This thesis discusses efforts to increase students’ interest in learning Mathematics through the use of concrete media among third-grade students at SDN 110/1 Tenam. The purpose of the study is to improve students’ interest in learning Mathematics by using concrete media with these third-grade students. The results of the study show an increase in learning activities that indicate student interest during Cycle I and Cycle II. In Cycle I, all student learning activities were still at percentages below 70%, with ratings categorized as poor and adequate. Meanwhile, in Cycle II, the increase in student learning activities was shown by all activities reaching percentages above 74%, which means they exceeded the predetermined Learning Objectives Achievement Criteria (KKTP) and were rated good and very good. In addition, improved learning outcomes, as evidence of increased student interest, also showed a significant rise. In Cycle I, students’ learning outcomes did not meet the Learning Objectives Achievement Criteria (KKTP), with a class average of 68.9%, whereas in Cycle II, overall class mastery reached 82.3%. This improvement in learning outcomes indicates that students showed fairly good interest when learning with concrete media.

This study aims to identify the academic stress levels and coping mechanisms used by 2024 cohort students of the Statistics Study Program at Universitas Negeri Medan. A descriptive quantitative method was applied, involving questionnaires and interviews. Data were collected from 50 randomly selected respondents. The instrument was tested for validity and reliability, with all items showing item-total correlations > 0.2787 and a Cronbach’s Alpha score of 0.619, indicating acceptable reliability. The findings revealed high levels of academic stress, particularly in indicators such as feeling overwhelmed by deadlines (mean 3.82; 66%), exam anxiety (3.7; 66%), and lack of rest (3.6; 60%). The most dominant coping strategy was self-soothing (mean 4.44; 90%), followed by junk food consumption (3.5; 60%) and seeking help (3.42; 46%). In contrast, proactive strategies such as creating a to-do list were less commonly used (3.14; 38%). These results highlight the importance of adaptive coping training and psychological support to promote healthier stress management among students.

This research aims to analyze the impact of family socio-economic conditions on the interest in learning of preschool children (ages 3-6) at KB Darussalam Sidoarjo. Interest in learning at an early age is an important foundation for children's cognitive and socio-emotional development in the future. However, this interest does not exist in isolation but is greatly influenced by the child's immediate environment, namely the family and its socio-economic conditions. Abraham Maslow's Hierarchy of Needs theory is used as a conceptual framework to understand how the fulfillment of children's basic needs, which is often related to socio-economic conditions, affects their motivation and interest in learning. This study employs a qualitative approach with a case study design, focusing on KB Darussalam Sidoarjo. Data is collected through in-depth interviews with parents/guardians and teachers, as well as participatory observation of children in the learning environment. The research results show that the socio-economic conditions of families have a significant and multifaceted impact on the learning interest of preschool children. Economic limitations can hinder the fulfillment of children's physiological needs and their sense of safety, which directly reduces their energy and focus on learning. In addition, socio-economic conditions affect the quality of parent-child interactions and the availability of learning stimulation at home, which are crucial to fostering a sense of love, belonging, and appreciation in children. An environment that inadequately supports basic needs tends to result in lower levels of interest in learning.

The aim of this research is to analyze the development and implementation of contemporary learning methods in the context of Islamic education, highlighting the role of digital transformation in enhancing the effectiveness and relevance of religious education. The approach used is a literature study with a qualitative method, analyzing scientific literature and related credible sources. The main findings indicate that the integration of digital technology such as LMS, interactive videos, and artificial intelligence can enhance student engagement, collaboration, and the development of critical and creative skills, thereby addressing the challenges of the times. However, the limitations of the research include the lack of direct empirical data from field applications and the need for adaptation to local characteristics. The practical implication of this study is the importance of developing teacher competencies and designing a flexible and contextual curriculum to support the effective implementation of this method. The original value of this research lies in the integration of contemporary educational concepts with Islamic educational values, as an innovative solution to meet the needs of adaptive and meaningful education in the global digital era.

This study aims to examine the implementation of kinesthetic and visual-spatial intelligence learning in early childhood. The background of this research is the importance of developing multiple intelligences in early childhood, especially kinesthetic and visual-spatial intelligence which often receive less attention in formal learning. The research methods used include limited participatory observation, in-depth interviews with teachers, and documentation of children's work and lesson planning documents. The results of the research at TKIT Siti Khadijah show that the learning activities designed consistently support the development of children's multiple intelligences. A case study of a child named Abbil showed significant progress in visual-spatial intelligence through coloring activities, assembling lego blocks, and basic introduction to visual programming. In the kinesthetic aspect, Abbil showed good body coordination through morning exercises and traditional games such as engklek, as well as social-kinesthetic skills in group games. This study concludes that developing kinesthetic and visual-spatial intelligence through a holistic and fun learning approach can help children reach their full potential.

