Developing students' design skills in the aspect of skills has become a necessity and is important, so it is necessary to conduct design training using CorelDraw for the students of SMK Ibrahimy 1 Sukorejo. However, the challenge faced by the students of SMK Ibrahimy 1 Sukorejo at this time is the low interest of students in using design technology. This is evident from some students who still struggle to create designs with CorelDraw. This activity includes training in graphic design, logo creation, covers, and book cover design using the CorelDRAW application. The objective of this activity is for students to better understand graphic design and to create impressive creative works.

Christian religious education has undergone significant transformations throughout church history. From the apostolic era to the modern age, Christian religious education has evolved and adapted to social, cultural, and theological changes. This article will examine the transformation of Christian religious education throughout church history, focusing on changes in the goals, methods, and content of Christian religious education. The transformation of Christian Religious Education (PAK) is a historical and theological process that takes place along with the church's journey in responding to the social, political, and cultural contexts throughout the ages. This study aims to trace significant changes in PAK from the Early Church era to the contemporary era. With a qualitative, historical, and theological approach, this study explores the dynamics of Christian faith education through a review of primary and secondary literature, as well as an analysis of church history documents. Each period in church history brings different educational models and approaches. The Early Church emphasized oral tradition and living communities, the Middle Ages emphasized church authority and clerical education, the Reformation opened access to Scripture and general literacy, while the modern and contemporary eras face the challenges of secularization and digitalization. From this journey, it can be seen that relevant PAK is one that is rooted in the Gospel and at the same time responsive to changes in the times.  As stated by Dr. Jan S. Aritonang, "Church history is a reflection of how believers struggle to shape spiritual life, including in faith education in the midst of a changing world." Therefore, this study aims to Research Objectives, Analyze the development of PAK from the early church era to the modern church. Identifying internal and external factors that influence the transformation of PAK. Developing practical implications for the development of contemporary PAK based on church history.

An This study aims to analyze the advertisement of Mie Sedaap Tasty Beef Yakiniku reviewed from the perspective of Indonesian Advertising Ethics. Instant food advertisements are often packaged creatively and persuasively, but often violate advertising norms and ethics. This study uses a descriptive qualitative approach with a content analysis method. The results of the study indicate that several elements in this advertisement violate the principles of honesty and social responsibility as stated in the Indonesian Advertising Ethics, especially in terms of taste claims, visualization of ingredients, and excessive depictions of deliciousness. This study recommends that advertisers pay more attention to ethical standards so as not to mislead consumers.

The 2024 General Election in Indonesia marked a significant shift in the landscape of political communication from conventional media to the digital sphere. Political campaigns conducted through social media and online platforms have opened new opportunities for persuasive effectiveness but also introduced serious challenges in terms of communication ethics, particularly in advertising. This study aims to analyze digital political campaign practices during the 2024 election through the lens of the Indonesian Advertising Ethics Code (Etika Pariwara Indonesia/EPI), which serves as a self-regulatory standard in the advertising industry. This research employs a qualitative approach using a case study method, supported by documentation analysis, digital observation, and literature review. The findings reveal that many digital political advertisements violate key EPI principles, including honesty, transparency, and social responsibility. The most prominent violations include negative campaigning, the use of religious symbols to construct candidate images, and undisclosed endorsements by political influencers. Weaknesses in digital monitoring systems exacerbate these issues, allowing unethical content to spread massively and uncontrollably. This study concludes that the implementation of EPI in digital political campaigns remains weak and requires a more adaptive, collaborative, and technology-based monitoring approach to safeguard democratic integrity in the digital communication era.

This study analyzes advertising ethics violations in Hanasui’s Instagram advertisement, which claims its serum product as the “No.1 Serum in Indonesia” without adequate data substantiation. The digital era and the high penetration of social media have transformed the advertising landscape but have also opened up opportunities for practices that violate the Indonesian Advertising Ethics (EPI). This research uses a qualitative approach with content analysis and case study methods to examine Hanasui's Instagram advertisements. The analytical framework is based on EPI articles related to honesty, responsibility, and substantiation of advertising claims. The findings indicate that the superlative claim “No.1 Serum in Indonesia” violates fundamental EPI principles, particularly in the aspects of honesty and responsibility, due to the absence of clear supporting data or methodology. This violation not only misleads consumers but also creates unfair competitive advantages and risks eroding consumer trust in the local cosmetics industry. The study also reveals challenges in implementing EPI in the context of social media, where the unique characteristics of digital platforms require adaptations to the existing regulatory framework. Recommendations include strengthening EPI enforcement mechanisms for digital advertising, developing specific social media guidelines, enhancing coordination with digital platforms, and implementing a peer-review mechanism within the advertising industry. This research contributes to the literature on communication ethics and provides practical insights for regulators, advertising practitioners, and academics in addressing advertising ethics challenges in the digital era.
 

