The current transformation of the workplace demands that organizations be more adaptive in understanding the factors that influence employee productivity, especially among the younger generation. Generation Z, as an age group that is starting to dominate the workforce, brings different characteristics and needs, including in terms of work-life balance and motivation. They tend to value time more, opportunities for self-development, and an inclusive work environment that supports a balance between professional and personal life. This study aims to determine the relationship between work-life balance and motivation on the performance of Generation Z employees in Klaten Regency. This study used a quantitative approach with a survey method. A total of 100 respondents were selected using a purposive sampling technique based on age and employment status criteria. The research instrument was a questionnaire using a five-point Likert scale, which included statements related to the dimensions of work-life balance, levels of work motivation (both intrinsic and extrinsic), and employee performance indicators. Data were analyzed using IBM SPSS version 25 software with correlation tests and multiple regression. The results showed that both work-life balance and motivation have a positive and significant relationship on employee performance. Among these two variables, motivation is the dominant factor influencing performance improvement. This suggests that while work-life balance is important, internal employee motivations such as passion, purpose, and a sense of belonging have a greater impact on job performance. The implications of these findings suggest that companies need to design human resource management strategies that are not only flexible but also responsive to the needs of the younger generation. Creating a work environment that supports work-life balance, provides recognition, and provides career opportunities.

This study aims to examine the influence of financial performance ratios—namely, the liquidity ratio (Current Ratio/CR), solvency ratio (Debt to Asset Ratio/DAR), and activity ratio (Total Asset Turnover/TATO)—on the return on assets (ROA) of companies in the automotive sector listed on the Indonesia Stock Exchange (IDX) during the period 2020–2023. Employing a quantitative research approach with purposive sampling, the study focuses on automotive sector companies that met specific criteria over the observed time span. Data analysis was conducted using EViews version 13 software, and the methodology included descriptive statistics, panel data estimation, classical assumption tests, panel data regression analysis, t-tests (for partial effects), F-tests (for simultaneous effects), and coefficient of determination (R²) tests. The partial test results reveal that the liquidity ratio (CR) has a negative but statistically insignificant effect on ROA, indicating that higher liquidity does not necessarily enhance profitability. Similarly, the solvency ratio (DAR) demonstrates a negative and insignificant effect on ROA, suggesting that increased debt levels are not significantly associated with lower returns. In contrast, the activity ratio (TATO) has a positive and significant effect on ROA, implying that better asset utilization contributes positively to profitability. When tested simultaneously, the combination of CR, DAR, and TATO shows a positive and significant influence on ROA, indicating that these financial ratios collectively impact the profitability of automotive companies. These findings contribute to a deeper understanding of how internal financial indicators relate to profitability in the automotive sector and can inform management decisions and investor evaluations.

This study was conducted with the aim of evaluating the extent to which sand quality influences consumer purchasing decisions in the sand mining area located in Kalicilik Hamlet, Candirejo Village, Blitar Regency. The background of this research is based on the fact that in the construction and development sector, the quality of building materials is a very crucial factor. Sand, as one of the main components in construction, plays a vital role in determining the final outcome of a construction project. Therefore, the quality of the sand used is a primary consideration for consumers in choosing a location or sand seller. This study applies a quantitative approach using a survey method as a data collection technique. Respondents in this study consisted of 74 consumers who actively make purchases at the sand mining location. Data were obtained through the distribution of questionnaires containing questions related to consumer perceptions of sand quality and their decisions in making purchases. The collected data were then analyzed using simple linear regression analysis techniques run with the help of SPSS software. The results of the analysis indicate a highly significant relationship between sand quality and consumer purchasing decisions. This is demonstrated by the coefficient of determination (R²) of 0.540, meaning that 54% of the variation in consumer purchasing decisions can be explained by sand quality. Furthermore, the significance value of 0.000 strengthens this finding, indicating that the relationship is not a coincidence. Therefore, this study concludes that the better the quality of sand offered by the mining company, the higher the likelihood of consumers deciding to purchase. The implication of these results is that businesses in the sand mining sector need to pay special attention to the quality of the products they offer.

In order to improve the development of Islamic businesses, business actors are advised to improve their understanding of sharia principles, develop innovative products that meet market needs, and implement ethical marketing strategies. The government needs to take supportive policies, such as issuing regulations that facilitate the development of Islamic businesses, providing education and training programs for business actors, and facilitating access to financing through financial institutions that offer Islamic products. For future research, it is recommended to conduct case studies on successful sharia business actors, analyze the impact of government policies on the growth of this industry, and conduct comparisons with other countries that have more advanced sharia industries to gain insights and best practices that can be applied.

