Traffic congestion is a major challenge in many big cities, including Serang City, Banten Province. This study aims to optimize vehicle flow at a four-way intersection using a traffic light system based on Omron CP1L Programmable Logic Controller (PLC). The research method involves simulation and hardware experiments to analyze traffic efficiency. The simulation results show that the PLC system can adjust the duration of traffic lights based on vehicle density, thereby reducing queues and increasing vehicle flow efficiency. This study concludes that the PLC-based approach is effective for more dynamic traffic management and recommends further improvements to the design aspects of indicator lights to ensure signal clarity for road users.

This research was motivated by vehicle users who did not remember when to service their vehicle, causing damage to the vehicle. Therefore, a system is needed to provide information about vehicle service schedules using electronic media, one of which is WhatsApp messages. This research was conducted at TOMO Pondok Mahkota Motor. The research method is a quantitative method. The data collection techniques used were interviews, observation and questionnaires. In preparing this application system, the UML method was used. Application development using the PHP programming language and preparation of database structures using MySQL. The research results show that this system is useful for recording customer data, providing information on the next four-wheeled vehicle service schedule to customers, customers find out information on the next four-wheeled vehicle service schedule via WhatsApp notifications. 

This research aims to design and implement a web-based administrative service information system at the West Umbu Ratu Nggay District Office using the Waterfall method. This information system was developed to increase efficiency and effectiveness in managing administrative services, such as writing letters, archiving documents and other administrative processes which often take a long time if done manually. By applying the Waterfall method, system development is carried out in stages, starting from requirements analysis, design, implementation, testing, to maintenance. This method was chosen because of its ability to ensure that each stage of system development is carried out in a structured and detailed manner. The research results show that the information system developed is able to automate various administrative processes at the Umbu Ratu Nggay Barat District Office, making it easier for employees to carry out their duties and improving the quality of service to the community. Evaluation of this system was carried out through functional testing and user trials, which showed that the system functions well and meets the administrative needs of the sub-district office.

This research aims to explore the use of Canva as an interactive learning medium at the elementary school level. Canva, an easy-to-use graphic design platform, offers great potential to create engaging, creative, and visual learning experiences for students. This study uses a qualitative approach with a case study method involving grade IV students in an elementary school as research subjects. Data collection techniques include observations, interviews with teachers and students, and documentation of student work using Canva. The results of the study show that the use of Canva can increase student interactivity, creativity, and motivation to learn. Students actively participate in learning, mainly when creating posters, infographics, or presentations describing the concepts being taught. Material comprehension has also improved, especially on topics that require visual representation. While several obstacles are related to device access and student adaptation time, the benefits of using Canva in learning are significant. This study suggests that teachers should regularly integrate Canva into their learning to improve the student learning experience and provide training on how to use Canva to maximize its use. Further research is needed to examine the long-term impact and compare it with other interactive learning media
 

The development of spatial data utilization has increased dramatically in the past decade. This is related to the widespread use of Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and the advancement of technology in acquiring spatial data. High-tech tools like UAVs (Unmanned Aerial Vehicles) are increasingly integrated with Geographic Information Systems (GIS) and other surveying and mapping technologies, and are therefore used in various surveying, mapping, and spatial analysis projects. One of the advantages of UAVs is that the captured data can be processed through software, producing images with high spatial and temporal resolution. The use of this technology demonstrates that mapping can be performed using photographic data. The purpose of this research is to analyze and map the distribution of cultural tourism sites in detail using UAV and GIS in Nagari Tuo Pariangan, Tanah Datar Regency. Based on the results of the research, it can be concluded that data collection was carried out using a DJI Mavic Pro drone, capturing 228 aerial photos which were then exported into orthophotos. Orthophotos function as a reference for the distribution map of cultural tourism sites. In addition, a database was created, integrating spatial (geographic) and non-spatial (attribute) data, containing the necessary information for tourism objects, such as the owner's name, year of construction, function, and history of the object. There are 31 cultural tourism objects in Nagari Pariangan, Tanah Datar Regency, consisting of 8 Rumah Gadang (traditional houses), 11 Surau (small mosques), 3 hot spring pools, 3 stone inscriptions, 1 hot spring pool, 1 Tuo Pariangan Mosque, 1 river, 1 Tabuik Mosque, and 1 Saruang Hall. Most of these cultural tourism objects are well-maintained by their owners, while a small number are neglected due to a lack of adequate human resources.

