This study aims to examine the effectiveness of the LingoDeer application as a learning medium for basic level Japanese language learners. A quantitative approach was employed using a One Group Pretest Posttest design involving 50 students from the Vocational School of IPB University. The research instrument consisted of pretest and posttest assessments focusing on three key areas: vocabulary, grammar, and reading skills. Based on the results of the paired sample t-test, a significant improvement was found in all aspects after the use of the application, with the average score increasing from 60.97% to 81.25%. The greatest improvement was observed in vocabulary, followed by reading and grammar. These findings suggest that LingoDeer, with its structured learning system, spaced repetition feature, and interactive exercises, can effectively support the development of Japanese language skills at the beginner level. This study is expected to serve as a reference for educators in selecting appropriate technology-based learning tools to enhance language acquisition.

This research explores strategies to support novice learners in developing their writing skills in the English Education Study Program at an Indonesian university, the Islamic Institut of Palangka Raya. Writing is often considered one of the most challenging aspects of language learning, requiring a combination of vocabulary knowledge, grammatical precision and structural coherence. The participants, five beginner learners, were selected using purposive sampling and underwent a writing task that progressed from sentence-level exercises to paragraph construction. Data were collected through semi-structured interviews and direct observation, and analyzed thematically. Findings showed that challenges such as limited vocabulary, grammatical errors, and psychological barriers such as low self-confidence hindered students' progress. Effective strategies included guided sentence construction, collaborative writing exercises, and exposure to structured templates and quality reading materials. The participants reported improved confidence and skills through positive feedback and step-by-step writing tasks. The findings suggest that integrating motivating and structured learning methods can significantly improve writing ability among beginners, contributing to their academic and personal growth.

Mastering English from an early age is an important factor in preparing children to face global challenges in the future. This research aims to explore effective English language teaching methods in local communities, especially for children aged 7-12 years from lower middle socio-economic backgrounds. A qualitative approach was used through participant observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation of learning activities for 3 weeks. The research results show that interactive methods, such as games, role playing, and the use of simple technology, can improve language skills, build self-confidence, and create an enjoyable learning experience. In addition, local community involvement and parental empowerment have proven to play an important role in supporting children's learning. These findings emphasize the need for collaboration between communities, educators, and families to create sustainable and relevant learning programs. With a needs-based and technology-based approach, English language teaching can be an effective tool for building a brighter future for children.

Technology is essential to the efficient teaching and learning process. But technological advancement does not ensure that everyone can take full use of it. Acquiring technical literacy or knowing how to utilize it involves more than just learning how to read; it also involves being able to use, access, and integrate technology into the teaching and learning process. Although a lot of people use the internet, not everyone is able to fully utilize its benefits, particularly in the field of education. Learning can be done more quickly and in a number of ways, particularly while learning English. In our nation, English is a foreign language, and students will have a lot of trouble using it. Therefore, in order to help students understand and avoid becoming disinterested in the process of learning English, teachers need to possess additional skills. As a result, providing the internet and educational websites as resources for learning English will benefit both educators and learners. While the use of the internet for educational purposes is not new in our nation, not all institutions are able to put it into practice because of a lack of necessary resources, including computer equipment and internet access.

The topic of this research is language ambiguity that is often spoken by every student in English Literature A class of 2024 at Medan State University. This research aims to answer "what types of language ambiguity are often spoken by students in their communication on everyday classes?". This research applies Kent Bach's theory of language ambiguity to answer this question, this theory is relevant to help this research. The method used in this research is qualitative research and also observation to each suspect in daily life in the classroom. To clarify what kind of language ambiguity is often spoken in the daily life of English Literature A students class of 2024, the researcher provides some sentences that look and sound "ambiguous" that have been spoken by students in their daily life in class. The results of this study are expected to provide new insights into how language ambiguity is used, either consciously or unconsciously, in students' daily interactions.

This study explores the relationship between financial literacy, consumer communication, and financial decision-making among English Literature students at Universitas Negeri Medan. Using surveys with 40 participants aged 20-24, the research assesses students’ financial literacy levels, preferences for communication formats, and their impact on financial behaviors. Rsults indicate that while most students have a basic understanding of financial concepts, gaps exist in budgeting, selecting financial products, and seeking assistance. Visual formats like videos and infographics are the preferred communication channels, while social media, though widely accessed, often lacks clarity. Only a portion of students applies financial literacy effectively in decision-making, such as evaluating financial products critically or avoiding unnecessary spending.  The findings emphasize the importance of integrating tailored financial education programs with effective communication strategies. Enhancing financial literacy through practical and accessible learning methods can empower students to make informed and strategic financial decisions.

