Indonesia is known as an agricultural country, making the agricultural sector very important with the commodity most widely cultivated by the public being rice. Karangsemanding Village is a village that has extensive agricultural land but has a small productivity value compared to other villages. This research aims to determine the factors that influence the production of lowland rice farming and determine the efficiency of lowland rice farming in Menganti Hamlet. The research was conducted in Menganti Hamlet in June-September 2023. Data collection was carried out through interviews and questionnaires as well as secondary data obtained. The sampling technique was saturated sampling which involved all members of the population sampled as many as 86 farmers. Data were analyzed descriptively and in multiple linear regression analysis with the help of SPSS software. The research results show that production factors in the form of land area, seeds, fertilizer, pesticides and labor simultaneously influence rice production, while partially the variables of land area, pesticides and labor have a significant influence on production. The results of the technical efficiency analysis show a value of 0.8894 which is said to be efficient in the use of production factors because it is close to 1. Judging from the price efficiency (allocative) of lowland rice farming, it shows a value of 0.0416, this shows that lowland rice farming in Menganti Hamlet is not yet efficient economically. price. Meanwhile, the economic efficiency of lowland rice farming shows a value of 0.0370, which means lowland rice farming is economically inefficient..
 
 

Reducing the area of agricultural areas, especially paddy fields into palm oil plantations in the use of space in Mukomuko Regency, has raised concerns about the impact of these changes, namely the decline in rice productivity, which if allowed to drag on could lead to food insecurity due to the decreasing number of functional paddy fields. into oil palm plantations, especially in areas that are designated as agropolitan in the Mukomuko Regency spatial planning. Time and Place of Research: Research was conducted from October to November 2023 in Muko-Muko Regency, Bengkulu Province. To find out the strategy for managing land conversion, SWOT analysis is used. The results of the research show that the position of controlling the conversion of wetland agricultural land is in quadrant I, namely the position with an aggressive strategy (S-O). In this case the recommended strategy is to utilize strengths to take advantage of existing opportunities. Alternative strategies that can be implemented by policy makers, in this case the Mukomuko district government, to prevent the conversion of rice land to oil palm are clear regulations and establishing clear rice field zones in spatial plans, improving government policies in the farming sector, improving institutions in the farming sector, empowerment and socialization regarding land conversion regulations and improving agricultural facilities and infrastructure

The agricultural sector is an important pillar of Indonesia's development, contributing to employment, food security, and economic growth. However, the sector's potential has not been fully utilized, with low agricultural productivity being a major problem. Factors such as the low interest of the younger generation to become farmers, lack of quality education, and limited agricultural technology are the main causes. Generation Z, with its proficiency in technology, has great potential to overcome these challenges through the implementation of precision farming, a model that uses modern technology to improve farming efficiency and yield. While the government has made various efforts, collaboration between the government and various parties, including Gen Z, is needed. Precision agriculture, which involves the use of technologies such as GPS and GIS, can increase productivity with real-time monitoring and more targeted input use. The implementation of precision agriculture also faces challenges, such as limited technological infrastructure and a lack of interest in agriculture among the younger generation. With an integrative approach, adequate education, and technological support, precision farming can be a solution to increase agricultural productivity in Indonesia, while attracting the younger generation to engage in the sector.

Shipbuilding industrial companies still produce a number of organic waste in the form of twigs, grass and leaves. In line with developments in the current era, organic waste that accumulates will become an issue for the environment if it is not managed properly. This activity was carried out to overcome the problem of organic waste in the shipbuilding industry, by utilizing organic waste for composting. Composting is a simple anaerobic method that can be easily carried out in the shipbuilding industry. This method turns organic waste into compost by carrying out a fermentation process. Organic waste in the form of leaves that are turned into compost can increase the nutrient content in the soil. The composting process is carried out using two different activator materials, namely using Effective Microorganisms 4 (EM 4) and Promoting Microbes (PROMI). The results of the compost research carried out have met the quality standards according to SNI 19-7030-2004. The final results of these two treatments are not too different, the pH resulting from the EM4 activator treatment is 6.9 and the pH from the PROMI activator treatment is 7. The temperature value for both does not exceed the ground water temperature, namely the final temperature of the EM4 activator treatment is 29.9oC and from PROMI activator treatment of 30oC. The observation results show that of the two activators EM4 and PROMI, the one that is more effectively used for composting is the EM4 activator because the microorganism content in EM4 has more classifications compared to the PROMI activator.
 
 

Photosynthesis is a vital process for plants in converting light energy into chemical energy stored in organic compounds. Light intensity is one of the main factors influencing the efficiency of this process. This study aims to determine the effect of different light intensities on the photosynthesis rate and growth of spinach plants (Amaranthus sp.), which is a C4 plant species.The method used was a quantitative experiment with three light intensity treatments: low (0–10 lux), medium (10–20 lux), and high (>20 lux), each replicated three times over six weeks. Observed parameters included plant height, number and length of leaves, as well as the photosynthesis rate measured using the IRGA method.The results showed that light intensity significantly affected the growth and photosynthesis rate of spinach plants. The high light treatment produced the most optimal growth, with an average plant height of 4.92 ± 0.4 cm and the highest photosynthetic activity. Conversely, the low light treatment caused symptoms of etiolation, reduced vitality, and faster plant death, averaging by the third week.In conclusion, increasing light intensity significantly enhances photosynthesis efficiency and growth in spinach plants. These results can serve as a basis for regulating light intensity in cultivation systems, both conventional and hydroponic.
 

