The livestock industry plays a strategic role in providing animal-based food, yet it continues to face challenges related to efficiency and sustainability. Issues such as land limitations, animal diseases, and feed price fluctuations demand innovative production systems. One emerging solution is digital livestock farming, which integrates information and communication technologies into livestock management. This study aims to examine the role of digital livestock farming in improving production efficiency through a literature review of scientific sources published between 2017 and 2024. Literature was gathered from electronic databases and analyzed using a descriptive-qualitative approach with thematic analysis. The findings reveal that technologies such as the Internet of Things, biometric sensors, big data, and artificial intelligence enhance feed efficiency, animal health, reproduction, and labor management. Moreover, these technologies improve animal welfare and reduce environmental impact. However, challenges such as low digital literacy, limited infrastructure, and insufficient policy support hinder implementation, especially in developing countries. This review highlights the need for cross-sector collaboration to support sustainable digital livestock adoption.