The provision of population administration services, such as the issuance of electronic Resident Identity Cards (e-KTP), is very important to ensure the continuity of public services in all regions. The use of information technology in population administration procedures has spread throughout the world as a means of increasing bureaucratic efficiency and service quality. The fact that there are organizations that use IT resources to support business operations and procedures in daily activities is proof of this (Salsabila and Hadi, 2014). The e-KTP program was introduced by the Indonesian government to improve the accuracy of demographic data and speed up the service delivery process. However, problems with availability, security and data integrity in the e-KTP system also occur when the technology is implemented. System audits are critical to maintaining service quality and security. The organization in charge of population administration services, such as the distribution of e-KTP, is the Population and Civil Registration Service (DISDUKCAPIL). E-KTP is intended to increase the accuracy of population data and make the population identification process more effective and secure. However, the successful implementation of e-KTP is highly dependent on good information technology governance. Tools for performance evaluation determine whether the information system can achieve its business goals. The Department of Population and Civil Registration has achieved Capability level at level 3 (Estabilished Process) based on an evaluation of the information technology governance system that uses the COBIT 5 DSS (Deliver, Service, Support) domain. This shows that an organization has implemented the entire process. COBIT 5 DSS (Deliver, Service, Support). This shows that an organization has implemented the entire process. COBIT 5 has provided assistance in the form of guidelines for harmonization between the business objectives of the Department's e-KTP creation services in order to increase the level of IT process capabilities. Population and civil registration, as well as the goals of the six Indonesian countries proclaimed by the Minister of Home IT to increase the effectiveness and efficiency of services, enable E-KTP to achieve its organizational goal.

The Viola-Jones algorithm in OpenCV is efficient for detecting faces. The study is the accuracy of face detection using Viola-Jones on FCNN. The data is divided into training, testing, and validation sets. The FCNN model achieves high accuracy but suffers from overfitting. Techniques such as regularization and dropout can improve performance. The training duration is relatively short. FCNN machine learning model. The first layer is a hidden layer with 128 neurons and uses the ReLU (Rectified Linear Unit) activation function. The second layer is the output layer with ten drilled neurons showing excellent performance, with a training accuracy of 99.49% and a validation accuracy of 97.68%. This shows that the model successfully learned patterns from training data and applied them effectively to validation data.

This research aims to find out: (1) Improvement in student learning outcomes, (2) Student responses, (3) Find out whether there is an increase in student and teacher activity, after implementing the taching factory learning model on basic electrical concepts material in class XI TBSM SMK Negeri 1 Nisam. The type of research used is Quasi Experimental Design using a non-equivalent control design. The sampling technique used was 40 students consisting of 20 class XI TBSM 2 students as the experimental class and 20 TBSM 1 students as the control class. Data collection instruments use multiple choice questions and questionnaires. The research results show that: (1) There is an increase in student learning outcomes after implementing the teaching factory learning model on basic motorbike electrical concept material with an average n-gain score for the experimental class of 0.70, which is in the medium category, in the control class the average is n -gain score of 0.16 is in the low category. (2) Student response questionnaire after applying the teaching factory learning model to the basic concepts of motorbike electricity in class XI TBSM SMK Negeri 1 Nisam is in the very good category with an average score of 83%. (3) teacher activities are in the good category with an overall average score of 3.42 with a percentage of 85.5%, while student activities are in the good category with an overall average score of 3.33 with a percentage score of 83%.