This research examines the relationship between zuhud and psychological well-being can provide broader insights. The phenomenon of zuhud is not only of theoretical value in the study of Sufism, but also has practical significance in shaping human morals. On the other hand, psychological well-being is a condition where individuals feel happy, peaceful, have a purpose in life, and are able to live life positively. So it is important to examine the relationship between zuhud and psychological well-being so that we can understand how spiritual teachings can support mental health amid the challenges of modern life. This study used a qualitative research method with a literature review for the research process. The results of this study concluded that Zuhud is an attitude that releases dependence from the worldly and prioritizes spirituality in the hereafter, by applying zuhud plays a very positive role in shaping inner calm, self-control, and can be grateful at all times.
 
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The development of digital technology has driven significant changes in advertising strategies in Indonesia. However, this transformation has also brought new challenges in maintaining ethical standards in marketing communications. This study aims to examine the extent to which the Indonesian Advertising Ethics (Etika Pariwara Indonesia/EPI) is applied in digital advertising practices. Using a qualitative approach and document analysis, this research analyzes several digital advertisements suspected of violating religious, ethical, and consumer protection principles, including honesty and social responsibility. The findings reveal that despite the existence of formal regulations, violations of EPI provisions still occur—particularly on digital platforms that are difficult to monitor directly. This study highlights the importance of strengthening regulations, educating industry players, and encouraging active public participation in monitoring advertising content. Thus, advertising ethics are expected to be preserved in an increasingly fast-paced and digital communication era.

This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of the Indonesian Advertising Ethics (EPI) in regulating advertisements in the digital era, based on the gap between regulations and practice in the field. The research utilizes a qualitative approach, employing documentary studies and in-depth interviews to gain a comprehensive understanding of the issue. The results show that the EPI's effectiveness in maintaining fairness, honesty, and responsibility in digital advertising is still weak. This weakness is not due to the substance of the EPI itself, but mainly because of the rapid development of technology, the vast expansion of digital media, low compliance from practitioners, and the self-regulatory approach that relies on the awareness and responsibility of each actor. The study also finds a gap between regulation and practice due to the EPI’s continued use of a framework designed for traditional media, making it less adaptable to digital media's unique challenges. Therefore, the research concludes that a more adaptive, collaborative, and multi-stakeholder approach is required to safeguard advertising ethics and protect the public's interest in the digital era

Non-formal education plays a significant role in supporting the development of Islamic character, particularly among adolescents. The Friday night study (pengajian) sessions, as a form of community-based religious education, serve as a potential medium for spiritual and moral guidance in rural areas. This study aims to analyze the effectiveness of Friday night study sessions in shaping the Islamic character of female adolescents in Aek Galoga Village, Mandailing Natal Regency. This research employs a qualitative method with a phenomenological approach, focusing on the lived experiences of the participants. Data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation. The findings indicate that the regular study sessions contribute to instilling Islamic values such as discipline, social awareness, politeness, and a stronger understanding of religious teachings among the youth. Moreover, these activities foster social cohesion and help create a religious environment that supports moral development. Thus, the Friday night study sessions are proven to be an effective medium for building the Islamic character of female adolescents in the village setting.
 

In the midst of rapid digitalization and technological advancement, the urgency of Islamic Religious Education (PAI) in shaping students’ character and morality is becoming increasingly evident. While digitalization offers positive contributions to the field of education, it also presents serious challenges such as cyberbullying, exposure to negative content, and a moral identity crisis among adolescents. This study aims to explore the strategic role of PAI in addressing these challenges through a literature review approach by analyzing relevant academic sources and curriculum documents. The findings indicate that PAI plays a vital role not only in delivering religious knowledge but also in shaping students’ spiritual character and digital ethics. Religious education teachers act as value agents who guide students to apply Islamic teachings within their digital lives. Therefore, there is a pressing need to strengthen the curriculum and develop learning methods that integrate Islamic values with digital literacy. With the right and innovative approach, PAI can serve as an effective moral foundation in nurturing a generation of Muslims who are religious, digitally literate, and wise in navigating the dynamics of the digital world. The role of PAI is crucial in fostering a generation that is able to respond to the digital era with strong character and firmly rooted Islamic values.
 

This study aims to identify the challenges faced by teachers in designing Program Pembelajaran Individual (PPI) for children with special needs in Pekanbaru City. PPI is a learning approach that is specifically designed to suit the unique needs, potential and characteristics of each learner, especially in the context of inclusive education which prioritizes equal access for all children. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with data collection techniques through in-depth interviews and direct observation of teachers in several special schools (SLB). The results showed that teachers face various challenges, such as the number of children with disabilities exceeding the ideal class capacity, the diversity of student characteristics, limited human resources and infrastructure, lack of active parental involvement, and the gap between pedagogic theory and practice in the field. Despite this, teachers continue to do their best by developing creative, flexible and collaborative learning strategies. This study recommends the need for more concrete support from schools, government and families for the successful implementation of IEP in inclusive education.
 