This research discusses the application of musyarakah contracts as a sharia financing solution for Micro, Small and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) in the midst of digital economic development. MSMEs have a crucial role in sustaining the Indonesian economy, but still experience difficulties in accessing fair and sustainable financing. The musyarakah agreement, with its partnership and profit-sharing principles, is considered to be in line with the character of MSMEs that prioritize cooperation and justice. Through a qualitative approach based on a literature study, this research explores the potential, regulatory challenges, and strategies to strengthen the implementation of digital musyarakah. The results of the analysis show that digitalization offers great opportunities in promoting Islamic financial inclusion, but is still constrained by low digital literacy, limited infrastructure, and weak supervision of sharia principles. Therefore, a strategy is needed that includes improving education, developing Islamic financial technology, and collaboration between regulators, financial service providers, and MSME players. This study concludes that the successful implementation of digital musyarakah requires an integrated approach so that MSMEs are able to access Islamic financing independently, fairly and sustainably.

Relational databases, an essential component in modern information systems, are vulnerable to various security threats, both internal such as abuse of access rights, and external such as SQL injection, malware, and hacking. Given these conditions, how can relevant mitigation strategies be implemented to protect data security in relational databases? This article aims to identify the main threats to relational database security and map out relevant mitigation strategies. The method used is a literature review of various recent scientific journals that discuss aspects of data security in the context of relational databases. The results of the review indicate that threats such as SQL injection can be overcome by strict input validation, abuse of access rights can be prevented through role-based access control (RBAC), malware attacks can be detected using an intrusion detection system (IDS), and hacking actions can be minimized through the implementation of data encryption. This study is expected to be a reference in designing effective security strategies to protect data in relational databases.

Hang Nadim International Airport in Batam, as one of Indonesia's main airports, plays a vital role in supporting both domestic and international air mobility. However, its proximity to protected forests and green open spaces poses a serious challenge in the form of wildlife hazard risks in the airside area. The main problem identified is the potential for flight disturbances and accidents caused by the presence of wild animals such as birds, monkeys, stray dogs, and cats, which can lead to incidents like bird strikes and Foreign Object Debris (FOD). This study aims to determine the level of wildlife hazard risk in the airside area of Hang Nadim International Airport and to provide effective control recommendations to improve aviation safety. This research uses a descriptive method with qualitative and quantitative approaches. Data were collected through field observations, interviews with relevant staff, and documentation of wildlife hazard incidents that occurred from 2022 to early 2024. Risk analysis was carried out using the Hazard Identification and Risk Assessment (HIRA) method, by identifying the types of wild animals that frequently appear, the frequency of incidents, and the impact on airport operations. The results show that the level of wildlife hazard risk in the airside area of Hang Nadim International Airport is categorized as moderate to high, especially for incidents involving birds and monkeys. Events such as aircraft delays during takeoff or landing, as well as the discovery of animal carcasses on the runway, indicate the need for more effective management. Therefore, wildlife hazard risk management must be a priority to ensure the safety and smooth operation of flights at Hang Nadim International Airport.

This research aims to determine and analyze the influence of Mobile banking, Internet banking, digital transformation of financial performance in banking companies listed on the IDX for 2019-2023. The sample size was set at 5 banking companies with observation data from 2019 to 2023. The type of data used is secondary data in the form of panel data. The data analysis technique used is multiple linear regression with the Eviews application. The results of this research show that Mobile banking, Internet  Banking and digital transformation simultaneously influences financial performance; Mobile banking partially has a positive and significant effect on financial performance; Internet  Banking partially has a positive but not significant effect on financial performance; Digital transformation partially has a positive but not significant effect on financial performance. It is hoped that companies can implement and improve information technology infrastructure in services digital banking and can be implemented by banking companies to improve company performance.

This research aims to investigate the impact of extroverted personality traits on the dimensions of self-efficacy among employees in the telecommunications industry in Metro City. The study is grounded in the significance of innovation and employee performance in navigating today’s complex business environment. Employing a quantitative approach with a survey method, the study involved 110 respondents from the telecommunications sector. Data were gathered through questionnaires and analyzed using simple regression analysis. The findings indicate that extroversion has a positive and significant effect on all aspects of self-efficacy: level, generality, and strength. The mean score for extroversion was 4.15, while the mean scores for the self-efficacy dimensions were 4.18 (level), 4.30 (generality), and 4.32 (strength). Regression analysis revealed that extroversion influences the level dimension by 52.9%, generality by 64.8%, and strength by 69.1%. All hypotheses were supported with significance values below 0.05, indicating statistically significant relationships between the variables.

