In the modern legal system, Deoxyribonucleic Acid (DNA) testing has become an important tool in the resolution of criminal and civil cases in Indonesia. The use of DNA can assist in determining blood relations, uncovering sexual abuse cases, and proving involvement in other crimes. Nonetheless, there are various legal issues that arise regarding the collection of DNA specimens without the consent of the sample owner. In Indonesia, although there are personal data protection regulations such as the Health and Population Administration Law, there are no specific provisions regarding the legality of unauthorized DNA sampling. This creates uncertainty in the legal system, especially in terms of evidence being recognized in court. Unauthorized DNA sampling can violate an individual's right to privacy guaranteed by the 1945 Constitution and the Criminal Procedure Law. This potentially makes DNA test results inadmissible as valid evidence in court. Therefore, this study aims to analyze the legality of the practice of unauthorized DNA sampling and its impact on the legal evidentiary system in Indonesia. The study also highlights the importance of medical ethics and legal protection of privacy in determining the validity of DNA evidence in judicial proceedings. It also explores the role of medical ethics and privacy law in determining the validity of DNA test results in the judicial process, and provides recommendations for clearer regulations regarding DNA sampling procedures.

One of the tropical infectious diseases in developing countries is typhoid fever. Typhoid fever is often found in people's lives, both in urban and rural areas. This disease is very closely related toclean and healthy living behavior(PHBS) such as poor environmental sanitation, personal hygiene and daily community behavior. Purpose To find outThe Relationship between Mother's Knowledge and Clean and Healthy Living Behavior towards Typhoid Fever in Toddlers in the Children's Ward of Dr. H. Yulidin Away Tapaktuan Regional Hospital. This research method is descriptive correlation with Cross Sectional approach with a sample size of 52 parents with typhoid fever cases. The results of this study obtained p-value results = 0.000 <0.05 so that there is a relationship between the two variables. Conclusion There is a significant relationship between the level of knowledge with clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) on typhoid fever in toddlers in the children's room of Dr. H Yulidin Away Tapaktuan Hospital. Suggestions from the results of this study provide input to service institutions and become guidelines for maximizing the implementation of clean and healthy living behavior (PHBS) in parents whose children are being treated with typhoid fever cases.

Work in the informal sector, such as weaving, has high health risks due to the repetitive nature and static positions required. Weavers often experience Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) due to sitting too long in front of the loom for about 8 hours. This condition causes muscle contractions in the shoulders and neck, reduces blood flow, and causes pain and fatigue. A study of two sarong weaving industries in Dalangan Village found that 70% of 10 workers complained of low back pain. Many workers work with non-ergonomic positions and inappropriate equipment. Improvements in work attitudes are needed so that workers' health and productivity are maintained. This study aims to determine the relationship between work attitudes and MSDs disorders in the central craftsmen of the weaving industry. This research is a quantitative study using observational analysis method with cross sectional approach. The population was 35 from 4 locations with a sample of 35 respondents taken using total sampling technique. Assessment for work attitudes using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) and for Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) experienced using the Nordic Body Map (NBM). The results of the Spearman correlation test showed no significant relationship between work attitudes and musculoskeletal complaints with a p-value = 0.261 (p < 0.05) and a correlation coefficient value of r = 0.195 which is included in a weak correlation with a positive direction. The study shows there is no significant relationship between work attitude and musculoskeletal disorders in weaving industry workers. Routine ergonomics education is recommended to prevent complaints and maintain sustainable occupational health.

Post-stroke condition is a neurological dysfunction condition that has an impact on changes and decline in body condition for a fairly long period of time. The need for support during recovery and rehabilitation by the family is very much needed by post-stroke patients in managing themselves to optimize their well-being and quality of life. The purpose of this study was to determine the relationship between family support and self-care management in post-stroke patients. The design of this study was correlational using a cross-sectional approach. A population of 23 respondents with purposive sampling obtained 21 samples. The measuring instrument used was a questionnaire and data analysis using the Spearman rank test. The results of the study showed that almost half of the respondents (47.8%) had good family support, and almost half of the respondents (47.8%) had good self-care management. The results of the statistical test from the Spearman's rho test showed a P value of 0.0001 <? 0.05, so it can be concluded that there is a positive (unidirectional) and very strong relationship (r = 0.870) meaning that the better the family support provided by the family, the stronger the self-care management in post-stroke patients. Family support is a health component that influences a person to improve their health status and quality of life.

The purpose of the study was to analyze the effectiveness of P4K with the innovation of the Dora Backpack to anticipate pregnancy risk in pregnant women in the working area of the Mantup Health Center in Lamongan Regency.This type of research is quasi-experimental with Post-test Only Control Group Design. The population of this study were pregnant women in the third trimester in the work area of the Mantup Health Center and Tikung Health Center totaling 262 pregnant women. The sampling technique is purposive sampling. The number of samples was 176 pregnant women, consisting of 88 control pregnant women and 88 intervention pregnant women. Univariate data analysis with frequency distribution table, bivariate analysis with Mann Withney and Logistic Regression. Based on the results of the Mann Withney test in the control and intervention groups, ap value of 0.000 means that P4K with the Si Dora Backpack Innovation is effective in increasing the ability of pregnant women to anticipate the risk of pregnancy and based on the results of the Logistics Regression test, external variables do not affect the ability to anticipate pregnancy risk factors, namely age with p value 0.341, education with p value 0.587, and occupation with p value 0.631. P4K With Si Dora's Backpack Innovation is effective in increasing the ability of pregnant women to anticipate the risk of pregnancy.

