Economic growth measures the achievement of the development of an economy from one period to the next. Theoretically, government spending allocated for the public interest and public welfare will encourage an increase in per capita income that is getting bigger from year to year. Investment is essentially also the initial step in economic development activities. This study aims to determine the Effect of Development Spending and Investment on Economic Growth in North Sumatra Province. The analysis technique used is data analysis in this study using a descriptive analysis method based on the descriptions that support the analysis. The results of this study indicate that partially the government spending variable has a significant negative effect on economic growth in North Sumatra Province with a significance value of 0.0030.05. Based on the results of the simultaneous test calculation, it is known that both government spending and investment variables simultaneously have a positive and significant effect on economic growth in North Sumatra Province with a significance value of 0.030.

This study aims to analyze the effect of product arrangement on consumer purchasing decisions at Alfamidi Jl. Tuasan, Medan. Product arrangement is a crucial visual merchandising strategy in the modern retail industry to attract consumer attention and increase sales. The study used a quantitative approach with an associative method, involving 30 respondents selected through accidental sampling techniques. Data were collected using a questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale and analyzed using simple linear regression with the help of SPSS version 25. The results showed that product arrangement had a positive and significant effect on consumer purchasing decisions with a coefficient of determination (R²) of 90.2%. The regression equation Y = 1.245 + 0.675X shows that every one unit increase in product arrangement will increase purchasing decisions by 0.675 units. The t-test produced a calculated t value of 16.071> t table 2.048 with a significance of 0.000 <0.05, confirming the research hypothesis. This finding confirms that product layout elements such as ease of access, visual appeal, and layout comfort play a vital role in influencing consumer behavior and increasing the effectiveness of retail marketing strategies.

Industrialization is a key factor in the economic development of a country, including Indonesia. Since the New Order era, industrialization has become an integral part of national development strategies, marked by the growth of the industrial sector and the active involvement of state-owned enterprises (SOEs). This study aims to provide a comprehensive understanding of the concept of industrialization, its role in the economy, the development of the industrial sector in Indonesia, its impacts, and concrete examples of state-owned enterprises operating in the industrial sector. The method used is a literature review with a qualitative approach, focusing on synthesizing findings from various sources to gain deeper insight. The discussion results show that industrialization greatly contributes to economic growth and job creation, but it also brings negative impacts such as environmental pollution, consumerism, cultural value shifts, and uncontrolled urbanization. One example of a state-owned enterprise playing a major role in the industrial sector is PT Pertamina (Persero), which contributes to national energy security and the development of a sustainable energy industry. By understanding the dynamics of industrialization, it is hoped that Indonesia’s future economic development can achieve a better balance between growth and sustainability.

One of the socioeconomic problems faced by every region is poverty. Poverty is a social issue that takes place in the long term, so that until now it is still difficult to overcome. The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of Population, Open Unemployment Rate (TPT), and Human Development Index on Poverty Level in North Sumatra Province. This study uses secondary data analysis in the form of time series data which is quantitative in nature, namely data in the form of numbers. The secondary data used in this study are poverty data, population data, open unemployment rate data and human development index data from 2001 to 2021. These data were obtained from the North Sumatra in Figures (SUDA) document from 2001 to 2021. The results of this study prove that population has a significant effect on the poverty rate of North Sumatra Province, the open unemployment rate variable has no significant effect on the poverty rate of North Sumatra Province, the human development index variable has no significant effect on the poverty rate of North Sumatra Province. Simultaneously, population, open unemployment rate (TPT), and human development index have a significant effect on the poverty rate in North Sumatra province.

This study analyzes the human development index, regional minimum wage, and labor force participation rate on poverty in North Sumatra in 2001-2023. The data used is secondary data in the form of time series obtained from the publication of the Central Bureau of Statistics. The analysis method used is multiple regression with E-Views software. The results showed that the human development index has no effect, the regional minimum wage has a negative effect and the labor force participation rate has a negative and significant effect on poverty, which indicates that an increase in the human development index tends to not affect poverty because it has a positive value. In contrast, the regional minimum wage and labor force participation rate show a negative and significant effect on poverty. Simultaneously, the human development index, regional minimum wage and labor force participation rate have a significant effect on poverty.

This research aims to examine the impact of QRIS (Quick Response Code Indonesian Standard) on students' shopping habits in the digital era, focusing on students at STIA Lancang Kuning Dumai. This study uses a qualitative approach with in-depth interviews and focus group discussions (FGD) to explore students' experiences and perceptions regarding QRIS use in their shopping activities. The findings indicate that QRIS has provided students with convenience, efficiency, and security in digital transactions, although some students face barriers related to technological literacy and network issues. QRIS has influenced shopping habits by encouraging more online shopping. These findings contribute to understanding the role of digital payment systems in changing students’ consumption behavior.

This study discusses the influence of independence, work experience, professional ethics, and leadership style on auditor performance. The background of the study shows the importance of the role of auditors in ensuring transparent and reliable financial reports. Using a descriptive-based literature study method, this study processes secondary data from various journals. The results show that independence, work experience, and professional ethics have been proven to improve auditor performance so that they can also improve audit quality and public trust, while transformational leadership style encourages team motivation and collaboration. Research recommendations include strengthening independence policies, ongoing training, consistent application of professional ethics, and leadership that supports auditor development.

Blessings in the business world are a concept that describes sustenance that is not only abundant in material aspects, but also provides positive impacts, peace, and goodness for business actors and the wider community. This study aims to investigate the blessings experienced by producers in milling cassava flour at UD Mulyo, a business that focuses on processing cassava flour raw materials and realizing producer blessings through employee and community welfare and environmental empowerment. By applying a descriptive qualitative approach, data were obtained through in-depth interviews and observations, which were then analyzed thematically. The research findings show that blessings in UD Mulyo's business are realized through the application of Islamic values, such as honesty in business management, maintaining product quality, and a commitment to improving the welfare of employees and the surrounding community. UD Mulyo not only contributes to the economy through job creation and increasing community income, but also creates social benefits through harmonious cooperation with the local community. This study confirms that blessings in business go beyond material benefits, but also include spiritual values, social balance, and business sustainability.

The industrial revolution has transformed the global economic landscape, and Indonesia is not exempt from its impacts. This article discusses Indonesia's readiness to face the challenges posed by the industrial revolution, focusing on sectors such as manufacturing, technology, and human resources. This research is a  qualitative analysis method with a literature study and interviews approach. The findings indicate that while Indonesia has made progress in infrastructure and technology, there are still significant challenges in terms of human resource quality and the industry's readiness to adapt to technological advancements. Therefore, more targeted policies are needed to optimize Indonesia's potential in facing the industrial revolution.

This article is made to learn the definition, components, and calculation formula of the Market Entry Barriers Component Index and Function Index, where these two measuring instruments are very important in analyzing the market. The function of the Market Entry Barriers Component Index is to evaluate the level of difficulty that a company will face in entering a pre-existing market. The way to evaluate it is by looking at obstacles such as fixed costs, production capacity, regulation, and production. For the Function Index itself, it functions to see how much efficiency will occur and includes distribution, information flow, and market mobility. This article also aims to provide an example of how the calculation system for the two indexes works. Through this understanding, readers and companies can formulate more appropriate strategies in dealing with obstacles and taking advantage of opportunities in the market.