This article aims to describe the curriculum management strategies implemented at SMKN 1 Sungai Tabuk to improve the quality of graduates in alignment with the demands of the workforce. This research employs a descriptive qualitative method with data triangulation techniques through interviews, observation, and documentation. The findings reveal that curriculum management is carried out systematically through planning, organization, implementation, and evaluation. In the planning phase, the school develops annual and semester programs, Learning Objectives Flow (ATP), and teaching modules aligned with the needs of the Business and Industrial World (DUDI). The organization of the curriculum involves teacher participation in ongoing training, professional learning communities, subject teacher working groups (MGMP), and industry internships. Curriculum implementation is supported by strategic partnerships through fieldwork practice programs and graduate placement facilitated by the School Job Placement Unit (BKK). Curriculum evaluation is conducted collaboratively by the curriculum development team and various school program teams, taking into account feedback from teachers, students, and industry partners. However, several challenges remain, including limited teacher innovation in lesson planning, inadequate facilities, and insufficient mastery of the Merdeka Curriculum approach. This study recommends enhancing teacher capacity, improving learning infrastructure, and strengthening collaboration among stakeholders in curriculum management to produce more competent and industry-ready graduates.

This study aims to examine the level of participation of Catholic Youth (OMK) in spiritual activities, identify the factors contributing to their low involvement, and formulate strategies that parents can implement to foster OMK's enthusiasm for church engagement. The research employs a descriptive qualitative approach, involving eight informants consisting of active OMK, inactive OMK, and their respective parents. Data were collected through interviews and observations, and analyzed in three stages: data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing and verification.The findings reveal that active OMK demonstrate strong attendance at Mass, active involvement in youth leadership roles, and stable spiritual growth. In contrast, inactive OMK show low participation due to a lack of internal motivation and weak parental support. Active parents have a positive influence through their role modeling, shared prayer, and open communication about faith.In conclusion, parental involvement plays a critical role in shaping OMK's participation and spiritual development. A consistent approach to family-based spiritual formation is essential to encourage greater youth involvement in the life of the Church.

This study explores the representation of adolescent trauma through the character of Hannah Baker in Thirteen Reasons Why by Jay Asher. Using a qualitative descriptive method with a psychological literary analysis approach, the research applies Bronfenbrenner’s Ecological Systems Theory and the concept of complex trauma to investigate how environmental systems contribute to psychological deterioration. The analysis identifies five levels microsystem, mesosystem, exosystem, macrosystem, and chronosystem that each fail to provide the support Hannah needs, ultimately leading to her emotional collapse. Key findings reveal that direct peer betrayal, institutional neglect, weak family-school communication, cultural normalization of victim-blaming, and cumulative unresolved trauma collectively influence the protagonist's declining mental health. The study demonstrates that trauma in adolescence is rarely the result of a single incident but rather the accumulation of systemic failures over time. The findings imply that educational institutions and communities must adopt trauma-informed frameworks and foster empathetic, interconnected support systems to protect vulnerable youth.

Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in Indonesia has a long history, reflecting the dynamics of social, political, and cultural changes from the colonial era to the digital era. During the Dutch colonial era, Islamic education experienced strict restrictions, while during the Japanese occupation, it was given more flexible space even though it was full of ideological interests. After independence, PAI underwent a significant transformation with its official entry into the national education system, accompanied by the formation of the Ministry of Religion as an institution managing religious education. In the digital era, Islamic education faces new challenges in the form of unverified religious information flows, so that digital literacy becomes important in maintaining the integrity of Islamic teachings. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a library research method. Data were obtained from academic literature, regulations, and official government documents and educational archives. The analysis technique used is content analysis with a focus on identifying patterns of development of Islamic Religious Education in Indonesia from the pre-independence, post-independence, to the contemporary era based on technology. This study also examines the challenges faced in each period and how Islamic education responds to these changes adaptively and contextually. The results of the study show that Islamic Religious Education continues to evolve both in terms of policy and pedagogical approach. From traditional forms such as Islamic boarding schools that focus on teaching classical books, to a formal education system based on the national curriculum, and now towards digital technology-based innovation that supports reflective and contextual learning. Thus, Islamic Religious Education in Indonesia shows its resilience as an important instrument in the formation of relevant Islamic character and identity amidst the challenges of the times.
 
 

This research is motivated by the low learning motivation of students despite participating in MBKM programs such as Merdeka Student Exchange (PMM) and Kampus Mengajar. This phenomenon is seen from the fact that there are still students who are not diligent in studying, do not show strong interest in their field of study, and are not yet encouraged to complete lecture assignments well. This becomes an important reason for researchers to examine further whether there is an influence from these two programs on students' learning motivation. The purpose of this study is to determine and analyze the influence of PMM and Kampus Mengajar Programs on the learning motivation of Economics Department students, Universitas Negeri Medan. This research uses a quantitative approach by distributing questionnaires through a Likert scale questionnaire. The number of respondents was 52 students selected through purposive sampling technique, namely students who had participated in one or both programs. The results showed that both partially and simultaneously, the PMM and Kampus Mengajar Programs had a significant influence on students' learning motivation. The t-test showed that PMM had a significance value of 0.042 and Kampus Mengajar had 0.002, both below 0.05. The F-test simultaneously showed a significance value of 0.001. The multiple regression equation obtained was Y = 29.047 + 0.145X₁ + 0.184X₂, and the coefficient of determination (R²) was 0.552, meaning that 55.2% of the learning motivation variable is explained by PMM and Kampus Mengajar. Based on these findings, it can be concluded that student involvement in the PMM and Kampus Mengajar Programs has an influence on increasing the learning motivation of Economics Department students, Universitas Negeri Medan. Thus, participation in both programs becomes one of the important factors contributing to students' internal drive in undertaking the educational process.