Reader response theory offers a dynamic approach to understanding literary interpretation, shifting focus from text-centered analysis to reader engagement. This study investigates reader responses to Diana Wynne Jones's "Howl's Moving Castle" through an analysis of reviews on Goodreads, utilizing Beach's framework of reader-response theory. Employing a qualitative descriptive method, the research collected 60 reader comments, systematically sampling one review per month over the past year. The analysis categorized responses across five dimensions: textual, experiential, psychological, social, and cultural, revealing that experiential responses (33.33%) and textual responses (27.08%) predominated. Additionally, the study examined reader engagement across cognitive (50%), emotional (36.4%), and behavioral (13.6%) dimensions. Findings demonstrate how online reading communities like Goodreads transform literary interpretation from a solitary to a collaborative experience, highlighting the complex ways readers interact with literary texts. By exploring the nuanced responses to "Howl's Moving Castle," this research contributes to our understanding of contemporary reading practices, critical thinking literacy, and the evolving landscape of digital literary engagement.

The research aims to examine awareness of the use of standard indonesian words through soscial media namely. With the davelopment of social medai, the language used tends to be freer and less struvtured. The research method used is a qualitative method with a case study approach on accounts that focus on indonesian language learning. Data isi collected through observation of uploaded content as well as analysis of audience and follower interaction. The reserach results show tha the use of instagram can be an effective medium in introducing and educating the oublic about the importance of using standard words. The interactions  that occur between account managers and followeres help strengthen understanding and practice of using indonesian properly and correctly. It can be concluded that 75% of instagram accounts still need coaching regarding standard words and 35% have had increased coaching so that this research is expected to be a focus for instagram users tp be wiser in using social media.

The purpose of this research is to improve students' speaking skills through a project based learning, making them more immersive and active. This study used experimental techniques and analysis of students' cognitive abilities with quantitative research techniques through oral tests. The research questions considered in this study are: was there a significant effectiveness of simple project-based learning syntaxes in teaching speaking (pronunciation element) and to what extent was the effectiveness of simple project-based learning syntaxes in teaching speaking (pronunciation element)?. The purpose of this study is to know whether the Simple project-based learning syntaxes to teach speaking (pronunciation element) contributes significantly to the senior high school students’ speaking ability of eleventh grade student of MA NW Juet academic year 2024. And the perpose of this research is to find out the extent of Simple project-based learning syntaxes in teaching speaking (pronunciation element). The analytical methods used for data processing are included in the Social Science Statistics 22.0 for Windows. The results before applying the project based learning technique, only 50% of students are able to spek in English and after applying the project based learning, it improved student's ability to speak in English by 80%. Applying project based learning , especially speaking, This is the right strategy to improve students' speaking skills (pronunciation).

The aim of this research is to describe how people's lives are described by the author in the short story Scribbles on the Toilet by Eka Kurniawan. Researchers use descriptive analysis methods by analyzing based on the facts contained in the short story. Data collection uses the reading-note technique which is used to obtain data by reading, understanding and recording quotations that are in accordance with the formulation of the problem. The results of the research show that there are phenomena in community life that are currently occurring.

This research aims to analyze the use of learning media on the motivation to learn civics in grade 1 elementary school students. This research use desciptive qualitative approach. The subjects of this research were the homeroom teachers of class 1 of Attaufiq Elementary School in Medan and students of class 1 of Attaufiq Elementary School in Medan. Data collection techniques include observation and interviews. The results of the research show that students in class 1 of SD Attaufiq still have low learning motivation in civics subjects. The cause of the low learning motivation of grade 1 students at Attufiq Elementary School is due to the teacher's lack of ability to explain the material so that the learning process becomes monotonous and as a result students feel bored and bored during learning. Therefore, learning media is really needed to help students in the learning process with the existence of learning media. can help teachers clarify the meaning of the message they want to convey from a lesson theory so that it can motivate students to acquire certain knowledge and skills, and also with this learning media the teaching and learning process no longer seems monotonous.

This study explores the significance of English phonology in enhancing language skills during the golden age of childhood. Phonological awareness, encompassing sound discrimination and manipulation, plays a crucial role in vocabulary acquisition, reading proficiency, and overall linguistic development. Early intervention through phonological activities in educational settings, supported by parental involvement and technological integration, fosters a strong foundation for language acquisition. Continuous professional development for educators ensures the implementation of evidence-based practices in phonological instruction. Investing in phonological awareness during childhood is essential for promoting academic success, cognitive development, and lifelong literacy.

This research aims to determine the effect of the Case Based Learning learning model on the ability to write short story texts in class XI of YAPIM BIRU-BIRU Vocational School. The population of this study involved all students in class XI TKJ SMK YAMPIM BIRU-BIRU totaling 121 students, using a simple random sampling technique. The sample in this study consisted of 30 students in the control class using the conventional model, and 30 students in the experimental class using the Case Based Learning model. The research method used is a quantitative experimental research method. The instrument used is a description test instrument. Data collection in this research was obtained through tests on student learning outcomes in writing short story texts. Based on the test results, the results of this research can be concluded as follows. First, the ability to write short story texts using conventional models in class XI TKJ-2 is in the very low category with a percentage of 53.5 out of 30 students. Second, the ability to write short story texts using the Case Based Learning model in class XI TKJ-2 is in the very good category with a percentage of 83.83 out of 30 students. Thus, it can be said that the score for the ability to write short story texts in the experimental class is higher than in the control class. Third, through hypothesis testing, it shows that the null hypothesis (H0) is rejected and the alternative hypothesis (Ha), because the calculated t is greater than the t table, namely 11.864, greater than 1.699. Thus, it can be concluded that the Case Based Learning model influences the ability to write short story texts for class XI TKJ SMK YAPIM BIRU-BIRU.