Digital transformation in the health sector drives the need for efficiency in document management, especially for BPJS Kesehatan claims. Manual processes often cause delays and the risk of losing documents. Therefore, this study aims to design an integrated electronic document application to overcome these problems. This study uses the SDLC Waterfall approach which includes the stages of gathering needs, design, implementation, testing, and maintenance. Data were collected through interviews, observations, and needs analysis at the Ibnu Sina Islamic Hospital, Payakumbuh. The designed application successfully integrates various BPJS Kesehatan claim documents, such as Individual Patient Sheets (LIP), Participant Eligibility Letters (SEP), and laboratory results, into one PDF format automatically. The designed system can help the digital transformation of hospitals and simplify the claim verification process. The integrated electronic document application improves the efficiency and accuracy of BPJS Kesehatan claim document management.

This research brings the concept of the Internet of Things (IoT) in creating the Apilastic Robot, a device that aims to reduce customer losses by identifying the causes of rejected items, particularly in frequently returned cups. Through qualitative data collection from a case study with the researcher as the human instrument, the research objective was to develop a device that can recognize the type of damage on the glass, provide support to the user to identify the source of the problem, and take appropriate steps. The results of the analysis showed that product effectiveness had the greatest influence on tool usage satisfaction, explaining 77.2% of the variability in tool effectiveness. It is expected that these findings provide support to users in troubleshooting frequently returned glassware with root cause identification and appropriate steps.

Peralatan pada gardu induk tentu saja memiliki kemungkinan terjadi masalah ataupun kerusakan, baik yang disebabkan oleh alam, maupun kegagalan dari peralatan listrik itu sendiri. Disconnector Switch merupakan saklar pemisah dalam sistem gardu induk yang harus diperhatikan tahananya karena ketika terjadi Hot Spot berlebih pada disconnector switch ini maka kemungkinan besar akan meleleh jika tidak cepat ditangani, tentu hal ini akan memicu kerugian bagi gardu induk itu sendiri baik dari segi material dan lainnya. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah metode observasi langsung, dengan pengamatan langsung dilapangan dan studi literatur sehingga dapat diketahui proses pemeliharaan Disconnecting Switch terhadap Hot Spot yang menjadi masalah di disconnector switch. Dari hasil penelitian ini diketahui nilai tahanan kontak yang diukur di disconnector switch yaitu phasa R 52 µΩ, phasa S 37 µΩ, dan phasa T 63 µΩ.
 
 

Fokus penelitian ini adalah pada pengendalian DC-DC boost converter tipe Voltage Doubler. Metode kendali saklar menggunakan modulasi lebar pulsa yang tergeser sebesar 1800. Untuk mendapatkan tegangan keluaran yang sesuai, diterapkan sistem pengendali tegangan keluaran. Kendali tipe proporsional ditambah integral diimplementasikan menggunakan mikrokontroler jenis STM32F1038CT. DC-DC boost converter tipe Voltage Doubler terkendali tegangan keluaran divalidasi melalui simulasi komputasi dengan perangkat lunak Power Simulator dan sebagai tahap akhir akan dilakukan implementasi pada perangkat keras di laboratorium. Berdasarkan simulasi dan implementasi, DC-DC boost converter tipe Voltage Doubler mampu menghasilkan tegangan keluaran sesuai dengan yang diinginkan, yaitu dua kali lebih besar dari tegangan keluaran DC-DC boost converter konvensional.
 