This research aims to identify the role of home and preschool environments on the socioemotional development of early childhood. Through an observation and assessment approach using validated instruments, this study found that the social environment, both at home and at school, has a significant influence on the development of children's ability to recognize, express, and manage emotions, as well as build healthy social relationships. The results show that children who receive positive support from their environment tend to have better socioemotional development, characterized by the ability to recognize emotional expressions, apply politeness values, and show good moral behavior. This research emphasizes the importance of the role of family and school in shaping children's character and emotional intelligence from an early age

This study aims to examine the Islamic perspective on the process of electing leaders, focusing on the hadith narrated by Al-Bukhari that warns of the dangers of entrusting authority to those who are not qualified. Using a descriptive-analytical method with a normative juridical approach, this research analyzes primary sources such as the hadiths in Sahih Al-Bukhari and relevant statutory regulations, supported by secondary sources from related scholarly literature. The findings reveal that leadership in Islam is a great trust (amanah) that demands strict fulfillment of Shari'ah criteria, including justice, trustworthiness, knowledge, and honesty. Entrusting leadership to incompetent individuals may lead to widespread social and political collapse, as indicated by the Prophet Muhammad (peace be upon him) in his hadith. Furthermore, the community’s negligence in electing suitable leaders is considered a collective sin that significantly affects societal stability. Therefore, Muslims must exercise greater vigilance, critical thinking, and responsibility in choosing their leaders to maintain social order in line with the principles of shura and Islamic values.

Achievement Motivation as the Responsibility of Teachers and Parents Towards Students in the 4.0 Era and Its Relevance in Christian Religious Education. The background of writing this article is to understand the motivation of students' learning achievement in the 4.0 era. The purpose of this study is to improve students' learning achievement, one of the determining factors of success is learning motivation. Motivation plays an important role in encouraging students to study diligently, tenaciously and with full concentration so that learning achievement can be optimal. The research method used in this study is qualitative research through literature study. The results are that learning motivation consists of intrinsic and extrinsic motivation which is influenced by various factors such as ideals, abilities, physical and psychological conditions of students, and the surrounding environment. Teachers and parents have an important role in providing achievement motivation through proper guidance, support, and supervision. In the era of the Industrial Revolution 4.0, the challenges of learning motivation are increasingly complex because it facilitates access to technology that can distract students. Therefore, the role of Christian religious education is very important in shaping the character and spiritual values ​​of students so that they are able to face technological challenges wisely, maintain face-to-face relationships, and foster strong learning motivation.
 
 

This study aims to explore gross motor developmental delays in 6-year-old children as an early indication of possible Tourette syndrome. Tourette syndrome is a neuropsychiatric disorder characterized by the emergence of spontaneous movements and sounds (tics) that are not realized and can interfere with the child's daily activities. In this study, a qualitative approach was used with a case study method on a boy in Malang City who showed symptoms of motor and vocal tics. Data collection was carried out through observation, in-depth interviews with teachers and parents, and documentation of the child's activities in the home and school environment. The results of the observation showed that the child had difficulty maintaining balance and showed spontaneous movements such as shaking his head, blinking, and clearing his throat repeatedly. These symptoms do not always appear consistently and occur more often when the child is tired or mildly stressed. Data analysis showed that motor delays were not caused by muscle disorders, but by an imbalance in neurological regulation that affects movement coordination. The main risk factors come from daily habits such as excessive use of gadgets, lack of rest time, and unstable emotional responses. The treatment carried out involves a combination of medication from a neurologist and environmental support such as reducing stress triggers, regulating playtime, and an inclusive educational approach. This study emphasizes the importance of early detection, holistic intervention, and ongoing support from families and educators in dealing with children with Tourette syndrome symptoms so that motor delays do not develop into more serious disorders.

Fullball is one of the new sports that has gained a lot of attention from the public. Fullball combines several well-known ball sports such as basketball, futsal and handball. The development of Fullball sports is currently influenced by the marketing of Fullball sports to the public, so the right strategy is needed to introduce Fullball sports. This research was conducted with the objective of conducting a SWOT analysis to see the Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities and Threats through the Major League competition as an activity to introduce the new sport of Fullball to the wider community, efficiently, and sustainably. The components analysed include quantitative data through interviews and the author's involvement in Fullball sports. The results showed that the main strengths of Fullball are its uniqueness as a new sport and the strong support from brand sponsors and the government in the implementation of the competition. However, weaknesses include the lack of a solid sports ecosystem, limited facilities and accessibility, and limited resources. In addition, opportunities that can be utilized include the trend of exploring new sports among young people, active use of social media, and the potential for strategic cooperation with various parties. Meanwhile, threats that need to be anticipated are financial instability and low levels of participation from players and audiences. The conclusion of this study emphasizes the importance of strategies that maximize strengths and opportunities, as well as address weaknesses and anticipate threats to support Fullball's marketing success at the national level.