In the context of civil law, Tort Law plays an important role in upholding the rights of loss victims. Tort law is rooted in the principle that every individual has the right to live without experiencing interference from the unlawful acts of others. The aim of this research is to find out how Tort Law works in the context of Civil Law: Enforcement of the Rights of Loss Victims. The method used in this research is qualitative research in the nature of library research which uses books and other literature as the main object. Data analysis in this research looks for sources of information regarding tort law in the context of civil law: Enforcement of the Rights of Loss Victims. Based on research results, Tort Law in the context of civil law discusses violations of civil law that cause harm to individuals or property. The principle is to provide compensation to victims who suffer as a result of unlawful actions.

In the digital era, technological developments are increasingly rapid, and their existence has begun to penetrate into various aspects of life, such as in the world of finance or the economy. This is marked by the emergence of technology and information-based financial institutions or known as fintech. Starting from this, a question arises on how to implement information technology-based lending and borrowing (peer to peer lending) in Indonesia and how to protect the recipients of the loan (customers). This research is in the form of juridical-normative. The results of this study concluded that there were violations committed by the lender to the customer, and the sanctions imposed were only administrative sanctions with the worst consequence being license revocation. In this regards, obviously it does not provide a sense of justice to the customers, considering the crimes that have been committed, therefore the role of criminal law is very important here, by implementing sanctions related to these crimes, such as the dissemination of personal data, threats in billing, sexual harassment through electronic media, fraud and slander.
 
 

The export of marine sand from Indonesia to Singapore has been a controversial issue for decades, involving economic, environmental, and political interests. This study examines Indonesia's marine sand export policy, especially after the issuance of Government Regulation Number 26 of 2023, which reopened export permits after more than 20 years of prohibition. This policy aims to manage marine sedimentation to prevent disruption to ecosystems and shipping and meet domestic reclamation needs. However, there are many pros and cons that arise. On the one hand, this policy is expected to increase state revenue and open up employment opportunities. On the other hand , sea sand mining activities can cause serious environmental damage. This study uses qualitative methods with literature analysis to understand the impact of the policy. The results show that this policy provides more short-term benefits to the government and business actors, but poses long-term threats to the environment and society. Unsupervised marine sand mining has the potential to damage marine ecosystems, reduce fishermen's productivity, and threaten the sustainability of Indonesia's coastal areas. Therefore, more effective supervision and implementation of policies regarding this activity is needed.

The government as a provider of public services needed by the community must be responsible and continue to strive to provide the best service for the sake of improving public services. On the other hand, community satisfaction is a measure of the success of public services provided by public service providers. This research is a descriptive study using a qualitative approach to determine the quality of public services in the field of population administration in Telanaipura District, Jambi City. The data analysis technique used is an interactive model. The results showed that the quality of public services in the field of population administration in Telanaipura District, Jambi City, was seen from the aspects of physical facilities, reliability, responsiveness, assurance, empathy, that is, the Public Services section in Telanaipura District, Jambi City had not fulfilled adequate service facilities to provide services to the community. The community is satisfied with the services provided by Telanaipura District, Jambi City in the reliability aspect regarding reliability in handling any community complaints. Employees in terms of helping people who need services, especially people who are confused about services, have been seen between officers and visitors who communicate with each other. Security in Telanaipura District, Jambi City, has shown efforts to improve the quality of its services in relation to providing a sense of security for the community. The empathy given by the Telanaipura District, Jambi City, is to give a pleasant impression.

Discovering our true identity is a deep journey where we reflect on ourselves, understand the essence of existence, and explore our inner potential. The aim of this research was to explore the process towards deeper self-understanding and how this influences the level of happiness and calm in a person's life. Through a qualitative approach with a focus on literature reviews and in-depth interviews, this research shows that understanding true identity involves awareness of personal values, interpretation of life experiences, and the ability to accept one's own shortcomings and strengths. Research shows that people who succeed in finding their identity usually experience a more meaningful life, are able to face challenges calmly, and experience true happiness. In general, finding one's identity is not only important for understanding one's essence, but is also an important step in achieving a better quality of life. This study suggests doing regular introspection, meditation, and spiritual exploration as a way to better understand yourself. An important focus in life is to explore one's identity and the depths of the soul to reach one's true nature, which ultimately brings happiness and tranquility in life.