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the relationship between family environment and the attitude of responsibility of third grade students at MI Ar Risalah Ngawi.  The technique used was quantitative, with a correlational research design.  The population of this study was all third grade students totaling ten people, who were selected using a total sample approach. The data collection tool is a questionnaire with ten statement questions on each variable and a four-point Likert scale. Preliminary tests were conducted using the Shapiro-Wilk normality test and the ANOVA linearity test. Hypothesis testing used the Pearson product moment correlation technique. The analysis results showed a correlation coefficient of r = 0.226 with p = 0.530. This finding indicates that there is no significant relationship between the family environment and students' sense of responsibility. The family environment only contributes 5.1% to variations in students' sense of responsibility, while the rest is influenced by other factors. This study suggests the need for further exploration of other factors that are more dominant in shaping students' sense of responsibility at the elementary school level.

Accurate and structured performance assessment is an essential requirement for service-oriented organizations such as law firms. This study aims to develop a personnel performance measurement system at MFP Law Firm Jakarta using the Balanced Scorecard (BSC) approach. The BSC method was selected because it enables comprehensive performance evaluation from four perspectives: financial, customer, internal business processes, and learning and growth. The research was conducted by determining relevant performance indicators for each position within the law firm, namely Partner, Senior Lawyer, Junior Lawyer, Legal Staff, and Finance Staff. The assessment weights were set at 35% for the financial perspective, 25% for customer, 25% for internal business processes, and 15% for learning and growth. The results showed that the highest performance score was achieved by Personnel B (90.55), while the lowest was recorded by Pesonnel N (74.05). This system provides an objective overview of personnel performance achievements and can serve as a foundation for improving human resource management strategies within the law firm

Bullying among adolescents is a serious issue that significantly affects victims’ mental health, social development, and academic performance. This study aims to examine the role of persuasive communication in preventing bullying through a literature review approach. The findings indicate that persuasive communication strategies implemented by teachers, parents, and caregivers are effective in shaping adolescents’ attitudes and behaviors. Empathetic, educational, and consistent communication techniques increase awareness of the harmful effects of bullying and foster a safe and supportive social environment. Persuasive communication also strengthens interpersonal relationships and promotes moral values, which are essential for shaping positive adolescent character. Therefore, this approach is recommended as a key strategy in sustainable bullying prevention.

This study aims to describe the initial state of the research ecosystem at STAIN Mandailing Natal, to assess student participation in scholarly activities, and to identify the primary obstacles encountered. Employing a qualitative methodology with case?study and literature?review approaches, primary data were gathered through direct observation, in?depth interviews, and questionnaires administered to 360 students, while secondary data were derived from peer?reviewed journal articles, books, and other relevant documents. The findings reveal that only approximately 10?% of the institution’s 3,800 students, across 20 degree programmes, actively engage in scholarly writing. In response, the RISE2045 initiative established “RISE Clubs” to foster a student?centred research ecosystem, comprising brief methodological workshops, regular peer?review circles, and an internal e?repository. During the three?month pilot in the History and Islamic Philosophy programme, 60 participants were recruited; 30 manuscripts underwent peer review, 17 were selected as “best drafts,” and subsequently uploaded to the platform. Post?pilot surveys indicate that 85?% of participants reported improved writing skills and 70?% expressed greater confidence in submitting their work to academic journals. The RISE Club model is both adaptable and scalable to other programmes with local customization, and its sustainability depends on multi?stakeholder collaboration, including funding support, adequate IT infrastructure, and engagement from the broader research community. These results underscore the effectiveness of RISE Clubs in cultivating an inclusive and enduring research culture. It is recommended that local governments strengthen support through mini?grants, universities secure subscriptions to international journals, and other institutions adopt this model to stimulate student research activity in advance of Indonesia’s Golden Generation in 2045.

This study analyzes a cheating incident that occurred during the 2025 National Badminton Circuit (Sirnas) in the Riau Archipelago, where a young athlete was suspected of deliberately damaging the shuttlecock before serving. A qualitative method was employed through video analysis, semi-structured interviews with 10 stakeholders (athletes, referees, coaches), and a review of official documents. The findings reveal that the act of cheating was driven by competitive pressure, suboptimal referee oversight, and the athlete's mental fragility. The consequences included damage to the reputation of the athlete and their club, as well as a decline in public trust in the integrity of the sport. The discussion highlights the need for reforms in monitoring systems, enhanced character education, and strict sanctions by the Indonesian Badminton Association (PBSI). This study recommends the integration of instant replay technology and ethics-based simulation training to prevent recurrence.