Mengisi saos ke dalam botol secara manual adalah pekerjaan yang cukup merepotkan. Proses produksi yang seharusnya bisa lebih efektif dan efisien menjadi sedikit terhambat. Keadaan ini menimbulkan kekhawatiran bagi perusahaan yang memerlukan proses produksi secara singkat dan akurat demi memenuhi kebutuhan konsumen agar tepat waktu.
Hal ini membuat perusahaan yang bergerak di bidang F&B bernama JJCOW sedikit mengalami kewalahan. Perusahaan ini bergerak di bidang barbeque home service. Salah satu produk JJCOW yang populer adalah saos signature JJCOW. Kebutuhan konsumen akan produk ini cukup tinggi. Saat ini, JJCOW masih memproduksi saos signature ke dalam botol menggunakan cara manual sehingga membuat proses produksi sedikit terhambat dan memakan waktu yang cukup lama.
Berdasarkan latar belakang di atas, penulis ingin memudahkan proses produksi di JJCOW dengan membuat alat pengisi saos otomatis berbasis Arduino UNO agar lebih efektif dan efisien. Untuk membuat alat ini, komponen yang diperlukan yaitu mikrokontroller Arduino UNO, kabel jumper, breadboard, sensor infrared, relay 1 channel, lcd 16x2, i2c 1206, push button, pompa diafragma 12v 2a, dan adaptor 12v 3a.
Setelah melakukan uji coba, waktu yang diperlukan untuk pengisian satu botol saos sangat sedikit. Untuk pengisian satu botol saos, waktu yang diperlukan tidak sampai 2 detik.

Antenna mikrostrip merupakan antenna yang memiiki keunggulan dalam bentuk fisik yakni antenna dengan bentuk kecil sehingga mudah diintegerasikan. Selain bentuk yang kecil antenna ini juga memiliki kekurangan seperti bandwidth sempit dan gain yanag rendah. Salah satu mengatasai tersebut, antenna mikrostrip dapat dirancang dengan teknik array. Teknik array pada perancangan antenna mikrostrip didesain untuk keperluan frekuensi 850 MHz. frekuensi ini biasa digunakan oleh penyedia layanan komunikasi untuk keperluan LTE. Bahan yang digunakan adalah PCB epoxy (FR4) double layer dengan ketebalan bahan 1,3 mm dan konstanta dielektrik sebesar 4,7. Bentuk patch yang dibuat adalah segiempat dan lingkaran. Antena mikrostrip tersebut diuji untuk mendapatkan nilai frekuensi resonansi, VSWR dan pola radiasi yang kemudian hasilnya dibandingkan dengan hasil simulasi menggunakan perangkat lunak simulator mikrostrip IE3D. Pada pengujian diperoleh hasil untuk antena mikrostrip array segiempat: frekuensi resonansi sebesar  930MHz dan VSWR sebesar 1,03.
 

Management Information Systems have an important role in meeting human needs in an organization. Management Information Systems help present information to provide operational, management, and decision-making functions. The purpose of this study is to determine the effectiveness of the Traveloka application in using the Management Information System, and what factors influence it. Here the researcher makes an initial observation or general exploration of the Traveloka Application which is a StartUp in Indonesia which was founded in 2012. The stages of this research are related to the model of instructional development cycle including the phases of analysis, planning, design, development, and implementation. The author also collected data using the questionnaire method. Based on the results of respondents' assessment, Traveloka as a ticket booking support is considered effective because it has fulfilled several aspects that have been tested. This is shown in the aspect of learnability getting an average score of 3.19 - 3.27. In the memorability aspect, it gets an average score of 3.15 - 3.24. In the efficiency aspect, it gets an average score of 3.23 - 3.28. In the aspect of errors, the average value is 3.04 - 3.10. While the satisfaction aspect gets an average value of 2.83 - 3.26

The need for space to carry out human activities is increasing day by day. One of them is for teaching and learning activities that require better classrooms. With the growth in the number of students, the need for classrooms cannot be avoided. Classroom construction is a form of labor-intensive construction work. To start construction activities, start by budgeting construction costs. Cost budgeting is required so that the contractor can provide information to the client regarding the required costs. This study aims to determine the budget for building classrooms. The study used the BOW method. The BOW method is considered sufficient because it makes the building labor intensive. The research was conducted on an area of ​​5 x 7 meters. The results showed that to build a classroom on vacant land, Rp. 74.567.534. Contractors strengthen foundation work such as concrete work, wall work, and floor work. These three jobs use higher construction costs.