This study aims to identify the implementation of Google Lens in PPKn learning at SMP Negeri 35 Medan, to see the effectiveness of using Google Lens in improving students' understanding of PPKn material, and to identify the obstacles faced in its use as a learning medium in the classroom. The main problem raised is the lack of student interest in PPKn learning, which is caused by the conventional teaching approach and the limited interaction of students with the material visually and contextually, so that the understanding of important concepts is less than optimal. This research method uses a qualitative approach with the ADDIE (Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, Evaluation) design. Data were collected through observation, interviews, and documentation. The results of the study indicate that Google Lens has been implemented in PPKn learning, making a positive contribution to increasing student interest and understanding through independent and interactive exploration of the material. However, several obstacles were found such as limited internet infrastructure and the need for teacher adaptation in integrating this technology optimally. Google Lens has proven effective in facilitating access to visual and contextual information, which has an impact on increasing student independence and understanding. The implications of this study highlight the potential of Google Lens as a valuable asset in education in the digital era and the need for infrastructure support and the development of innovative teaching strategies.

This study aims to examine the strategies used by Islamic Education (PAI) teachers in fostering a religious culture in class XI-2 at SMAN 1 Palangka Raya. The background to this study is the increasing moral degradation among teenagers due to the massive negative influence of social media, resulting in a lack of spiritual character building in public schools. As a preventive measure, the school has attempted to take steps to foster a religious culture. The research method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection techniques through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The subjects of this study include: 2 PAI teachers, and the informant: the school principal. The research findings indicate that the PAI teachers' strategies include fostering religious activities, teacher role modeling, integrating religious values into learning, and collaborating with parents. These strategies have proven to enhance religious participation and strengthen students' spiritual character. Challenges faced include limited mosque facilities and the influence of digital media, but these can be addressed through digital innovation and educational institution support. This study recommends strengthening school-parent collaboration, enhancing teacher capacity, and developing worship monitoring technology to support the effectiveness of religious education in public schools.

This research aims to develop and implement a project-based civic education model integrated with local wisdom to improve elementary students’ social participation. The background of this study stems from the lack of student engagement in Civic Education (PKn), which is often taught in a theoretical and non-contextual manner. This study employs a mixed-method approach using classroom action research in a fourth-grade class at a public elementary school. Data were collected through observation, interviews, questionnaires, documentation, and learning outcome tests. The findings indicate that project-based learning activities rooted in local values such as cooperation, mutual respect, and environmental care significantly enhanced students' social awareness and active participation in school and community life. Students were more engaged, collaborative, and empathetic. The results suggest that integrating local cultural values within project-based learning provides meaningful experiences that support the goals of Civic Education. This model can serve as an alternative instructional strategy aligned with the Merdeka Curriculum and the Profile of Pancasila Students framework.
 

The presence of LGBT individuals (Lesbian, Gay, Bisexual, and Transgender) in society has raised complex discussions, especially when viewed from the perspectives of Islamic law and human rights. Islamic teachings generally view same-sex relations and gender transitions as actions that deviate from the moral and natural order established by religious texts. In contrast, the human rights framework emphasizes individual dignity, personal freedom, and the right to non-discrimination, regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity. This article seeks to explore the intersection of these two perspectives, not to provoke conflict, but to offer a balanced understanding rooted in empathy, justice, and social awareness. Using a qualitative normative approach, this research examines Islamic legal sources, national regulations, and international human rights documents. The study finds that while Islamic law maintains clear normative boundaries, there is still room for inclusive dialogue and respectful engagement, especially in multicultural societies like Indonesia. Bridging these two frameworks requires not only legal analysis but also cultural sensitivity and ethical responsibility.

This study aims to provide an overview of children's learning behavior, the factors influencing it, and how the subjects interact with tutors and peers in the teaching and learning process within the non-formal learning community Sahabat Pelangi in Manado. The research specifically compares children who are still attending school with those who have dropped out. A qualitative approach was employed using a phenomenological method. The researcher served as the main instrument to explore the children's subjective learning experiences. The research subjects consisted of two 11 y ear old children with different educational backgrounds. Data collection techniques included observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The data were analyzed using Miles and Huberman's model, which involves data reduction, data display, and conclusion drawing. Observations were conducted in social situations within the non-formal learning environment. The results show that children's learning behavior is influenced by motivation, environmental support, and the educational structures available to them. Children who are still in school tend to demonstrate more independent, structured, and active learning behaviors, supported by the roles of family and school. In contrast, children who have dropped out of school show a high but unstable interest in learning and rely heavily on the community as an alternative learning space. This study highlights the importance of learning communities as a form of inclusive education, particularly for children living in vulnerable social and economic conditions