Every business actor is basically obliged to act in good faith, one of which is as a manifestation of consumer protection. Case in Decision No. 90/Pdt.Sus-BPSK/2021/Pn.Mdn) shows that there are business actors who do not carry out their obligations as they should, namely not having good intentions and not providing information to their consumers. The aim of this research is to explore legal certainty regarding the fulfillment of good faith by business actors in providing information to consumers of postpaid services based on Law of the Republic of Indonesia Number 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection. This research method uses normative juridical approaches to statutory, conceptual and case regulations. The research results found that the fulfillment of good faith in this case showed that legal certainty had not been realized. This is because of the legal provisions regarding this matter as regulated in Law no. 8 of 1999 concerning Consumer Protection has not been enforced properly. According to Sudikno Mertokusumo, legal certainty should be realized by implementing legal provisions as they should.

This research aims to analyze legal protection for ownership of land rights for the public interest, and this research can be useful as a reference for readers. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research method, with a type of normative legal research - empirical or literature. Sugiyono said that quantitative research is a method used to examine the condition of natural objects where the researcher is the key instrument. type of normative-empirical legal research according to Muhaimin in his book entitled: Legal Research Methods says that normative-empirical legal research is "legal research that examines law as rules or norms and the application of legal rules in practice in society". The results found are that the existence of regulations regarding land acquisition provides a legal basis for the government to obtain land for the implementation of development in the public interest and is a guarantee for land rights holders to obtain adequate compensation, thereby providing better survival at a higher level of socio-economic life. prior to land acquisition. Land acquisition for development in the public interest is a land acquisition activity carried out by the government for the construction of public facilities. Land procurement consists of planning, preparation and implementation stages which involve the regional government as the executor of land acquisition, the ministry that carries out land affairs, land rights owners and affected communities.

This research aims to: (1) find out and understand how the collaboration between the government, teachers and parents in the implementation of special education for children with special needs at SDN Menur Pumpungan IV, (2) to know and understand what learning services are implemented in the process teaching children with special needs at the SDN Menur Pumpungan IV. The type of research used is qualitative descriptive research. Research subjects included class teachers, school principals, and classmates of children with special needs at SDN Menur Pumpungan IV. The method used in this research is the case study method. Data collection uses observation and interview techniques. The data obtained was then analyzed using the interactive model from Miles and Huberman with the steps of data condensation, data display, and conclusion drawing. The results of the show that at SDN Menur Pumpungan IV there are two students with special needs who have a background of slow learners and hyperactivity disorder. The class teacher who teachesthe two students always differentiates learning for students with special need from other normal student.

Indonesia adheres to a democratic government system that relies on the principle of checks and balances. This principle is inherent in the legislative institution, namely the DPR, which has the right to carry out its duties, one of which is the right to inquiry. In the election context, the right to inquiry can be used to investigate fraud or violations that occur in the election administration process. However, the use of the right to inquiry currently still raises pros and cons among the public. In response to this, this research aims to understand the juridical considerations regarding the right to inquiry in holding elections and analyze the influence of the right to inquiry on elections. The method used in this research is descriptive normative law by studying or reviewing primary and secondary legal materials. This research shows that the DPR’s right to inquiry cannot influence or cancel the election results. However, the DPR’s right to inquiry can be used to request information from the government regarding the implementation of elections.

The influence of the theory or understanding of legal positivism and legal utilitarianism affects law enforcement, especially in Indonesia, so that it is known as positive law.  The view of legal positivism in law enforcement is limited to enforcing the sound of laws that emphasize justice in it. Benefit and legal certainty should not be abandoned so that it gives rise to a utilitarianisme view that is more on benefit and legal certainty which is part of law enforcement in Indonesia. That way the author will examine the paradigm between the theory of legal positivism and the theory of legal utilitarianism and how the theory affects law enforcement in Indonesia. These two theories have an influence on law enforcement in Indonesia where legal positivism theory emphasizes justice and legal utilitarianism theory emphasizes legal certainty and expediency. In addition to the benefits of these two theories have weaknesses where the theory of legal positivism is more focused on existing rules while the theory of legal utilitarianism views a psychological approach. So that both of them certainly need the right pull so that the composition of the application in law enforcement in Indonesia can fulfill the principles of law.