. An appropriate marketing strategy is definitely needed by companies from small to large scale, there are no companies engaged in the property sector. This is because currently there are many similar property businesses with their respective attractiveness and advantages in the minds of the people. This study focuses on factors such as price, location and promotion. The method in this study is descriptive associative, namely analyzing the data by describing the data and knowing the relationship between variables. The research location is in Sidoarjo Regency. Samples were taken by accidential technique. There are 100 respondents involved in this study. Regression analysis for analysis uses SPSS version 26. This study proves that purchasing behavior is significantly affected by price partially. Location has a significant role in buying behavior. The role of promotion can significantly influence buying behavior. Likewise, buying behavior is influenced by price, location and promotion simultaneously.

Penelitian ini membahas tentang perancangan antena mikrostrip dipol dengan fraktal Cohen-Minkowski untuk frekuensi 433 MHz yang dapat diaplikasikan pada kanal Industrial, Scientific, and Medical (ISM) Band. Antena mikrostrip menggunakan substrat FR-4 dengan ketebalan 1,6 mm dan impedansi saluran 75 . Perancangan dan simulasi antena menggunakan Software AWR Microwave Office 2004. Hasil perancangan menggunakan fraktal Cohen-Minkowski dapat memperkecil ukuran antena sebesar 29% iterasi-1, dan 40% iterasi-2 sehingga memberikan nilai VSWR sebesar 1,02 untuk dipol tanpa iterasi, 1,74 untuk dipol fraktal iterasi-1, dan 1,26 iterasi dipol fraktal. Return loss yang dihasilkan dari perancangan antena adalah -37,7 untuk dipol tanpa iterasi, -11,29 untuk dipol fraktal iterasi-1, dan -18,69 untuk fraktal iterasi-2. Kemudian gain yang diperoleh dari perancangan antena adalah 4,78 dB untuk dipol tanpa iterasi, 4,91 dB untuk dipol fraktal iterasi-1, dan 4,78 dB untuk dipol fraktal iterasi-2. Pola radiasi yang dihasilkan dari antena adalah searah.

Di masyarakat saat ini kebutuhan terhadap karung, terpal, serta jaring paranet masih banyak diniminati untuk kebutuhan sehari-hari terlebih masyarakat saat ini memerlukan karung sebagai tempat untuk membawa berbagai hasil tani maupun hasil produksi di berbagai jenis usaha .para pelaku industri karung, terpal, dan jaring paranet tidak henti-hentinya terus melakukan produksi agar bisa memenuhi segala kebutuhan masyarakat baik di dalam negri maupun di luar negri seperti PT. Murni Mapan Mandiri. Metode yang digunakan yaitu dengan observasi dan wawancara untuk mengetahui cara perbaikan motor induksi winder yang mengalami kerusakan terbakarnya gulungan kawat pada bagian stator, yang melewati langkah-langkah untuk melakukan perbaikannya seperti tahap awal yaitu memisahkan bagian rotor dengan statornya sampai dengan permberian sirlak pada kawat di  bagian stator motor induksi.

Hampir separuh dari jumlah rakyat Indonesia bekerja di sektor pertanian. Namun, perkembangan teknologi yang begitu pesat menyebabkan perubahan drastis bagi kehidupan saat ini, tak terkecuali pada sektor pertanian. Hal ini menyebabkan tertinggalnya industri pertanian Indonesia dalam bidang teknologi. Maka dari itu, dibutuhkan sebuah platform yang dapat menjadi jalur pemahaman akan teknologi dalam bidang pertanian yang dapat diakses oleh masyarakat luas. MinaTani merupakan sebuah aplikasi sistem informasi di bidang pertanian secara online. Fitur yang terdapat pada aplikasi meliputi kelas online, toko online, program mentorship, dan masih banyak lainnya. Penelitian ini menggunakan metode penelitian pendekatan Design Thinking. Metode Design Thinking merupakan sebuah metode desain produk perangkat lunak berbasis inovasi yang bertumpu pada pencarian solusi untuk menyelesaikan permasalahan tertentu. Setelah menemukan dan memahami permasalahan yang didapat melaui proses Identify the problem, Describe Solution, Empathize to User, Appeal to Business, Lock in Agreement (IDEAL) dan Prototype serta Test.  Sehingga Aplikasi MinaTani mampu menjadi solusi dari permasalahan yang terjadi di masyarakat saat ini.