This study aims to explore and describe various coping strategies used by students in dealing with academic stress. Academic stress is a form of pressure that arises due to an imbalance between academic demands and students' ability to cope with them. This study uses a qualitative approach with a descriptive design, obtained through in-depth interviews with five students and documentation. The results of the study indicate that students face academic stress stemming from an accumulation of assignments, dual responsibilities, technical changes from lecturers, and the initial transition period of lectures. In dealing with this pressure, students apply two types of coping strategies, namely problem-focused coping and emotion-focused coping. Problem-focused strategies are carried out by prioritizing schedules and seeking social support. Meanwhile, emotion-focused coping involves engaging in spiritual activities, distancing oneself from stressors, and expressing emotions in a healthy manner. The conclusion of this study indicates that students tend to use a combination of coping strategies tailored to the type of stress they face. Effective coping strategies have been proven to help students manage stress adaptively, enabling them to continue performing well in both academic and non-academic activities

An integrated physical education policy was a strategic approach in shaping a healthy lifestyle from an early age. This study aimed to determine the effect of the integrated physical education policy implementation on the healthy lifestyle of elementary school students. The method used was descriptive quantitative with a survey approach. The sample consisted of 120 students from four elementary schools that had implemented the policy in X city. The results showed a significant positive correlation between the implementation of the integrated physical education policy and the improvement of students' healthy living behaviors, which included regular physical activity, a balanced diet, and awareness of personal hygiene and health. This policy proved effective in instilling healthy living values through structured physical activities and supporting the strengthening of character education

This study aims to analyze the endurance and stamina on the performance of a specific football athlete tarkam. Modern football demands peak physical condition, where endurance and stamina are key success factors. Endurance enables athletes to maintain game intensity for a full 90 minutes and recover quickly, while stamina supports repetitive sprints and physical duels. The research method employed is a qualitative case study approach, involving interviews, and data analysis from the selected football athlete. The findings indicate that high levels of endurance and stamina positively correlate with improved athlete performance, including passing accuracy, running speed, and decision-making ability under pressure. Conversely, fatigue resulting from low endurance and stamina negatively impacts game quality. The implications of this research highlight the importance of integrated training programs to enhance endurance and stamina for optimizing football athlete performance

Korean drama, or K-Drama, has become a widespread popular cultural phenomenon in many countries, including Indonesia, and has a significant influence on media consumption patterns and digital literacy among young people. This study uses a descriptive-qualitative approach based on a literature review to further explore the influence of Korean drama on digital literacy and humanitarian values among the younger generation. The study focuses on how Korean drama affects these aspects. The findings indicate that watching Korean dramas encourages young people to actively use digital media and technology to search for, understand, and produce digital information. This indirectly enhances their digital literacy skills, including the ability to think critically, evaluate information sources, and communicate digitally. Korean dramas also teach social and moral values such as tolerance, empathy, and social care. These values can strengthen humanitarian values in society if they are well received and practiced. However, the study also shows that excessive consumption has the potential to disrupt productivity, reduce direct social interaction, and increase the likelihood of social isolation, all of which can damage the quality of humanity. This study affirms that Korean drama has a dual potential: as a form of entertainment and an effective educational tool to shape a digitally literate and highly humane younger generation. The successful utilization of Korean drama heavily depends on wise media consumption management as well as support from education and families in creating a balance between the digital world and the real world. The results provide recommendations for educators, parents, and policymakers to guide the healthy and productive use of digital media. This will enable the maximization of digital literacy and humanitarian values in the era of globalization.

 
 
This study is to identify occupational therapy for Tunagrahita children. The purpose of writing this article is to use the literature review method, which describes the theories, findings and other research materials. The results showed that occupational therapy for children with disabilities has a good effect. The application of occupational therapy in daily life begins with determining the goals of therapy, for example, daily activities that are expected to enable children to use music therapy, buttoning clothes, caring for clothes, and making their own handicrafts.
 
 

In the era of globalization that threatens the sustainability of local culture, pencak silat as a traditional Sundanese martial art has a strategic urgency in maintaining the cultural identity of the community. This study aims to analyze the reciprocal relationship between pencak silat and Sundanese culture, as well as to reveal the cultural values ??reflected in the movements and rituals of pencak silat. Using a descriptive qualitative approach with ethnographic methods, the study was conducted at traditional silat schools in Garut and Tasikmalaya through participatory observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation studies. The results of the study indicate that pencak silat not only functions as a sport, but also as a symbolic system that represents values ??such as respect, patience, and spirituality, as well as a medium for cultural inheritance through narratives, music, and ceremonies. These findings strengthen the understanding of pencak silat as a complex and meaningful intangible cultural heritage. This study suggests the need for integration of pencak silat in local education and support for community-based cultural preservation policies. Further studies are recommended to expand the scope of the area and a multidisciplinary approach to enrich perspectives

The care of the dead in Islam is a fardhu kifayah obligation that every Muslim must know. However, awareness and understanding of the procedures of Tajhizul Mayit is still limited, especially among students. This study aims to integrate Tajhizul Mayit learning into the extracurricular curriculum at SMK Negeri 1 Panyabungan through lecture, demonstration, and hands-on practice methods. This activity involved 27 learners with an approach of initial observation, program design, and competency evaluation. The results showed that students experienced an increase in understanding and skills in taking care of the dead according to the guidance of Islamic law. In addition, this program also forms Islamic character, increases empathy, and social care of students. Although there were obstacles such as the lack of availability of practical tools, collaboration efforts with donors and social institutions succeeded in overcoming these obstacles. Positive responses from students and school administrators indicate that this program deserves to be a permanent part of extracurricular activities to increase the awareness and readiness of the younger generation in carrying out religious social responsibilities.