This study aims to describe the actant in The Maze Runner novel based on the scheme of the actant, and the structure of the story. Methods of data collection is done by reading notes technique. This study uses content analysis because it prioritizes the depth of appreciation of the interactions between concepts that are being studied empirically. The results of the research show that there are three acts which are divided into three chapters in this novel. The actant and functional structures in The Maze Runner novel are complex and have fulfilled all stages. This novel can be used as literature learning material, especially novels.
 
 

This study explores how expressive speech acts are used in the teen romantic comedy movie "To All the Boys: Always and Forever," directed by Michael Fimognari. Using Searle's theory of expressive speech acts and Yule's framework for direct and indirect speech acts, the study analyzes the female main character's speech acts through a descriptive qualitative approach. The study identifies few instances of expressive speech acts, with doubting speech being the most frequent. It also discovers that direct speech acts are more widely used than indirect ones. These findings contribute to the understanding of expressive speech acts in film, specifically how emotions and attitudes are conveyed through conversation.

Nowadays, there are many literary works that is transformed into an adaptation work. One of them is J.K rowling's novel entitled Harry Potter and the Half Blood Prince with the same title. Using this object, this article focuses on the motives that exist in the process of adapting the novel and make it into the form of a film adaptation. During process of transformation,it arises some changes and some excisions. These changes because of the consequences of the differences in the media, the text and audiovisual. There are three issues discussed in this research. First, what are the changes that have been made by the production team, the second, the consequences of differences in media against stories in novels and films, the third, the motives that contained in the film adaptation of Harry Potter and the Half-Blood Prince. Then, we use comparative method in this study in order to compare the differences between the novel and the film. During the process of analysis, we use the theory of adaptation and semiotic analysis. Furthermore, this article begins by classifying the differences that exist in the novel and compare it to the movie. After that, we use semiotics in order to help find the ideology that contained in the novel and the film. This ideology helps on finding the motives that contained in the film adaptation. The results of the analysis are: dominant ideology in the film adaptation is capitalism ideology that explains the economic and cultural motives in this film adaptation.
 
 

This research aimed to investigate the students’ perceptions of the flipped classroom approach in learning English at SMPN 2 X Koto Tanah Datar. The flipped classroom model, which reversed traditional in-class activities and homework, introduced new content at home through videos or readings, and dedicated class time to interactive, hands-on activities. This method sought to enhance student engagement, promote active learning, and provide opportunities for personalized instruction and immediate feedback. The study employed a descriptive quantitative method, focusing on second-grade students. Data were collected using a questionnaire that was distributed to 64 students, who were selected through purposive sampling. The questionnaire aimed to gauge students' perceptions of various aspects of the flipped classroom, including self-directed learning, collaboration, responsibility, learning performance, flexibility, and student satisfaction. The population for this study consisted of all second-grade students at SMPN 2 X Koto for the academic year 2021/2022, totaling 95 students across three classes. The sample was selected using purposive sampling, focusing on classes VIII.1 and VIII.2, to ensure participants had the specific attributes necessary for the research. Based on the findings and analysis, it can be concluded that students at SMPN 2 X Koto Tanah Datar have a highly favorable perception of the Flipped Classroom approach in learning English. The study, which involved 95 second-grade students, revealed positive responses across various aspects such as autonomy in learning, collaboration, responsibility, learning performance, flexibility, individualized experiences, interactions, and overall satisfaction. With an average score of 81.41%, categorized as "Very Good" by Arikunto's criteria, the Flipped Classroom methodology is well-received and deemed beneficial for English education at SMPN 2 X Koto Tanah Datar.

This research aims to describe the types of code switching that occur in English language learning at MA Al Fatah Kota Mulya in four meetings. This type of research is descriptive-qualitative research. The subjects of this research were the eleventh-grade students. The object of this research is a speech on the use of code switching, which includes the types of code switching in English language learning at MA Al Fatah Kota Mulya. The results of the research show that there are 8 types of code switching in English language learning at MA Al Fatah Kota Mulya. Furthermore, all data is divided into 3 types of code switching: (1) intra-sentential switching occurred in 1 data (12,5%), (2) inter-sentential switching occurred in 3 data (37,5%), and (3) tag switching occurred in 4 data (50%). So, the most dominant type of code switching is tag switching.

This study limits the problem its problem to the issue of social dehumanization depicted in the comic Maus, which as a reflection of the Jewish community’s condition in Germany during the Nazi regime. This research is qualitative research that uses Ian Watt's sociology of literature as a basis for theorizing. By regarding literature as a reflection of society, this research aims to elucidate how the comic Maus reflects the issue of dehumanization, based on the social realities of the World War II era. The data used in this study are quotations from the comic Maus, supplemented by supporting literature such as books and scholarly articles. The data collection techniques employed in this research include: 1) identifying social issues within the comic, 2) analyzing and interpreting these social issues, 3) examining the data as a reflection of society depicting the social problem of dehumanization among the Jewish community in Germany during the Nazi regime, and 4) formulating conclusions based on the analysis conducted. The conclusion drawn from this research is that the comic Maus serves as a reflection of the dehumanization in Germany according to the author's perspective or ideology, influenced by the author's social background. As a reflection of social realities, Maus cannot fully represent the entirety of society. Through the author, who represents a segment of society that experienced the Holocaust, Spiegelman presents his social viewpoint on the dehumanization that occurred in Germany, drawing from his family's experiences as survivors of the horrific events perpetrated by the Nazis.