Industri konstruksi dengan jumlah pekerja yang relatif banyak menyebabkan munculnya tantangan keamanan, kesejahteraan dan produktivitas pekerja. Penyelesaian terkait produktivitas pekerja tentu membutuhkan beberapa faktor yang turut mendukungnya seperti stres kerja, lingkungan kerja dan masa kerja. Oleh karena itu penelitian deskriptif ini akan menggambarkan masalah untuk mengembangkan produktivitas melalui pengamatan stres, lingkungan kerja, dan masa kerja. Studi dilakukan di salah satu perusahaan konstruksi berpusat di Jakarta dan tertuju pada salah satu proyek pengerjaan di Kota Malang. Ada 214 pekerja dijadikan responden. Pengumpulan data menggunakan angket. Hipotesis diuji setelah melakukan analisis regresi. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan dari stres terhadap produktivitas pekerja konstruksi. Terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan dari lingkungan kerja terhadap produktivitas pekerja konstruksi. Terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan dari masa kerja terhadap produktivitas pekerja konstruksi. Terdapat pengaruh yang positif dan signifikan dari stres, lingkungan kerja dan masa kerja kerja terhadap produktivitas pekerja konstruksi.

In actual diesel engine work cycle is part of the heat input that occurs at constant volume and partly at constant pressure. Therefore, in the calculation of the design of the modern diesel motor cycle, a limited pressure air cycle (combined cycle) is used. The purpose of this study is to analyze the performance of the diesel engine in the PLTD Tenau-Kupang and to find out the deviations or losses that occur in the diesel motor work cycle. From the results of the research in the form of an analysis of calculations at 600 rpm engine speed, it can be concluded that the basic factors of the performance of an engine include the average effective pressure (MEP), piston speed, ratio of stroke length and cylinder diameter, number of cylinders, and calculations for power. The resulting motor is close to the actual motor power.

Jasa tunda merupakan jasa yang diberikan oleh pelabuhan untuk mendorong atau menarik kapal keluar atau menuju dermaga. Tujuan penelitian ini untuk mengetahui kesesuaian tarif pelayanan tunda kapal yang berlaku saat ini di Pelabuhan ParePare dengan kemampuan dan kemauan bayar pengguna jasa. Data dianalisa dengan menggunakan metode ATP dan WTP. Hasil analisis diperoleh tarif variable pelayanan tunda yang berlaku saat ini sudah sesuai dengan kemampuan bayar pengguna jasa karena ATP responden lebih besar dari tarif yang berlaku saat ini, tetapi belum sesuai dengan kemauan bayar pengguna jasa karena WTP responden lebih kecil dari tarif yang berlaku saat ini. Tarif tetap untuk kapal 500 GT – 3500 GT sudah sesuai dengan kemampuan bayar pengguna jasa karena ATP responden sama dengan tarif yang berlaku saat ini, tetapi belum sesuai dengan kemauan bayar pengguna jasa karena WTP responden lebih kecil dari tarif yang berlaku sekarang ini. Kapal berukuran 3501 GT – 8000 GT, tarif yang berlaku saat ini sudah sesuai dengan kemampuan dan kemauan bayar pengguna jasa karena ATP dan WTP responden sama dengan tarif yang berlaku saat ini. Kapal berukuran 14.001 GT – 18.000 GT, tarif yang berlaku saat ini sudah sesuai dengan kemapuan dan kemauan bayar pengguna jasa karena ATP responden sama dengan tarif yang berlaku saat ini, tetapi belum sesuai dengan kemauan bayar penguna jasa.
 