Character education through sport is becoming increasingly important in the face of dynamic socio-cultural change. The sociology of sport offers an approach to understanding sport as a social phenomenon that has a broad impact on youth character building. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method to explore the role of sport in youth character building through a sociology of sport approach. The results showed that sport can be a medium for socialization, value internalization, and identity formation. Participation in sports activities can form a physically healthy, mentally strong, and morally sound young generation. However, sports can also be a space for reproduction of negative values if not balanced with constructive social values. Therefore, the sociology of sport approach can offer strategic solutions in designing sports programs that not only pursue achievements, but also form Indonesian people with character. This research is expected to contribute to the development of character education through sports and increase awareness of the importance of the sociology of sport in shaping young people with character and integrity.

This study aims to examine the influence of sports on the mental health of students at SMKN 2 Pandeglang. Mental health is an important aspect in supporting the learning process and the development of adolescents, while sports are believed to have a positive impact on students' psychological well-being. The study uses a qualitative approach with observation and in-depth interviews conducted with students and physical education teachers at the school. The data were analyzed descriptively to understand students’ perceptions and experiences regarding sports and their mental well-being. The results show that regular participation in sports activities contributes to reducing stress, improving mood, and enhancing students’ learning concentration. In addition, sports also strengthen social relationships among students, which further supports better mental health. This study concludes that sports play a significant role in improving the mental health of secondary school students, thus schools need to encourage and facilitate sports activities optimally.

This study aims to examine the role of sport sociology in the practice of coaching and leadership of soccer coaches, especially in the context of multicultural teams. Through a qualitative approach and in-depth interviews with a number of soccer coaches, it was found that understanding the social background, culture, and individual values ??of players is very important in creating effective interpersonal relationships in the team. The results showed that coaches who have intercultural communication skills and adaptive leadership styles tend to be successful in building strong social cohesion and solidarity among players. Social integration in a soccer team is a dynamic process, where the coach acts as a socialization agent who is able to balance diversity without causing internal conflict. These findings contribute to the development of more inclusive and socially value-oriented coaching strategies. This study also emphasizes the importance of coaching training that includes social and cultural aspects in the management of modern sports teams.

This study aims to analyze the spatial autocorrelation of Dengue Hemorrhagic Fever (DHF) cases in Medan City in 2023 by considering the number and density of the population. An ecological study approach was used with 21 sub-districts as the analysis unit. Secondary data were analyzed using the Local Indicators of Spatial Association (LISA) method through GeoDa software. The results show that globally there is no significant spatial autocorrelation between DHF cases and the number or density of the population. However, locally, positive spatial interactions were found in three sub-districts, namely Medan Selayang, Medan Tuntungan, and Medan Petisah. These three areas show the potential for high-risk clusters. These results indicate that the distribution of DHF in Medan City is heterogeneous and influenced by spatial and demographic factors. Therefore, DHF control requires a region-based approach and the use of geographic information systems (GIS) to support more effective and targeted public health policies.

Islamic boarding schools are traditional Islamic educational institutions that not only serve as centers for religious learning but also hold strategic potential in empowering the community economically. One tangible manifestation of the pesantren’s economic self-sufficiency efforts is the establishment of business units such as Mahira Mini Market, which operates under the auspices of Pondok Pesantren Mamba’ul Khoiriyatil Islamiyah (PP MHI) in Bangsalsari, Jember. This study aims to examine the planning and development strategies of the Mahira business as part of implementing an economic plan based on pesantren self-reliance and community empowerment. Using a qualitative approach and case study method, data were collected through observation, in-depth interviews, and documentation involving the pesantren’s caretakers and alumni. The findings show that PP MHI possesses sufficient physical, intellectual, and financial capital to support the development of the Mahira business. A SWOT analysis reveals that Mahira has strengths in terms of internal human resources and social support, but still faces challenges related to digitalization and marketing. The business development planning focuses on optimizing available resources, including activating social media managed by digitally skilled students (santri), as well as adding light services such as mobile credit top-ups and e-wallet transactions. The development strategies include sales digitalization, capacity building for santri, partnerships with MSMEs and alumni, and routine evaluations based on sharia principles and financial accountability. The study concludes that gradually strengthening the Mahira business can serve as a model of Pesantren-Owned Enterprises (BUMP) that is adaptive, sustainable, and replicable in other pesantren to strengthen the ummah’s economy.

