This type of research is empirical juridical, namely the researcher obtains research data directly from related parties or agencies. The population in this study consisted of 2 Village Heads, 4 Hamlet Heads, 6 RT Heads, 4 RW Heads and 10 community members. After the data was obtained, the researcher will group the data based on the data source and analyze it to get answers to the problem formulation in this study. The results of the study indicate that (1) the implementation of the duties and authorities of the Village Head has not been running well. This is evidenced by the community who still do not feel peace and order in the environment. The Village Head must conduct more routine socialization on how to maintain peace and order to the community. (2) The inhibiting factors for the Village Head in carrying out the duties and authorities of maintaining peace and order, namely there are still many riots, fights between martial arts schools and the lack of facilities and infrastructure provided, to support the creation of peace and order in the community. The author's suggestion in this study is that the Village Head must conduct more frequent socialization and increase motivation to the community to maintain peace and order in their environment. This can be done through religious activities involving young people, thus encouraging them to do more positive activities rather than activities that disturb the peace of other communities.

Genocide is one of the most serious crimes in international law, regulated by various legal instruments such as the 1948 Genocide Convention and the 1998 Rome Statute. This crime involves the intent to destroy, in whole or in part, a group based on race, ethnicity, religion, or nationality. This study aims to analyze the role of the International Criminal Court (ICC) in enforcing genocide law and identify the obstacles in applying individual criminal responsibility. Additionally, mechanisms for resolving genocide disputes through peaceful and legal means in international law are discussed. The research employs a qualitative approach with a descriptive-analytical method, analyzing international legal documents and case studies. The results show that although the ICC has jurisdiction to try genocide cases, law enforcement processes often face political challenges, particularly the UN Security Council veto power and state sovereignty. In conclusion, international efforts to address genocide require stronger cross-country cooperation and enhanced legal mechanisms to overcome political and diplomatic challenges.

A Limited Liability Company (LLC) plays a pivotal role in the economic landscape, with the General Meeting of Shareholders (GMS) being one of its most vital organs. The GMS serves as a forum for making strategic decisions, overseeing company performance, and ensuring transparency and accountability. This study investigates the legal implications for companies, specifically PT. Pitala Gunawan Raya, that neglect to convene GMS as required by the Limited Liability Company Law. Using normative legal research with statute and case approaches, the study identifies gaps in the regulatory framework that need addressing to strengthen corporate governance and economic growth.

Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 3 of 2020 Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for Fiscal Year 2020, Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 3 of 2021 Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for Fiscal Year 2021, Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 02 of 2022 Oeletsala Village Medium-Term Development Plan (RPJM-DESA) for 2022-2027, Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 01 of 2022 Accountability Report on the Realization of the Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for Fiscal Year 2021,  Oeletsala Village Regulation Number 01 of 2023 Accountability Report on the Realization of the Oeletsala Village Revenue and Expenditure Budget for the 2022 Fiscal Year. This research is an empirical legal research based on events that occur in the field and research conducted directly. The sources of research data are primary data, secondary data and tertiary data. The analysis of legal materials uses analysis to test data from specific to general which is carried out in a juridical-qualitative manner and presented in a descriptive form. The results of the study show that: (1). Community participation is the active participation of community members as individuals, groups, or communities in joint decision-making, program planning and implementation, as well as the process of community development inside and outside the community. The basics of emotional awareness and responsibility. (2). internal obstacles to community participation in the formation of Oeletsala Village Regulations, related to low knowledge and education factors and community work factors that take up a lot of time, external community participation in the formation of Village Regulations, namely related to the role of the Oletsala Village government in building relationships with the community.

The This research aims to determine and describe policy management strategies to improve public services, with a focus on community participation and policy evaluation. Increasing public expectations for fast, transparent and efficient services encourages the government to develop adaptive and innovative policies. This study uses qualitative methods to explore policy implementation in various regions. The research results show that the use of information technology has accelerated the service process and increased transparency, even though there are challenges with infrastructure gaps in several areas. In addition, active community participation in the policy-making process contributes to increasing the legitimacy and effectiveness of the policies implemented. However, unstructured policy evaluation is still an obstacle in assessing the success of public service programs. Therefore, it is important for the government to continue to innovate and adapt policies based on global changes, such as pandemics and environmental issues, to ensure more responsive and relevant public services in the future.