The increasing incidence of leprosy in the community causes individuals with leprosy to experience psychological stress. This pressure can come from the individual's internal perceptions such as feeling insecure, feeling embarrassed, and feeling afraid of being shunned. Apart from that, the psychological pressure experienced by individuals can originate from external factors such as discrimination from society, labeling, and isolation in social life. The method used in preparing this article is the PRISMA method with database searches including Google Scholar, Digital Reference Garba, and Science Direct. There are 15 articles selected based on the criteria, namely published in 2018-2023, can be accessed in full text, articles in Indonesian and English, and are qualitative research using the keywords stigma, leprosy sufferers, and community. The articles analyzed were selected according to criteria with results showing that the stigma experienced by leprosy sufferers in the community consisting of self-stigma and public stigma. These two stigmas cause psychological problems in leprosy sufferers.

The growing elderly population in Indonesia has created structural challenges in the health care system. One of the crucial challenges arises in the aspect of medical decision-making that becomes increasingly complex, along with the decline in cognitive capacity, comorbidities, and chronic diseases that accompany this age group. Problems arise when elderly patients refuse medical treatment, while doctors have ethical and professional obligations to save lives. This condition is complicated by social pressure from families and collective cultural values that often ignore the right to individual autonomy. As a result, doctors are in a vulnerable position legally and ethically, especially when there are no regulations that explicitly and technically regulate the limits of professional responsibility. This study aims to analyze the form of legal protection for doctors in the face of refusal of medical action by elderly patients. The method used is normative juridical, with statutory and conceptual approaches. The results show that there are no specific rules regarding the mechanism of informed refusal, evaluation of the decision-making capacity of elderly patients, and the limits of legal responsibility of doctors. This creates legal uncertainty, even when doctors have acted according to professional standards and medical ethics. This study recommends the establishment of technical regulations that strictly regulate the procedures for refusal of medical action by elderly patients. Legal protection for doctors is not only a professional guarantee, but also an integral part of a health system that is fair, sustainable, and ensures legal certainty in modern medical practice.

The study investigated how Cola nitida affects the sweat concentrations of sodium (Na), potassium (K), and chloride (Cl) in male and female subjects. Sixty healthy participants (30 males, 30 females) aged 18–28 years, with varying body weights (underweight, normal weight, overweight), were selected. Subjects were exposed to three conditions: normal chamber temperature (27°C, 70% RH), raised temperature (37°C, 90% RH), and exercise at normal temperature (27°C, 70% RH) while riding a bicycle ergometer at 750J/min for 20 minutes. Prior to the experiment, 0.5g/kg body weight of Cola nitida was consumed, followed by a 90-minute rest. Sweat samples were collected to measure ion concentrations. Results showed no significant changes in sodium (Na) concentrations between males and females under normal and raised temperature conditions. However, under exercise conditions, there was a significant increase in sweat Na in female underweight subjects compared to males. Regarding chloride (Cl), there was no significant difference between males and females under all conditions. For potassium (K), significant increases were observed in the sweat of female underweight subjects compared to males in normal, raised temperature, and exercise conditions. Conversely, decreases in sweat potassium were noted in female normal weight subjects under normal conditions and overweight subjects under raised temperature and exercise conditions compared to males.

Environmental health such as proper medical waste management in accordance with existing requirements. The purpose of this study was to determine the sources of infectious medical waste at RSUD Haji Makassar. The research method used is a qualitative method with a post-positivistic or enterprising approach and observation. The types of data used are primary and secondary data. The results of the study indicate that at the sorting and reduction stage it has been implemented but in the sorting section there are still errors in plastic bags not being labeled regarding the type of waste, at the storage stage there are still errors in temporary storage places that can be accessed by animals, at the transportation stage there are still some that are not in accordance with the Regulation of the Minister of Environment and Forestry Number 56 of 2015 such as medical waste managers also do not use complete personal protective equipment and do not have a special route for waste transportation, at the processing stage it is not carried out because the incinerator in the hospital does not have an operational permit and at the stockpiling and burial stages it is also not carried out because medical waste management has been handed over to a third party. RSUD Haji Makassar pays more attention to all waste management processes that are not yet adequate and the management of incinerator use permits for better waste management.

The medical committee is a non-structural body whose members are selected from among the heads of functional medical staff (SMF) or those representing SMF in the hospital. Objective : This study aims to evaluate the role of the nursing medical committee and its influence on the quality of inpatient services at Labuang Baji Hospital Makassar. Method : Analytic descriptive method with the design used crosssectional design Result : Logistic regression analysis showed a significant influence between the role of the medical committee and the quality of inpatient services with a value of p=0.002. Further quality of inpatient services with a value of p=0.002. Further logistic regression analysis showed that the role of the medical committee had a very large influence on service quality, with an Exp(B) value of 44,000. This indicates that each increase in the role of the medical committee can increase the likelihood of good service quality by 44 times. Overall, the results of this study indicate that the role of the nursing medical committee is very influential in improving the quality of inpatient services at Labuang Baji Hospital Makassar. This finding is expected to be the basis for developing strategies to improve service quality in the hospital. Suggestion : Ensure that the roles and responsibilities of the medical committee and nurses are clear and mutually supportiveThe medical committee should have a deep understanding of the care process, while nurses need to know how the role of the medical committee can influence and support their practice.