Disinformation is one of the real threats to national stability in the digital era that needs to be addressed immediately. This study aims to analyze the role of content creators in countering disinformation in the digital era, focusing on Ferry Irwandi's content on social media. The method used is descriptive qualitative research with secondary data collection through content analysis of ten Ferry Irwandi videos. The results show that several of Ferry Irwandi’s contents feature five main thematic indicators: counter-narratives against disinformation, strengthening the narrative of national defense, digital and media literacy education, issues of tolerance and diversity, and social criticism based on national values. These findings demonstrate that defending the nation can be realized through creative, critical, and educational content, which becomes one of the key strategies in addressing the threat of disinformation in the digital space.

This research investigates the legal protection afforded to well-known trademarks against unfair competition in the digital era.  The proliferation of e-commerce and online platforms has created new challenges for trademark protection, with instances of infringement, counterfeiting, and other forms of unfair competition becoming increasingly prevalent.  This study aims to analyze the adequacy of existing Indonesian legal frameworks, including the Trademark Law and the Law on Prohibition of Monopoly and Unfair Business Competition, in addressing these challenges.  Employing a qualitative research method involving legal doctrinal analysis and case studies of relevant court decisions, the study examines the effectiveness of current legal mechanisms in protecting well-known trademarks online.  The findings reveal gaps in the legal framework and suggest areas for improvement, such as enhanced enforcement mechanisms and regulations specifically tailored to the digital environment.  The conclusion emphasizes the need for a more robust and adaptable legal framework to effectively safeguard well-known trademarks in the dynamic landscape of digital commerce

This study aims to develop a mathematics module on the infinite limit material of algebraic functions to improve critical thinking skills of phase-F students at SMA Muhammadiyah 1 Sleman. The study used the ADDIE development model which includes five stages: Analysis, Design, Development, Implementation, and Evaluation. Data were collected through material and media expert validation questionnaires, student response questionnaires, and pretest and posttest tests. The validation results showed that the module was classified as very valid, with an average score of 71 from material experts and 103 from media experts. The student response questionnaire produced a practicality score of 72.6, indicating that the module was practical to use. The effectiveness test was carried out using the normality test and paired sample t-test using SPSS-25, which showed a significant increase (p <0.05) in student learning outcomes. The average pretest score of 58.22 increased to 84.27 in the posttest, with an n-Gain value of 0.64 which is classified as moderate. This module also improved scores on all indicators of students' critical thinking. Thus, the developed e-module is declared valid, practical, and effective in improving students' conceptual understanding and critical thinking skills

Political leadership in Islam is closely related to the exemplary behavior of the Prophet Muhammad SAW, who was not only a messenger of revelation, but also a leader of the people in all aspects of life, including politics. The Hadith of Ummul Hadith, namely the hadith "Indeed all deeds depend on the intention ..." is an important foundation in forming leadership values ??that are oriented towards integrity and noble goals. This article aims to examine the concept of the Prophet's political leadership through an analysis of the values ??in the Hadith of Ummul Hadith and their correlation with the Prophet's leadership practices in the context of statehood. This study uses a qualitative method with a descriptive-analytical approach to the hadith literature and the history of prophecy. The results show that the leadership of the Prophet Muhammad SAW is based on the values ??of sincere intention (ikhlasiyyah), responsibility (mas'uliyyah), justice ('adalah), and exemplary (uswah hasanah) which can be used as guidelines in forming ethical political leadership that is oriented towards the welfare of the people.

The Baitul Arqam program, held at SMA Muhammadiyah Mlati on March 19-20, 2025, aimed to strengthen Islamic identity and build the moral integrity of the participants. The program involved various educational activities, such as discussions on Muhammadiyah ideology, worship training, forums on Islamic values, and reflective activities. It focused not only on theory but also on spiritual experiences that heightened religious awareness. The program was conducted in three main stages: preparation, implementation, and evaluation. The methods used included lectures, role-playing simulations, and discussions. The results of the implementation showed success in motivating participants to delve deeper into Muhammadiyah values, with high enthusiasm throughout the event. Participants also expressed great benefits in preparing themselves to become better Muhammadiyah cadres. Evaluation was carried out using a non-test approach, encompassing cognitive, affective, and psychomotor aspects. The success of this activity highlights the importance of careful planning and good coordination in supporting the strengthening of character and religious understanding among students. This program is expected to be held regularly to prepare future generations who are more committed to the values of the organization

The purpose of this study is to evaluate how the use of Indonesian language in cosmetic advertisements on the TikTok application affects customer attraction. Indonesian, as the official language used by most Indonesians, is very important for building successful relationships between sellers and buyers, especially in digital marketing. The method of data collection is to thoroughly look at user ratings and comments on cosmetic product promotional videos on TikTok. The number of likes or comments, as well as the language patterns used in the content and user responses, especially those using Indonesian, are recorded to obtain data. To get a better picture, several additional criteria are also examined, such as the number of views and engagement rate. The results of the study indicate that using formal, clear, and innovative Indonesian in product descriptions, reviews, and promotions can increase customer trust and comfort and have a positive impact on their level of interaction. These results strengthen the theory of marketing communication and consumer perception, which states that marketing content with the right language can increase consumer loyalty and strengthen brand image. In addition, this study provides deeper insight into language-based marketing tactics in e-commerce, especially on TikTok, and offers suggestions on how to optimize local communication to support business success.