In the novel "The Happy Prince and Other Tales" by Oscar Wilde, published in 1888, adverbial adjunct clauses are frequently used to qualify the main clause process concerning agencies such as time, means, causes, and ends, often with elements that determine the nature of their relationship (Langacker 2008: 419–420). There are 93 sentences using adverbial adjuncts of different types, including time, place, reason or cause, manner, degree, and frequency. The novel is colorful with the use of these subordinate clauses. This analysis focuses on the use of adverbial adjunct clauses in the novel to convey the philosophical and idealistic meaning of human life and society. "The Happy Prince and Other Tales" is interesting to analyze because the language is very easy to understand and consists of no more than one hundred pages.

The purpose of the research was to find out the implementation of the indicators of critical thinking skills in the writing assignments of sixth-semester students in the English department. This analysis involved an in-depth understanding of writing structure, language choices, and students' ability to formulate arguments critically. The research proved useful for increasing knowledge about pedagogical writing and providing an in-depth analysis of students' writing assignments. This research was a quantitative descriptive analysis method research. The population of this research were all of the students in the Sixth semester of English Department UIN Sjech M. Djamil Djambek Bukittinggi year 2022/2023. According to the findings of the study, students showed inadequate critical thinking skills while creating 17 specific sub-indicators with scores below of 50%. It was found that students encountered difficulties when writing a thesis assignment. It means that the majority of students were unable to organize thoughts into thesis writing assignments.

Early childhood cognitive development is an important aspect in the learning and growth process. One effective method to improve children's cognitive abilities is to use the singing method. This method utilizes music and song lyrics to help children learn in a fun and easy to remember way. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the singing method in improving the cognitive abilities of young children, especially in terms of mastering the names of days in English. The research results showed that the singing method was proven to be an effective approach to improve understanding and retention of information related to the names of the days.
 

Metaphysical is a literary genre that combines philosophical ideas with emotional depth and deep analyses of nature. One of the famous authors in this genre is John Donne, who is known for his profound themes, distinctive style, and skillful use of conceit in his poetry. This paper aims to explore the influence of John Donne's work on metaphysical poetry and assess the contribution and striking elements of metaphysics in his selected poems by examining Donne's use of conceit. The research aims to examine how John Donne influenced the poetry of metaphysics and explore the assessment of his literary endeavors as well as metaphysical elements. The research has uncovered new perspectives from a metaphysical standpoint on religion, the universe, love, and death.
 
 

This research aims to prove whether top-down and bottom-up strategies can facilitate students' listening skills at level eleven of MA Mazro'illah Lubuklinggau. This research used pre-experimental methods. The population of this research was class XI MIPA students with a sample of 18 students. The sample used in this research was purpose sampling. In this study, researcher used written tests which were given twice, namely pre-test and post-test. In this study, researcher analyzed data using individual scores, normality tests and paired t-tests. The results of this study were that there were 4 students who passed and 14 students who failed the pre-test, while in the post-test the number of students who passed increased, namely 16 students and 2 students who failed the post-test. The students' average score on the pre-test was 48.05 and the average score on the post-test was 84.86. The results of the paired t-test is 8.53 and ttable is 1.740 it means that Ho is rejected and Ha is accepted. In conclusion it is significantly effective to use Top-down and Bottom-up strategy to facilitate students’ listening skill at the eleventh graders of MA Mazro’illah Lubuklinggau.
 

The research carried out is useful for analyzing errors in the use of syntax found in the electronic newspaper studied, namely "Sinar Indonesia Baru" 2024 edition. Syntax is a science that discusses grammar by identifying errors in words, sentences, clauses and phrases. For the public, electronic newspapers are an important medium because they contain a lot of information. However, as wise citizens, we must also ensure the clarity or truth of the information contained in electronic newspapers. In this case, the method or method used is to collect data and analyze errors in the electronic newspapers studied. The results of this research are to discuss errors such as grammar, unclear sentences, and errors in the contents of the newspapers analyzed. Therefore, this research functions as a provider of new insights for newspaper writers in order to improve the quality of the writer's writing and the quality of the language, especially in the April 2024 edition of the electronic newspaper "Sinar Indonesia Baru".