Correspondence is one of the most important formal communication media in an organization because it functions to convey information clearly, systematically, and well-documented so as to support smooth communication between departments. This study aims to determine the role of correspondence in improving the effectiveness of organizational communication, as well as identifying challenges and solutions applied in its management. The method used is descriptive qualitative with data collection through interviews, observations, and documentation studies in an organization. The results of the study indicate that correspondence is effective as a formal communication tool that supports coordination between departments, although there are several obstacles such as late delivery and incorrect letter formats. Solutions such as administrative training, use of electronic filing systems, letter writing guidelines, and supervision have been proven to help improve the quality of correspondence. With good management, correspondence contributes significantly to improving the effectiveness of organizational communication as a whole.

The purpose of this study is to determine how organizational culture, leadership, and compensation impact employee performance at Forever Hope Digital Printing Surabaya, with job satisfaction as an intermediary. This research was conducted quantitatively with a simple random sampling method, and questionnaires were distributed to 64 respondents. Data analysis was conducted using descriptive analysis and path analysis techniques, which were processed using IBM SPSS Version 20. The results showed that organizational culture, leadership, and individual compensation had a positive impact on employee performance at Forever Hope Digital Printing Surabaya, although not significantly. However, leadership and compensation have a positive and significant impact on employee job satisfaction in the company. In addition, job satisfaction has a positive and significant impact on employee performance. Thus, job satisfaction serves as a mediator that explains the relationship between organizational culture, leadership, and compensation with employee performance at Forever Hope Digital Printing Surabaya.

This study aims to analyze the influence of Resource-Based View (RBV) on innovation performance in Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) that have expanded internationally, with government information access as a moderation variable. This study uses a quantitative approach with the Partial Least Squares Structural Equation Modeling (PLS-SEM) method. The object of the research is CV. Delta Raya, an MSME in the furniture sector from Batu City that has successfully penetrated the export market to Japan, South Korea, and Mexico. The results of the study show that human capital investment and political connections have a significant positive effect on innovation performance. Although international experience does not have a direct effect, the effect becomes significant when moderated by government information access. Access to government information also strengthens the influence of political connections on innovation. The implications of this study underscore the importance of collaboration between MSME actors and government institutions in encouraging internal resource-based innovation.

This study aims to analyze the marketing strategies implemented by non-BPJS private hospitals in increasing revenue and competitiveness amidst the dominance of BPJS services in Indonesia. Private hospitals face challenges in attracting patients due to the perception of high service costs and limited public access. However, they have advantages in speed of service, modern facilities, and direct access to specialists. This study uses a literature review method with a content analysis approach to various secondary sources such as scientific journals, industry reports, and policy documents. The results of the study indicate that the implementation of a marketing strategy based on the 7P marketing mix concept (product, price, place, promotion, people, process, physical evidence), digital marketing, and customer relationship management through Customer Relationship Management (CRM) are key to increasing patient attraction and loyalty. Collaboration with private insurance also provides added value through ease of payment and access to premium health services. This study provides recommendations for hospitals in developing adaptive, holistic, and patient satisfaction-oriented marketing strategies.

This paper explains the payment process for mooring and pilotage of PT. Pelayaran Nusabhakti Tatasegara Batam. The method used in this observation is field research. The author of the paper with library research activities where the author gets material or paper materials from books in the library or other reading sources related to the subject matter taken from PT. Pelayaran Nusabhakti Tatasegara is one of the companies engaged in the agency sector. PT. Pelayaran Nusabhakti Tatasegara Batam serves many types of ships ranging from tugboats-barges to LCT (Landing Craft Tank) cargo ships at Batam port. In its payment system using the BSIMS system after the PUK (General Statement of the ship) is issued at Bsim, it can be continued by carrying out the Fund hold process until it is paid off. The purpose of this paper research is to find out how the Payment Process for Mooring and Pilotage in the BSIMS Special Batam system by PT. Pelayaran Nusabhakti Tatasegara Batam. The process starts from registration to Paid Off. The conclusion of this paper is the payment process for Anchorage and Pilotage on the Special BSIMS System for Batam by PT. Pelayaran Nusabhakti Tatasegara Batam runs smoothly and in accordance with existing procedures, but there are still various obstacles experienced including network disruptions in the system which cause difficulties in inputting data into the system, double holds occur in the officer system, PUK does not come out because the PUK activity at the previous port has not been closed, which causes the PUK not to come out.
 

Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) play a crucial role in supporting the national economy, particularly in the fisheries sector. This study was conducted through a direct interview with a fish farming MSME, GG Sawah Farm, managed by Legiono. The purpose was to explore the dynamics of catfish and pangasius farming businesses, including business history, capital needs, marketing strategies, and the challenges faced. The findings reveal that despite its promising economic potential, the business encounters various obstacles such as feed costs, seed availability, and climate changes. However, through innovations such as the use of alternative feed, social media marketing, and product diversification into the frozen food sector, the enterprise has managed to survive and grow. This study recommends improving production efficiency, increasing financial support, and encouraging collaboration with stakeholders to enhance the sustainability and development of small-scale fish farming businesses in Indonesia.

In the modern era marked by technological advances, the use of smartphones has become an important part of everyday life. This technological advancement encourages people to continue to update the way they carry out their daily activities. Smartphones make various activities easier, including long-distance communication which now feels closer thanks to sophisticated technology. This sophistication is enjoyed by various groups regardless of age or profession. The digital payment system has experienced rapid development, providing significant convenience for its users. This technology plays a strategic role in encouraging the revitalization of MSMEs by offering fast, safe, and efficient transaction solutions. In the context of developing MSME digitalization, the digital payment system not only makes it easier for business actors to manage transactions but also increases consumer convenience in shopping. With proper implementation, digital payments support the operational efficiency of MSMEs, expand market access, and accelerate the adoption of the digital ecosystem. Based on research results, the use of digital payment systems has been proven to contribute positively to the transformation of MSMEs, helping them become more competitive and able to adapt amidst changes in the increasingly digital economic landscape. This emphasizes the importance of adopting digital payment technology as an integral part of the MSME revitalization strategy. This study aims to analyze the positive impact of the use of technology, especially in online marketing, digital payment systems on the revitalization of MSMEs.

This study discusses the urgency of green marketing strategies and practices due to changes in consumer behavior trends. Currently, environmental sustainability issues are a major concern for society, not interacting in their product and service consumption activities. This study was conducted using a qualitative method, namely a literature review. Of the 15 article titles described, most of them show that the implementation of environmentally friendly marketing strategies brings positive benefits to businesses. Specifically, what is studied in this study is its influence on environmentally friendly purchasing decisions, customer loyalty and brand image enhancement. These findings can be practical recommendations for business actors and marketing practitioners to develop various environmentally friendly product and service innovations and carry out innovative green marketing practices in the future. So that they are able to gain benefits in the form of increased sales, customer loyalty and positive brand image as well as contributions to environmental sustainability or desires.

This study aims to analyze the influence of social media marketing and brand ambassadors on the purchase interest of Glad2Glow products on MissGlam. The development of digital technology has influenced the way companies market their products, especially through social media platforms. This study uses a quantitative approach with a survey method, where data is collected through questionnaires distributed to 100 respondents who are active social media users and MissGlam customers. Data analysis was carried out using multiple linear regression to test the influence of each independent variable on product purchase interest. The results of the study show that both social media marketing and brand ambassadors have a positive and significant influence on the purchase interest of Glad2Glow products. Social media marketing, with interesting content and promotion through digital platforms, has a strong impact on building awareness and purchase interest. In addition, the presence of brand ambassadors who have influence on the audience also plays an important role in increasing consumer purchasing decisions. These findings provide implications for companies to further maximize digital marketing strategies and choose the right brand ambassadors to increase product purchase interest in a competitive market.

Job satisfaction in a company has an important impact, not only for employees, but also for the company itself. Job satisfaction is an important aspect to support work productivity. Given that each employee has different characteristics, the level of job satisfaction also varies, and these differences can have various impacts. This study aims to examine how workload and work compensation affect the level of employee job satisfaction. The population and sample were 81 employees of CV. Soso Alsera Murni Jombang, using a saturated sample technique. This study applies a quantitative approach through the distribution of questionnaires and analyzed using multiple linear regression. The results of the study revealed that workload had no effect on job satisfaction, while compensation had a positive and significant effect on job satisfaction. Simultaneously, workload and work compensation had a significant effect on employee job satisfaction at CV. Soso Alsera Murni Jombang.

