of company secrets of PT Chiyoda Kogyo Indonesia, involving PT Maruka Indonesia, Hiroo Yoshida, and PT Unique Solutions Indonesia, who allegedly conspired to obtain confidential information in accordance with Article 23 of Law No. 5 Year 1999. This alleged violation caused potential financial losses of up to Rp 63 billion for PT Chiyoda Kogyo Indonesia and threatened its reputation. The protection of company secrets is crucial in maintaining a competitive advantage in an innovation-laden industry. This research explores the legal aspects and business impact of leaking sensitive information, focusing on the Trade Secrets Act (UURD) and the Antimonopoly Act, and its implications for fair business competition. The analysis is conducted through a normative legal approach, assessing the relevance of contract and property rights theories in the context of trade secret protection. In addition, it is recommended that companies implement stricter information security strategies, such as Non-Disclosure Agreement (NDA) contracts and confidentiality agreement renewals, to prevent future leaks.

Previous research has extensively observed how International Environmental Standards, commonly known as ISO 14000. However, research on the influence between X1, X2, and Y at PT. Futaba Industrial Indonesia has not been conducted before.  Therefore, this study aims to analyze the influence of the work environment and customer satisfaction on the implementation of the ISO 14000 environmental management system.  Using a quantitative approach, data were collected through questionnaires distributed to 52 respondents, consisting of employees at various levels of positions using the Simple Random Sampling technique.  The research results show that the work environment variable has a significant impact on the implementation of ISO 14000.  In addition, customer satisfaction also becomes an important factor in supporting the success of this system.  This research emphasizes the importance of good workplace environmental management and improving customer satisfaction to ensure optimal environmental sustainability through the implementation of the international ISO 14000 standards.

This research aims to determine the direct and indirect influence of leadership style and work environment on employee performance through work motivation as an intervening variable. This type of research uses quantitative because it leads to measurement methods and samples to test variables and hypotheses. The data sources in this research use primary and secondary data. The sample in the research was 31 CV employees. Timbul Jaya Motor Kediri uses a saturated sampling technique which uses all members of the population as samples. The analysis technique used is the measurement model test or outer model including the discriminant validity test, average and the structural model test or inner model which includes the R-square, Q-square test and hypothesis test.. The results of the research show that Leadership Style (X1), and Work Environment (X2), Work Motivation (Z) have a significant and positive effect directly on Employee Performance (Y) and Leadership Style (X1), and Work Environment (X2) indirectly has a significant and positive effect on Employee Performance (Y) through Work Motivation (Z) as an intervening variable. This research also shows that the coefficient of determination (R2) of employee performance variables has an influence of 88.9% in influencing leadership style and work environment variables while the remaining 11.1% is influenced by other variables not discussed in this research so that further research uses other variables outside this research. In this study, it is implemented that a company's performance factors are influenced and can be improved through leadership style and work environment variables through work motivation.
 
 

This study aims to analyze the effect of income inequality, human development index, and minimum wage on poverty in Aceh Province. It uses secondary data in the form of time series for the period 2009-2023, published by the Central Statistics Agency (BPS) of Aceh Province. The data analysis method employs multiple regression analysis using Eviews 10 software. The results show that income inequality has a negative and insignificant effect on poverty in Aceh Province. Furthermore, the human development index (HDI) has a negative and significant effect on poverty in Aceh Province. Meanwhile, the minimum wage has a positive and insignificant effect on poverty in Aceh Province. Simultaneously, income inequality, the human development index (HDI), and the minimum wage significantly affect poverty in Aceh Province.

This essay focuses on sustainable development in archipelagic nations like Indonesia and how the Green and Blue economies may work together. This study identifies and analyzes a range of ideas, policies, and practices that bring the two economies together using a qualitative methodology and a literature review technique. A Green Economy is one that prioritizes social inclusion, resource efficiency, and low-carbon development. In the meantime, there's the Blue Economy, which promotes coastal environment preservation and economic growth via responsible resource management. According to this article's literature review, today's social and environmental problems may have their answers in the merging of these two economies. Sustainable development goals (SDGs) may be achieved, human well-being can be enhanced, and Indonesia's natural resource potential can be fully used by integrating sustainability concepts from both economies. This study's findings highlight the critical need of coordinating Green Economy and Blue Economy initiatives in order to foster mutually beneficial synergies that promote ecologically conscious and socially equitable sustainable growth.

The issue of nazir waqf, which is still traditional-consumptive due to lack of knowledge about waqf and poor human resources, is one of the obstacles in the implementation of waqf legislation. The problem of naziran will be discussed in this article, along with its definition, tupoksi, professional nazir standards, challenges, and solutions. The findings of this study lead to the conclusion that morality, management, and business, along with other additional information and insights, are necessary for professional nazirs. Professional Nazirs also need to have human skills, technical abilities, and interpersonal skills. Other challenges include expertise, coaching, recruitment, incentives, competencies, and supervision. In addition, the paradigm shift and the existence of Nazir are some of the solutions that can be applied, such as associations, the establishment of Nazir schools, and the improvement of Nazir welfare. The guidance and supervision of Nazir Waqf is carried out by the Minister and the Indonesian Waqf Board, with the aim of improving professionalism and ethics in the management of waqf. Improving the quality of professional nazir is expected to have an impact on increasing the productivity of waqf assets, increasing public trust, and making a real contribution to economic and social development.

Labeling halal is a way to provide information that helps consumers identify the halal status of products on their packaging. With this halal labeling, the product can be regarded as halal, offering assurance and legal protection in line with Islamic law. The aim of this study was to assess the impact of halal labeling on consumer purchasing decisions, using interest as an intervening variable for Moringa Sticks products. The sampling method employed in this study was Nonprobability Sampling, involving a total of 100 respondents. Several tests were conducted, including data instrument tests, classical assumption tests, path analysis, hypothesis testing, and concluded with the Sobel test. The findings of this study indicate that the halal labeling variable (X) and purchase intention (Z) as an intervening factor do not have a significant impact on purchasing decisions (Y) for the Moringa Stik product.

The aim of this research is to determine the impact of the influence of price and quality of service on customer satisfaction (case study at Mixue Pasar Bersih branch, Jababeka). The research method used is quantitative using hypothesis testing to analyze the relationship between the variables studied. The population used as research objects are consumers who buy Mixue products at the Jababeka Clean Market. Data analysis was implemented in the form of a questionnaire using the SPSS application with the tests used being the Validity Test and Reliability Test. Total respondents were 113 people from 15 questions, considering the questionnaire answers which stated Strongly Agree 23%, Agree 46%, Normal 24%, Disagree 5%, Strongly Disagree 1%. The results of the research state that X1 has an effect on Y and is supported by variable X2 which also has an effect on Y.

The Influence of Service Quality and Customer Loyalty at Jasmine Beauty Salons and Spa  North Toraja District". The purpose of this study was to find out whether there is an influence of service quality and customer satisfaction on customer loyalty in the Jasmine Beauty Salons and Spa in Tallunglipu Sub-Dstrict, North Toraja District . Data collection procedures from this study are: observation, questionnaires, and documentation. The data analysis technique is quantitative with multiple linear regression tests. The results of calculations with the F test obtained the results of F count 43,165 with F table 3.090. Based on the results of calculations with the T test on the cooperative image variable, the result is T count (2,734) < T table (1.986) and on the service quality variable, the result is T count (4,458) > T table (1.986). The conclusion of this study is that the service quality variable has no effect on loyalty customer at the Jasmine Beauty Salons and Spa North Toraja District and the customer satisfaction variable has an effect on loyalty customer at the  Jasmine Beauty Salons and Spa  North Toraja District.