Education stands as a dynamic force in human and societal development, continually evolving to meet shifting demands and needs. In this modern era marked by rapid transformations, the importance of keeping education abreast with the times cannot be overstated. One effective tool for rejuvenating and advancing education is the SWOT analysis. SWOT analysis, encapsulating Strengths, Weaknesses, Opportunities, and Threats, transcends its traditional business applications to offer profound insights in diverse domains, including education. In the realm of Christian Religious Education (CRE), a critical aspect of the educational landscape, SWOT analysis unveils avenues for both refinement and growth. This paper explores the application of SWOT analysis in the context of CRE, acknowledging its pivotal role in shaping individual character, values, and spiritual beliefs. Tracing the historical trajectory of CRE from ancient churches to contemporary times, the analysis underscores the foundational principles upon which CRE stands. Within the framework of CRE, SWOT analysis serves as a potent tool to discern existing dynamics and chart future trajectories. By identifying internal strengths such as robust faith traditions and biblically grounded curricula, opportunities for enriching CRE education emerge. Simultaneously, weaknesses such as resource constraints and technological integration challenges highlight areas ripe for improvement. Furthermore, SWOT analysis illuminates potential opportunities for CRE advancement, including technological integration and policy shifts. However, it also unveils threats such as societal value shifts and information overload that impede effective CRE delivery. In navigating these dynamics, effective educational management emerges as paramount. Without strategic oversight and management, the pursuit of excellence in CRE remains elusive. Hence, this study delves into the pivotal role of educational management in fostering the quality and efficacy of CRE. Utilizing an analytical methodology, this research delves deep into existing literature and textual sources to unravel insights and generate new knowledge. Through systematic analysis and interpretation, this study seeks to enrich the discourse on CRE and underscore the imperative of strategic planning and management. In conclusion, SWOT analysis emerges as a cornerstone in the enhancement of CRE. By systematically evaluating internal dynamics and external trends, SWOT analysis paves the way for informed decision-making and strategic interventions. Thus, this paper advocates for the systematic integration of SWOT analysis in CRE, heralding a new era of excellence and relevance in religious education.

This study explores the significance of suprasegmental features in English phonology, focusing on prosodic hierarchy and intonation patterns. The analysis delves into how these features play a crucial role in structuring spoken language, particularly in conveying nuances, emotions, and pragmatic information. The study highlights the importance of understanding suprasegmental features in enhancing speaking proficiency in English and their relevance to English language curriculum development. Further research opportunities in English phonology, such as investigating other suprasegmental features and adopting an interdisciplinary approach, are suggested to deepen the understanding of English phonological structures and improve the quality of teaching speaking skills in English. This study emphasizes the valuable insights gained from a deeper understanding of the role of suprasegmental features in English phonology for teaching, research, and overall understanding of oral language

This research delves into the intricate connection that exists between the human condition and the reflection of nature. Through a nearby investigation of the text, this examination intends to reveal how Hawthorne complicatedly winds around together components of imagery and story to depict hidden presences - a figurative investigation of the intricacies of human life and its collaboration with the regular world. The narrative delves into the depths of individual consciousness while simultaneously reflecting the sublime beauty and mystery of nature, drawing on themes of isolation, morality, and societal norms. This study sheds light on the larger cultural and philosophical implications of the narrative by contrasting Hawthorne's portrayal with Wordsworth's philosophical perspectives on human existence and nature."

Most students in junior high school, especially seventh grade, had difficulty learning vocabulary. Even though vocabulary was very important for language learning. Duolingo could help with this problem because Duolingo could make students more interested and less bored when studying. The purpose of this research was to find out whether there was an effect of the Duolingo Application in increasing the vocabulary mastery of 7th grade students at SMPN 32 Bandar Lampung in the 2023/2024 academic year. This research methodology used in this research was quasi-experimental design. The population of this research was all 7th grade students of SMP Negeri 32 Bandar Lampung for the 2023/2024 academic year with a total of 180 students. This research sample consisted of two classes, namely class 7B with a total of 34 students as the experimental class, and class 7C with a total of 33 students as the control class. This meant that the total number of samples for this research was 67. The experimental class used Duolingo Application, while the control class used the “When English Rings a Bell” textbook and dictionaries. The sample for this research was determined using a cluster random sampling technique. The treatment was carried out in first meeting. In collecting data, this research used a test instrument in the form of 40 multiple choice questions. Before giving treatment, a pretest was carried out. Then, after the treatment has been carried out, a post test was given. The results showed that there is a significant difference in student scores before and after treatment. This research used hypothesis testing, especially the T-test, to find out whether the Duolingo Application had a significant effect on students' vocabulary scores. And the results show that Sig. (?value) = 0.000 < ? = 0.05. So Ha is accepted and Ho is rejected. It can be concluded that there is a significant effect of using the Duolingo Application on increasing the vocabulary mastery of 7th grade students at SMP Negeri 32 Bandar Lampung in the 2023/2024 academic year.

This article discusses the important role of teaching the Indonesian language for Foreign Speakers (BIPA) in supporting the internationalization of the language of Indonesia, with a focus on the use of the culinary material "Timlo Solo" in learning BIPA at Yale University. Through a qualitative method with a literature study approach, the study reviews the history, variation, way of making, culinary location, and role in Timlo Solo's local culinarian culture. The results of the study show that the use of Timlo solo's cooking lessons helps foreign students understand not only language, but also the cultural context, social life, and norms in Indonesia. By using culinary as a teaching material, BIPA students can gain a deeper understanding of Indonesian cultural diversity. In addition, the culinary integration in BIPA learning enriches the learning experience with practical and enjoyable aspects. In the context of the internationalization of the Indonesian language, the use of Timlo Solo’s culinary lessons at Yale University is a significant step in broadening the understanding and appreciation of Indonesia’s culture among foreign students.