 

The performance of workers is one part of being able to develop a business. Not only demanding from the side of workers, companies also need to pay attention to work facilities to improve worker performance. Occupational Health and Safety  is one part of the labor law. Every employer organization is required to implement Occupational Health and Safety in the implementation of work. Occupational Health and Safety is an important element to build worker performance. In addition, the perceived workload will determine the performance of workers. This study aims to determine the role of Occupational Health and Safety and workload on the performance of construction workers. This study uses 89 respondents who are construction workers. Data were obtained using a questionnaire which was distributed to the research sample. This study uses regression analysis. The results showed that Occupational Health and Safety had a significant influence on the formation of worker performance. Furthermore, the performance of workers is also known to be significantly influenced by workload. The two variables, namely Occupational Health and Safety and workload, are known to have a significant influence together on the formation of worker performance.
 

Material handling in the production division of publisher X encountered several obstacles, including the transfer of material between production processes having cross-movement flows. This condition occurs as a result of an irregular engine layout. The impact of the conditions in the transfer of material in the production process is the distance of the transfer to be 968.6 m/day. This condition causes some machines to be repositioned, so that material transfer can run faster and more efficiently. One of the efforts to reduce material transfer is to re-plan the placement of production facilities by adopting the concept of a cellular manufacturing system or cellular manufacturing system that is feasible to be applied to the production process of publisher X. The cellular manufacturing system was chosen because it is in accordance with the number of characteristics of the publishing industry that requires the ability to anticipate changes. This rapid demand suits a particular market. This article describes how the results of rearranging and minimizing the distance of moving raw materials in the production section of publisher X by adopting the concept of a cellular manufacturing system and rearranging the layout of production facilities by using sorting using Sorting Algorithms. The selection of the Sorting Algorithms is based on consideration of the order of the output which is not coherent, so it needs to be sorted. Efficient sorting is needed to determine the part-machine incidence matrix which is then used in the development of cellular manufacturing systems. Program development on Visual Studio 2012 software shows the results of facility layout planning by grouping 20 machines and 11 products with this layout change, the total material handling distance is reduced by 371.8 m or by 61.61%

Komposisi optimal penambahan aluminium dan magnesium dipilih berdasarkan parameter potensial anoda dan lau korosi. persamaan pemodelan yang telah dipilih adalah pemodelan dengan metode regresi polynomial orde 2 multivariate .  Model yang sesuai ditentukan dengan membandingkan koefisien determinasi, standar estimasi eror, dan signifikansi nilai P. Penambahan aluminium dan magnesium menyebabkan potensial anode semakin lebih negatif, sedangkan penambahan magnesium dan aluminium meningkatkan dan menurunkan laju korosi. Anoda yang paling optimal telah ditentukan ketika penambahan aluminium 3% dan magnesium 0,1% yang mana menghasilkan laju korosi 38,88 mpy dan potensial anoda -1,098 V.

Pelengkungan yang terjadi pada sebuah kabel serat optik sangat berpotensi menimbulkan rugi daya yang cukup serius dan lebih jauh lagi menyebabkan pecahnya serat optik. Oleh karena itu perlu dilakukan pengukuran pengaruh pelengkungan serat optik terhadap rugi daya yang dihasilkan ketika serat optik dilengkungkan.Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui perubahan intensitas cahaya keluaran yang melalui serat optik plastik.  Skripsi ini hanya membahas mengenai perhitungan keluaran cahaya yang telah dipengaruhi oleh lekukan pada serat optik.Dari analisa yang dilakukan dengan panjang kabel fiber optik 100 m, redaman sebesar 0,2 dB/km dan radius pelengkungan yang bervariasi dengan radius pelengkungan sebesar 15 cm, 10 cm, 7 cm, 5 cm dan 2,25 cm, maka diperoleh rugi-rugi pelengkungan serat optik berturut -0,366 db, -0,312, -0,689, -0,914 , -1,658.