Household financial management is a crucial factor in maintaining family financial stability, particularly in the face of economic uncertainty. This study examines the strategies employed by households in managing their finances, including budgeting, expenditure control, savings, and investment, as well as the challenges encountered during economic crises. Through a combination of literature review and case studies, the research reveals that households with clear financial planning and adequate emergency funds are more resilient in times of crisis, such as the COVID-19 pandemic. Factors such as income levels, education, and financial literacy significantly influence household financial decisions, while consumption patterns driven by social media often present a challenge. Effective strategies identified include strict budgeting, reducing non-essential expenditures, and prioritizing long-term savings and investments. This study underscores the importance of financial literacy and awareness in household financial management as key to achieving financial stability amidst global and domestic economic uncertainties.

The digital revolution has had a significant impact on the world of education, including English language teaching. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) enable more flexible and interactive learning through online platforms such as Massive Open Online Courses (MOOCs), which provide global access to education at low or no cost. Although MOOCs offer great opportunities, challenges such as the digital divide and integration with traditional curricula remain barriers. Teaching English in the digital era requires innovative approaches that incorporate technology, such as computer-assisted learning (CALL) and AI-based applications, to enhance students' linguistic skills. The role of teachers has also changed, from being a presenter of material to a facilitator who guides students in utilizing digital learning resources. With adequate training and digital literacy support, teachers can integrate technology into learning to create a more relevant and effective learning experience. Adapting to these changes is essential to improving the quality of education in the digital era.

 The Effect of Leadership and Competence on Employee Performance at the Tanralili District Office, Maros Regency. Thesis Management Study Program of the Indonesian Institute of Education Management (STIM-LPI) Makassar, supervised by Dr. Andi Irfan, SE., M.Si and Dr. Amiruddin, S.Ag., M.Ag This research is to determine the effect of leadership and competence partially and the joint influence between leadership and competence on employee performance at the Tanralili sub-district office, Maros Regency. The object of this research is the tanralili sub-district office in maros district. The type of research used is quantitative research by distributing questionnaires via google from. The sample amounted to 32 civil servants. The results of this study indicate that the partial test of Leadership has a significant effect of 0.001 or below 0.05 while Competence also has a positive effect, while simultaneously has a significant effect of 0.001 <0.0 with an F value of 48,243.

Retail business is a business that sells a variety of products, such as daily necessities, household needs, fashion products, beauty, and electronics. One of the important factors that retailers must pay attention to in order to attract buyers to come to the store is layout management. Therefore, this research aims to analyze the layout of space in one of the retail stores located in Bogor, namely Minimarket Malabar so that its operational activities are optimal. This research was conducted using the Activity Relationship Chart (ARC) and Total Closeness Rating (TCR) methods. ARC and TCR analysis shows that the display room becomes the highest space value of 168, meaning that the room is the most important and influential on Minimarket Malabar, so it must be in a strategic place. And the toilet becomes the lowest value of 6 which means that the toilet does not have an important influence on the layout of the Malabar Minimarket space to optimize operational activities.

This study aims to analyze the mediation of purchase interest on the influence of price and on purchasing decisions at Sate Kambing Muda Mas HJT Surakarta. This study uses a primary data collection method, namely by distributing questionnaires where the population in this study were customers of Sate Kambing Muda Mas HJT. Sampling in this study used the accidental sampling technique or happened to meet respondents with a sample of 100. The analysis technique used was Structural Equation Modeling-Partial Least Square (SEM-PLS) and used the SmartPLS 4.0 program. The results of this study indicate that price has a positive and significant effect on purchasing decisions, price has a positive and significant effect on purchasing interest, purchasing decisions have a positive and significant effect on purchasing interest, purchasing interest is able to mediate the effect of price on purchasing decisions.

The need for soybeans in Indonesia increases along with population growth, with demand reaching 2.7 million tons in 2023. Soybeans are an important raw material in the food industry, especially for processed products such as tempeh. This research aims to analyze the control of soybean supplies in the Bogor Regency Tofu and Tempe Cooperative (KOPTI) using the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method. The Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method was chosen because it is able to optimize the costs of ordering and storing raw materials. Primary data was obtained through interviews with KOPTI owners and employees. The analysis results show that the optimal order quantity is 333,371 kg with an order frequency of 4 times per year. In addition, the safety stock required is 82,252 kg, and the reorder point is 85,865 kg. Using the EOQ method can save total inventory costs from IDR 14,332,491.57 to IDR 910,102.39. This research suggests KOPTI to apply the Economic Order Quantity (EOQ) method to increase cost efficiency and maintain stable raw material supplies.