This research examines the translation of instructions for using skin care products from English into Indonesian, focusing on translation shifts as defined by Catford (1965). These shifts include level shifts and category shifts (structure, class, unit and intra-system shifts). This research analyzes how these shifts occur and adapt to the Indonesian linguistic and cultural context. Data from brands including Wardah, Avoskin, and Garnier were collected and analyzed using a qualitative descriptive method. The findings highlight common shifts, like structural changes due to syntactic differences and word class shifts to maintain meaning. Understanding these shifts can improve translation strategies, ensuring that bilingual packaging is clear, accurate, and culturally appropriate, thus increasing consumer understanding and satisfaction.

This research was conducted by describing what happened in the field regarding the use of prokem language among students and the existence of Indonesian language at this time. The first research objective is the reason students use prokem language, secondly how often students use prokem language, thirdly the impact of using prokem language on the existence of Indonesian language. The research method used is descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques in the form of interviews with students majoring in geography education at Medan State University, observation and literature study to provide supporting data from the analysis of data obtained in the field. The results and discussion obtained that students today are very often using prokem language in daily communication and in the campus environment, the reason they use prokem language is because they want to be up to date and follow current trends. The negative impact of prokem language results in a decrease in the existence of good and correct Indonesian in today's society and this also has a negative impact on the quality of writing and speaking of students as an academic

This study explores the crucial role of educational management in Christian Religious Education (CRE) and emphasizes its significance in shaping the curriculum and objectives of CRE programs. It delves into the integral relationship between educational management and CRE, highlighting the need for systematic adherence to educational management principles within religious education. Effective educational management ensures the clear communication and achievement of goals and objectives in CRE. By organizing the curriculum, setting standards, and implementing teaching strategies, educational management fosters an environment conducive to the spiritual growth and development of students. Moreover, educational management provides guidance for educators in delivering CRE effectively. Through proper planning, coordination, and evaluation, educational management aligns the teaching-learning process with the overall objectives of education. It also facilitates resource allocation to support the implementation of CRE, ensuring that educators receive necessary training and support. The study concludes that integrating sound management principles into CRE is essential for creating meaningful learning experiences that nurture students' spiritual growth. It emphasizes the importance of recognizing the impact of educational management on the quality and effectiveness of CRE programs. Overall, the study underscores the imperative for educators and stakeholders in religious education to embrace best practices in educational management. By doing so, they can create an environment where students thrive both spiritually and academically, contributing positively to their communities and the world at large.

This research was motivated by the author with the aim of identifying the moral values in several characters in the novel Hopeless by Colleen Hoover. In this research, researchers used descriptive qualitative research methodology by presenting data in the form of explanations or descriptions. From the research data, a series of events were found which were then analyzed accordance with the object of research object on moral values, including; human relationships with themselves, human relationships with other humans, and human relationships with God. Then the moral values embedded in literary works can be seen as a form of ethics or moral guidance that accompanies them. The presence of these values is not merely an addition or supporting device, but rather an integral element that enriches the meaning of the literary works as a whole. Therefore, it can be interpreted that literary works. Especially in the form of novels, are not only narrative for pleasure, but also embed moral messages that have the potential to arouse the readers’ awareness of moral values faced in everyday life.

This study conducts a comprehensive content analysis of the textbook titled "Everyday English for Hospitality Professionals". Through the lens of textbook evaluation, the research aims to assess the effectiveness and suitability of the content in meeting the learning needs of professionals in the hospitality industry. Utilizing established criteria, the analysis scrutinizes the relevance, clarity, and practicality of the material, particularly in facilitating language skill development tailored to the demands of the hospitality profession. The findings of this study offer valuable insights for curriculum development and instructional material selection, contributing to the enhancement of English language learning experiences for hospitality professionals.

This article is intended to know the characteristics of the collection of poems June Rain through the description of the use of figurative language to find out the author's message. This study used the descriptive-anatiltis method, meaning that every data that has been obtained is then analyzed. Qualitative data obtained from the results of a study of the use of figurative language, fifteen poems of June Rain have different characteristics, overall the figurative language used is comparison (metaphor and personification), contradiction (oxymoron, climax, and litotes), linkage (synecdoke and erosthetic), repetition of the type of repetition and expression but there is a dominant figurative language used by poets, namely the use of language Kias type personification. While the author's message in the fifteen poems is related to human social life, namely there are those with the theme of love, longing, sadness, to those with the theme of death. Furthermore, based on the results of the study of the use of figurative language to find out the author's message, guidelines for the use of teaching materials and the thoughts of teachers of Indonesian subjects, the collection of June Rain poems can be used as material or teaching materials because they contain good values based on the results of the analysis.