The primary objective of this activity was to enhance students' understanding of the critical importance of instilling and practicing the values of Pancasila as a means to confront the growing threat of radicalism in the era of globalization. This event was conducted at Muhammadiyah Seyegan Vocational School and engaged 25 twelfth-grade students in a dynamic and interactive dialogue session. The program featured a knowledgeable resource person who delivered an in-depth presentation on a specific theme, which was followed by an engaging discussion to explore and reflect upon the key points shared. The outcomes of the dialogue revealed that the values embedded within Pancasila are not only foundational but also remain highly relevant and applicable in addressing contemporary challenges. This initiative sought to provide students with a clearer understanding of Pancasila as a comprehensive national worldview, a philosophical cornerstone of Indonesia, and a guiding principle for governance and citizenship. Beyond theoretical understanding, the activity encouraged participants to internalize Pancasila's principles in their daily interactions and decisions, fostering a commitment to embody these values in their personal lives, within their families, in community settings, and in their contributions to national and state affairs. Through this approach, the program aimed to cultivate a sense of responsibility and pride in upholding Pancasila as a unifying and protective force against radicalism

Fatherless is a condition of psychological absence of fathers in the growth and development of children in household life. This research aims to analyze the phenomenon of fatherlessness in Indonesia due to patriarchal culture, using Amina Wadud's feminist thinking about the concept of caring for children. This research uses a qualitative method with a literature study approach, namely by collecting books, journals, and websites related to the research theme. The analysis used is critical analysis by describing the formal object, namely Amina Wadud's thinking, to be used as an analysis of the material object, namely the fatherless phenomenon in Indonesia. The results of the analysis of this study are fatherless conditions due to patriarchal culture should not occur because; first, the Qur'an states that the rights and obligations in caring for children between men and women are the same. Second, a flexible system of cooperation is key in the household, including in terms of caring for children. Third, women also have the right to be as productive as men, not just focusing on childcare.

This study was conducted at SDN Grogol II for fourth-grade students with the aim of evaluating the influence of reading activities on vocabulary development in descriptive texts, both individually and in groups, in relation to students' ability to write descriptive texts at the elementary education level. In addition, the research also examines how mastery of sentence structures affects descriptive writing skills and assesses the impact of the combination of vocabulary and sentence mastery on writing performance. A qualitative approach was employed, using the Think-Talk-Write (TTW) technique to enhance students’ descriptive writing skills. The study consisted of two cycles implemented through Classroom Action Research. Prior to the implementation of the TTW method, there were several obstacles in the learning process, particularly in the influence of reading activities on vocabulary development, which affected students’ ability to compose descriptive texts. At that time, only 21 students, or 52.5%, had a good understanding of the material, while 19 students, or 47.5%, still lacked sufficient comprehension. However, after applying the Think-Talk-Write (TTW) method, a significant improvement was observed, with 100% of the students achieving scores above 60.

The Khulafaur Rasyidin era (632–661 CE) was a pivotal period in Islamic history, marked by the leadership of the first four caliphs: Abu Bakr, Umar, Uthman, and Ali. The political thought of this era emphasized principles of justice, consultation (shura), and the application of Islamic law (sharia) in governance. Each caliph adopted distinct approaches to state administration, such as Abu Bakr's emphasis on collective consultation and Umar's establishment of a more bureaucratic governance structure. Despite political and social challenges, including territorial expansions and internal conflicts, the political foundations of the Rashidun Caliphate underscored the importance of just leadership and the unity of the Muslim community. This political philosophy significantly contributed to the development of Islamic governance rooted in justice and sharia.

This research aims to outline the integration of Georg Wilhelm Friedrich Hegel and Karl Marx's thoughts in Slavoj Žižek's philosophy through Jacques Lacan's psychoanalytic perspective. The main focus of the research is to understand how Žižek combines Hegel's dialectic that emphasises process, difference and contingency with Marx's materialism critique that has been considered too teleological, and enriches his analysis with Lacan's theory of the unconscious to answer contemporary socio-political issues more sharply and relevantly. The method used is a literature study by collecting data from books, journals, and trusted academic sources that discuss the thoughts of Žižek, Hegel, Marx, and Lacan. The data was analysed qualitatively with a descriptive and interpretative approach to explore the meaning and interrelationship of philosophical concepts in Žižek's philosophical construction. The results show that Žižek reconstructs Hegel's dialectic as an ontological foundation that emphasises contingency and uncertainty, while criticising the teleology of classical Marxism. He develops the concept of active and passive dialectical subjects, and uses Lacan's psychoanalysis to analyse ideology and the structure of subjectivity in modern capitalism. This approach results in a radical and applicable contemporary dialectical materialism, providing a framework for critical analysis of 21st century socio-political realities.