Dyandra Promosindo is a subsidiary of PT Digital Inisiatif, part of Kompas Gramedia, operating in the MICE (Meetings, Incentives, Conference, and Exhibitions) sector. The event organizer is responsible for determining the theme and overall concept of the event, which serves as the foundation for all event-related aspects. This study aims to understand the role of Dyandra Promosindo Surabaya as an event organizer in organizing an event, namely the Indonesia International Motor Show (IIMS) 2024 in Surabaya. The findings show that Dyandra Promosindo plays a crucial role in promoting products or company brands through various types of events such as expos or exhibitions. The implications of this study highlight the importance of the role of event organizers in the success of events and the satisfaction of all involved parties.

This study aims to analyze the influence of work discipline and work ability on the work performance of employees at the Office of the National Population and Family Planning Agency (BKKBN) of Bima City. The research method used is a quantitative approach with survey techniques. Data was collected through a questionnaire distributed to Bima City BKKBN employees. The results of the study show that work discipline and work ability significantly affect employee work performance. Good work discipline can improve employee performance, while adequate work skills also make a positive contribution to work performance. This finding provides practical implications for BKKBN management in an effort to improve employee work performance through strengthening discipline and developing work skills.

This research aims to (1). To find out whether work discipline has a significant effect on the performance of PT employees. Darma Henwa (ACP) Tanah Laut Regency. (2). To find out whether leadership style has a significant effect on the performance of PT employees. Darma Henwa (ACP) Tanah Laut Regency. (3). To find out whether discipline and leadership style simultaneously have a significant effect on the performance of PT employees. Darma Henwa (ACP) Tanah Laut Regency. The method in this research uses quantitative methods and data analysis techniques use multiple linear regression. The sample for this research consisted of 74 employees in the PT operator sector. Darma Henwa (ACP) Tanah Laut Regency and the data collection techniques used in this research were direct observation and distribution of questionnaires at PT. Darma Henwa (ACP) Tanah Laut Regency.The research results show that work discipline has a significant effect on the performance of PT. Darma Henwa (ACP) Tanah Laut Regency, as well as leadership style have a significant influence on the performance of PT. Darma Henwa (ACP) Tanah Laut Regency. Discipline and leadership style greatly influence employee performance at PT. Darma Henwa Asam-Asam Coal Project (ACP). Good discipline and effective leadership are proven to increase efficiency, productivity and job satisfaction. These two factors explain 59.4% of the variation in employee performance, indicating the importance of discipline and leadership in improving performance.
 
 

This research aims to investigate theoretical and practical approaches in optimizing the potential of human resources and employees. The research method used is a literature review with a qualitative approach to explore the conceptual framework supporting effective HR management practices. The literature review includes an in-depth review of relevant academic literature, covering key concepts in HR management such as motivation, leadership, career development, and performance measurement. Critical analysis of various theories and models helps in understanding the complexity and dynamics of HR management. The findings of this literature review indicate that theoretical approaches provide a solid conceptual foundation for understanding the basic principles in HR management, while practical approaches enable the implementation of strategies appropriate to the organizational context. The integration of theory and practice is key to developing effective and sustainable HR management strategies. The findings of this literature review provide valuable insights for practitioners in designing and implementing successful HR management practices. By understanding the theoretical framework and applying it contextually, organizations can optimize the potential of their human resources and employees, thereby enhancing organizational performance and competitiveness in the dynamic global market.

Currently, the beauty care industry is experiencing significant sales growth. However, in 2022, the number of monthly web visits to Sociolla decreased. High perceived risk can make consumers hesitant to make purchases. Similarly, online customer reviews can greatly impact consumer confidence. This study aims to determine the effect of online customer reviews and perceived risk on purchasing decisions for Sociolla consumers in Medan city. The research employed a quantitative approach with an associative design. The study focused on Sociolla application users in Medan City, with a sample size of 96 respondents selected through non-probability purposive sampling.  Primary data was collected through direct distribution of questionnaires, while secondary data was obtained through literature review. The study results suggest that online customer reviews have a significant positive impact on purchasing decisions. The t-count value of 4.478 (>1.985) and a significance value of 0.000 (<0.05) indicate this. Additionally, perceived risk also has a significant positive effect on purchasing decisions, with a t-count value of 2.049 (>1.985) and a significance value of 0.043 (<0.05), and a regression coefficient value of 0.134. During simultaneous testing, the variable of online customer reviews and perceived risk have a combined effect with a level of influence of 21.3%. The remaining 78.7% is influenced by factors outside the scope of this study.