The independent curriculum is a restoration of the 2013 curriculum which was previously implemented in educational institutions in Indonesia. Currently, the restoration of the curriculum to an independent curriculum is due to the need for students to be able to improve the quality of education in Indonesia. With advances in technology, of course the role of an independent curriculum is also very important to collaborate in improving the quality of education in Indonesia. The aim of this research is to find out the role of technology as supporting the success of implementing an independent curriculum in schools, apart from that it also wants to see what are the obstacles to collaborative technological progress in the education system. This research that uses qualitative descriptive analysis produces detailed and clear analysis. In collecting data, researchers use library research by looking at various sources that are relevant to the research. The data analysis technique goes through several steps, namely data collection carried out by researchers by grouping data arranged in narrative form, then data reduction, namely collecting important data from the information found and in accordance with the problem topic, then presenting the data with narrative explanations that are strengthened from the study. literature, and finally draw conclusions.

The purpose of this research is to find out the grammatical and lexical aspects of the  short story “Being Disappointed, Grieving Without Words” by Putu Wijaya. The method used  is descriptive method, qualitative in the form of words. The results of the research show the  following things. First, the grammatical aspect which consists of references, subtitutions,  conjunctions, and ellipsis. Second, the lexical aspect which consist of repetition, synonymy,  antonym, and collocation.

This article reviews a syntax-based analysis of predication in language, delving into its underlying linguistic structure. The research conducted employs analytical methods sourced from literature to comprehend sentence construction and the syntactic relationships forming predication. The findings of the analysis present a profound understanding of the framework of predication in language and its implications in human communication. In the exploration of syntax and predication in linguistics, the syntactic approach highlights the essential relationship between subject and predicate in a sentence. Predication maps what is stated about the subject, and syntax-based analysis reveals its basic structure. Syntax, with its central role, is key to understanding sentence structure and the meaning conveyed in communication. Research on this concept shows how the arrangement of words, phrases, and clauses forms predication.

This research examines “Karang Awake Tandurin”, the oral expression of the Balinese people, which is the domain of intangible culture. Cultural expressions taken from the work of Ida Pedanda Made Sidemen from Griya Intaran Sanur. This excerpt from the text Karang Awake Tandurin is published in the Traditional Balinese Literary work Geguritan Selampah Laku, a Balinese work that was composed and written by himself and tells the personal life history of Ida Pedanda Made Sidemen in Bali Script. This research used a post-structural approach from critical theories. The theories used were Jauss’ reception theory, Pierce’s semiotic theory, and Barthes’ mythology theory. The meaning entities of the Balinese words ‘karang’, ‘awak’ and ‘tandurin’ actually both stand alone, however in life, the use of the three depends on each other, in humans’ relationship with nature and agrarian culture. ‘Tandurin’ is a representation of agricultural activities, ‘karang’ is a representation of nature, and ‘awak’ is a representation of humans. Delve into yourself, understand yourself, reflect on it to its roots, and your perception will become higher. Melting into and becoming the idea of Ida Pedanda Made Sidemen invites every reader to look inside themselves and no longer look elsewhere to start simple life

This study discusses the perceptions of students in the Internship Course with a focus on the Microteaching experience in the context of English Language Education. The study aims to explore how Microteaching affects the preparation and skills of prospective English language educators, as well as its impact on students' understanding of practical theory and confidence. Through a descriptive qualitative method, data were collected from 15 English Language Education students who took the Internship Course with Microteaching activities through the use of a questionnaire. The results showed that the majority of students responded positively to the Microteaching experience, stating an increase in teaching skills (60.00%), understanding of practical theory (46.67%), and confidence (66.67%). Although some felt the need for improvement in theoretical understanding and levels of confidence, the overall results showed that Microteaching provides a clear perspective on the reality of teaching English in the field (80.00%). Thus, the Microteaching experience in the Internship Course provides a strong foundation for the development of teaching skills and understanding of practical theory, as well as increasing confidence for prospective English language educators, providing an important basis for the development of curriculum and educational programs in the future

This research aims to analyze the content of the short story entitled "Amarah Virus Pada Negeriku" by Ike Loveni Nur Safitri based on the impact of the virus on city conditions from economic, population aspects in the form of migration and transportation. The research approach used in this research is descriptive qualitative with a content analysis strategy method. This short story tells about the rapid increase in the Covid-19 virus and the policies implemented by the government to suppress its spread. From this, the impact on city conditions emerged, such as the economy in the city being disrupted, transportation within the city not running well, the migration process being disrupted, and the policies implemented apparently helping to reduce problems in the city, especially air pollution.

This article discusses effective sentences in Indonesian for successful communication, particularly in two common situations encountered in professional and educational environments. Case analyses involve examining real-life cases from various communication situations in daily life. These cases may include situations in both professional and educational settings. This analysis will assist researchers and readers in understanding the application of effective communication concepts in practical contexts, as well as reinforce understanding of the importance of effective sentences in communicating in the Indonesian language.