Professional legal ethics plays a crucial role in carrying out the legal profession with integrity and fairness. For Civil Servants (ASN), especially those working at the Higher Education Service Institution (LLDIKTI), the implementation of professional legal ethics becomes even more critical, considering their role as bureaucrats who must uphold legal and ethical values in every decision they make. LLDIKTI is tasked with managing, supervising, and facilitating the organization of higher education in Indonesia, requiring its ASN to always adhere to principles of transparency, justice, and accountability in performing their duties. However, the implementation of professional legal ethics in LLDIKTI faces various challenges, including potential conflicts of interest, political pressure, complex bureaucracy, and limited human resources. This study aims to analyze the implementation of professional legal ethics in LLDIKTI and identify the challenges ASN face in applying these ethics. Additionally, the study seeks to provide recommendations on the steps that should be taken to optimize the implementation of professional legal ethics within the ASN environment in LLDIKTI. This research uses a qualitative approach, referring to legal ethics theories developed by Algra (2013) and Winarta (2007), as well as regulations governing ASN, such as Law No. 5 of 2014. The findings of this study are expected to contribute to the formulation of policies and training that enhance the professionalism and integrity of ASN in LLDIKTI.

Probative value refers to the extent to which the evidence provided is able to prove the facts being disputed. Evidence may be relevant in the sense that it relates to the case at hand, but relevance alone does not guarantee that the evidence will be well received or considered to have a significant influence. This study uses a qualitative research method with a conceptual approach. The data collection method was collected using library research, then analyzed using qualitative methods and presented descriptively. The results of the study show that the process of proof in criminal law plays a central role in upholding substantive justice. Evidence not only functions as a mechanism to test the truth of claims or accusations brought in court, but also as a tool to protect the human rights of the accused by ensuring that everyone is considered innocent until proven otherwise. Failure to assess probative value can lead to serious injustice in the form of wrongful conviction or wrongful acquittal. To address this problem, it is necessary to increase technical literacy among legal practitioners, as well as the application of more careful procedures in testing the validity and reliability of evidence.

Mass media serves as a vital communication medium that delivers crucial information to the public. In the digital era, technological advancements have facilitated easier access to news for audiences. This study aims to analyze the framing of the 2024 National Teacher’s Day coverage on the online media platforms sokoguru.id and mediaindonesia.com. Using a qualitative approach guided by Zhongdang Pan and Gerald M. Kosicki’s framing analysis model, this research uncovers how each outlet portrays the theme “Great Teachers, Strong Indonesia.” The findings reveal differing approaches: sokoguru.id focuses on tangible issues like teacher welfare and technological training, while mediaindonesia.com emphasizes symbolic tributes to teachers through celebratory narratives. Both platforms employed the inverted pyramid style in organizing their news and adhered to the 5W+1H elements. However, differences emerged in their thematic and rhetorical structures. This study highlights how media framing influences public perception of educational issues and underscores the importance of teacher welfare in building a high-quality education system.

Child abuse in Indonesia, particularly in Bintan, shows a concerning upward trend. This study aims to analyze the efforts of the Women's Empowerment, Child Protection, Population Control, and Family Planning Agency (DP3KB) in preventing and addressing cases of violence against children. The research method employed is empirical research, collecting primary data through interviews and observations, as well as secondary data from relevant literature. Findings indicate that DP3KB has implemented prevention programs that include socialization of children's rights and campaigns for reporting violence, although it still faces challenges such as limited resources and lack of inter-agency coordination. The implications of this research highlight the importance of cross-sector collaboration and increased community awareness to protect children from violence. By understanding the steps taken by DP3KB, it is hoped that this can contribute to child protection efforts and the handling of violence cases in Bintan Regency.

This research explores the role of the Constitutional Court (MK) in protecting citizenship rights in Indonesia. As a constitutional judicial body, the MK holds a crucial responsibility to review laws against the 1945 Constitution (UUD 1945), ensuring that fundamental rights of citizens, such as freedom of expression, the right to education, and the right to privacy, are not violated by existing legal policies. Through the mechanism of judicial review, the MK acts as a primary guardian capable of annulling laws that are in conflict with the constitution. This study examines various significant cases where the MK has played a critical role in safeguarding citizenship rights. We also identify various challenges faced by the MK, including issues in implementing rulings and potential political pressures that may affect the independence of this institution. From a global perspective, this research compares the role of the MK with constitutional bodies in other countries to provide a broader understanding of how the MK functions in an international context. The research employs doctrinal legal research, which is a process of discovering rules, principles, and doctrines to address the issues at hand. The research is prescriptive in nature. The methodology used is normative/doctrinal/library research. The findings indicate that although the MK has successfully protected citizens' rights through significant rulings, there remains an urgent need to improve the implementation of decisions and to safeguard the institution’s independence. Recommendations for enhancing the MK’s role include expanding legal education to the public, strengthening public access to judicial review mechanisms, and fostering closer collaboration with legal academics and practitioners. With these measures, the MK is expected to continue functioning effectively as a guardian of constitutional rights in Indonesia.