Chili is one of the superior horticultural products which has quite high economic value. The demand for large red chili supplies is causes farmers to plant chilies continuously without paying attention to environmental factors. The use of kasgot fertilizer in the cultivation process can have a positive impact on plants. This research aimed to determine the effect of doses variants for the growth of Capsicum annuum L. The research method used RAL with 6 treatments K1: 150g. K2: 175g, K3: 200g, K4: 225g, K5: 250g, and K6: 275g each treatment was repeated 4 times to obtain 24 samples. Observation parameters include plant height, number of leaves, number of fruit and fruit weight. Data analysis used One Way ANOVA and continued with the Tukey test. Varying doses of kasgot fertilizer have a real influence on the growth parameters of plant height, number of leaves, number of fruit and fruit weight. Treatment with a dose of kasgot fertilizer (K1) 150g gave the highest average number of fruit (10.3 pieces) and fruit weight (82.375g). Meanwhile, a dose of 175g (K2) gave the highest average plant height (37.5 cm) and number of leaves (50.45 each). So the optimal dosage of kasgot fertilizer for the growth of large red chili plants is around 150-175g.
 
 

Rubber plants (Hevea brasiliensis) are one of the main commodities in the plantation industry which have high economic value. Rubber latex productivity is greatly influenced by the tapping technique applied. This research aims to examine various tapping techniques that are effective in increasing rubber latex yields and maintaining tree productivity in the long term. The method used includes comparative analysis of tapping techniques, such as angle and depth of incision, frequency of tapping, and use of latex stimulants. The research results show that tapping techniques with an angle of 30°–45° and an optimal depth that does not damage the cambium can significantly increase latex production. In addition, the use of ethefon-based stimulants has been shown to extend the latex flow period and increase yields without causing excessive physiological stress in plants. By implementing appropriate tapping techniques, rubber plantation productivity can increase sustainably without reducing the productive life of the plants.

This study aims to analyze the development strategy of pepper farming in Epeea Village, Abuki District, Konawe Regency. The method used to determine the number of samples is to use (Saturated Sample/Census). Saturated sample is a sampling method where all members of the population are taken 12 as sample members. The results of the IFAS (internal analysis summary) matrix calculation show that the total value of the internal factors is 3.0. The results of the EFAS (External Analysis Summary) matrix calculation show that the total value of the external factors is 2.8. Based on the results of the SWOT analysis above, the strategy that can be applied in Pepper Farming is an Aggressive strategy formed in quadrant I. Where Strength + Opportunity (1.34)> Weakness + Threats (0.65), then the Strategic factors of strength and opportunity support the achievement of a way out of the existing problems to achieve the desired goals. So that Pepper Farming in Epeea Village, Abuki District, Konawe Regency can survive and grow even bigger.

This study aims to determine the partnership pattern between CV Agrowates and melon farmers and to determine the difference in income of melon farmers before and after partnering.  The research design used in this research is descriptive qualitative and quantitative analysis methods with survey research methods, sampling using saturated sampling To determine the income of farmers before and after partnering used cost analysis and farm income (profit), namely Profit (p) = Total Revenue (TR) - Total Cost (TC). To determine the difference in income of melon farmers before and after the partnership was further analyzed with the T-test.    The results showed that the partnership pattern between the CV Agrowates company was the Agribusiness Operational Cooperation (KOA) partnership pattern. The role of partner farmers as providers of land, labor, production equipment and production facilities such as fertilizers, while the company as a means of providing seeds, extension and guidance of cultivation personnel. The partnership pattern significantly shows a real difference.  Income before partnering amounted to Rp. 116,259,299.93 with R / C of 2.95 while the income of farmers after partnering amounted to 146,612,513.3 with R / C of 3.37, Partnership can increase the income of melon farmers in Wates Village by 26.11%.

One of the benefits of using a farmer card is to access subsidized fertilizers. Farmer cards are those programmed by the government and can function to ease all farmers' affairs in making loans, transactions, savings and regarding the acquisition of subsidized fertilizers. This research was motivated by problems in the farmer card program which according to the community was less useful for them, especially in terms of accessing fertilizer. The farmer card is expected to be able to overcome the problem of fertilizer distribution that is not on target and is expected to be able to provide welfare for every farmer owned by farmers with the fertilizer obtained, so that the farm that is run produces satisfactory production for the farmers themselves. The results showed that, on average, the number of farmers who did not understand the farmer card was 60%, while those who understood the farmer card were 37%. This is due to the lack of socialization from related agencies, causing a lack of understanding of farmers towards the farmer card program, especially given the fact there are some farmers who have not studied at all. This farmer card has also not been benefited by farmers, so farmers have difficulty getting subsidized fertilizer and have to spend expensive costs to obtain fertilizer.