Abstract. The aim of this research is to describe the forms of inferior and superior attitudes of the main character in the novel 7 Warrior Bapak by Wulan Nuramalia in terms of Alfred Adler's individual psychology regarding how humans move through their natural nature, namely inferior, towards superiority or success. The problem raised is what the inferior and superior attitudes of the main character of the novel are like. This research includes descriptive qualitative research. The data source for this research is the novel 7 Soldiers Mr by Wulan Nuramalia by reading and writing. The method used uses library research. This analysis uses Alfred Adler's individual psychology theory, especially those related to inferior and superior. The results obtained show that there are several forms of inferiority attitudes towards the Yoga character in the novel 7 Soldiers, as well as the success or superiority of the Yoga character in realizing his ideals.

This ressearch discusses the comparison of two languages, namely Lio and English, with Lio as the regional language or language of origin and English as the target language. In this study limited the study to comparing how many vowels and consonants there are from each language, after researchers know the number of vowels and consonants present in Lio language researchers compare with vowels and consonants in English to find out where the similarities and differences between vowel phonemes and consonant phonemes from the two languages are located. In this study the author used a qualitative descriptive method with the aim of knowing the phonemes of vowels and consonants in Lio and English, then from the phonemes of vowels and consonants the author compared to find out the location of similarities and differences between the two languages, with the data collection technique used was to conduct interviews with local communities and the results of the interviews were recorded and analyzed by the author. From this study it can be seen that:: (1). There are 5 types of vowels, namely; a, I, u, e, o in Lio and English, (2) there are 20 types of consonants in Lio b, c, d, f, g, h, j, k, l, m, n, p, r, s,t,w and 24 consonants in English, namely; B,C,D,F,G,H,J,K,L,M,N,P,Q,R,S,T,V,W,X,Y,Z. (3) The difference between the two languages lies in the sound of speech and consonants. Different consonants are: consonants q, y, z, x, which exist in Lio besides that there are changes in pronunciation sounds in English vowels and consonants while in Lio language there can be no sound changes in both vowels and consonants. (4) The similarities between the two languages are vowels of both languages and some consonants4.

In this research, we will present a culinary dish in the form of "Fried Rice" which is so well known that it can be used as a teaching material for foreign students in the United States, especially at Yale University. The method used in this research is qualitative research. This method is used to describe students' responses after trying traditional culinary delights, namely fried rice. The BIPA teaching materials created can be adapted to students' ability to speak Indonesian. In the first lesson, the teacher can provide teaching materials using simple language, language that is easy for students to understand. After students can use simple Indonesian, then students will be given teaching materials in a rather complicated language and then teaching materials in a more complex language. In the research "Nasi Goreng" is an excellent choice because of its popularity in Indonesia, as well as the diversity of ways of making it which can reflect Indonesia's diverse culture.

This study aims to compare the Aloconal Batak language with the Indonesian Alophone through phonological analysis. The research method used is a comparative descriptive analysis by collecting data from native speakers of Batak and Bahasa Indonesia. Data are collected through interviews and direct observations. Analysis was conducted by comparing alophone-alophone that appeared in both languages, including differences in pronunciation, emphasis, and intonation. The results of the analysis show that there is a significant difference between the Bath and Alophone Bloit alloop in the case of pronunciation and emphasis. This findings indicate that the second phonological system of language has different characteristics. The implications of this study are the importance of understanding the phonological differences between Batak and Indonesian language in the context of the language of the second language or foreign language teaching.

The writing of this article was carried out to show and provide education to tourists about what is in the Cirendeu traditional village and what prohibitions there are in the Cirendeu traditional village, so that it can be used as a tourist attraction in Cimahi for tourists. By using the observation method, searching for online-based data and information and also conducting research directly by visiting the Cirendeu traditional village. The Cirendeu traditional village has cultural and artistic values that are still present in their lives. By conducting this research, we hope that tourists will realize and care more about how important it is to maintain the natural beauty and cultural values in a tourist destination. Cireundeu Traditional Village is one of the Tourist Attractions (DTW) in the cultural aspect and is the only traditional village that applies the tourist village concept in Cimahi City. Cireundeu Traditional Village has a variety of potential, but has not been managed and developed well so it has not yet become a sustainable tourism destination. Thus, this article will analyze the various potentials as well as the shortcomings and weaknesses of the Cireundeu Traditional Village, so that the strategy for developing this tourist village can be known.
 
 

Merdeka Belajar encourages students to actively utilize technology and get used to digital literacy. Digital literacy includes the ability to use and understand information and communication technology, including the ability to access, evaluate, and use information critically, as well as the ability to communicate and collaborate using technology. The purpose of this research is to describe the condition of teaching materials, explore the need for developing teaching materials, and disseminate Indonesian teaching materials based on virtual tours that can be used in Karaganyar Regency High Schools. This research uses a qualitative descriptive approach. Data collection techniques were carried out by means of active observation, interviews, documentation, and using questionnaires. The results showed that students of SMK Negeri Matesih had an interest in EdLink learning media. The ease of access gives students a high enthusiasm for learning. EdLink learning media provides a positive response, namely: (1) students utilize devices for learning, (2) students can understand the material independently, (3) students are active in asking questions about the material, and (4) students are careful, focused, and effective in utilizing time to do the assessment. From the data obtained, it can be concluded that learning media using EdLink can help students' interest in learning.