Early Childhood Education (PAUD) has a crucial role in shaping children's character and basic knowledge, including in terms of environmental awareness. On the other hand, many families in Indonesia are facing economic challenges that require intervention to improve their well-being. This research aims to develop environment-based social entrepreneurship as a tool for family empowerment through early childhood education. Environment-based social entrepreneurship not only aims to create profitable businesses, but also to support the sustainability of nature, thus having a positive impact on both the family economy and environmental conservation. Through literature research, it was found that the integration of social entrepreneurship with early childhood education can provide dual benefits: increasing environmental awareness in children and empowering parents with eco-friendly entrepreneurial skills that can increase family income. Collaboration between educational institutions, the government, and the community is also considered very important to ensure the successful implementation of this program.

The criminal evidence systems in France and Portugal reflect two contrasting approaches in the civil law tradition, namely conviction intime and conviction raisonné. However, the fundamental debate between the two triggers dynamics regarding how the evidentiary system balances judicial independence and transparency. This study aims to analyze the philosophical differences and implications between the two principles. This study uses a normative legal research method with a comparative approach. The data collection method is collected using library research, then analyzed qualitatively and presented descriptively. The results of the study indicate that there is no single approach that can fully meet the needs of flexibility, efficiency, and transparency in criminal evidence. Both conviction intime in France and conviction raisonnée in Portugal present unique advantages and disadvantages, but both can complement each other if applied in a balanced manner.

The role of literature is very important for students because of the positive impact it has on their academic and personal development, including the improvement of their critical thinking skills. Students will learn to analyze storylines, characters, and themes, as well as evaluate different perspectives and meanings in a text. Literary education can also enrich vocabulary and language skills. Reading a variety of literary genres expands students' vocabulary and improves their ability to understand and use language effectively. The purpose of this study is to determine the role of literature and the development of language skills of grade II students of Lontar Baru State Elementary School in the 2024/2025 school year. In this study, literature review methodology was used, and narrative literature review was chosen as the model. This narrative report analyses and summarizes data from various journals. This research employed a qualitative methodology using secondary data from relevant journals. The researcher used descriptive analysis techniques to collect, identify, organize and analyze the various data found. The results of the study highlighted the role of intensive reading programs in school literacy programs, the use of technology in literary education, interactive learning methods and children's language skills training in the form of special training. This indicates teacher development.

Elementary education serves as the foundational stage in efforts to improve the overall quality of education in Indonesia. Identifying regions with the lowest levels of elementary education is essential for effectively targeting initiatives to enhance education quality. The K-Means clustering algorithm is employed to group regions based on specific indicators, such as the number of students, dropout rates, classrooms, teaching staff, school principals, and others. The objective of this method is to identify regions with the lowest levels of elementary education by pinpointing clusters of areas that require the most support and development. K-Means clustering operates by dividing data into several clusters based on the similarity of feature patterns. This process facilitates the identification of regional groups with varying priorities for support and development. The clustering analysis results reveal that from 39 datasets related to elementary education across various regions in Indonesia, three clusters were formed. Cluster 0 consists of 34 data points, Cluster 1 contains only 1 data point, and Cluster 2 comprises 4 data points.

This article discusses case studies of three Muslim countries that implement different government systems, namely Saudi Arabia, Iran and Türkiye, to illustrate the diversity of political models in the Islamic world. Saudi Arabia adheres to an Islamic Monarchy system, where power is fully held by the royal family which is supported by religious legitimacy based on Sharia and Wahhabism. In contrast, Iran implemented an Islamic Republic system combined with the Regional al-Faqih doctrine, making clerical authority the center of political control.

Character education is very important for building a generation of the nation's successors who have noble character and positive behavior, especially amidst the increasingly complex challenges of the times. This article discusses the definition of character education, its objectives, and the benefits of implementing it in schools. This research was conducted using a qualitative approach, and the literature study method was employed to investigate various references related to the subject. The study results indicate that educational character is very important in shaping students' personalities, preventing bad behavior among teenagers, preparing a responsible generation, providing the tools for living in society, and supporting students' academic achievements. To achieve this, educational character must be integrated into the curriculum through practice, exemplary behavior, and collaboration between schools, families, and communities. Therefore, educational character is very important for building a generation of successors who are virtuous and behave positively. Especially in the face of increasingly complex challenges of the times, educational character can produce a generation that is not only cognitively intelligent but also possesses strong character.

The development of digital technology has opened up new opportunities for Micro, Small, and Medium Enterprises (MSMEs) to expand their marketing strategies through internet-based platforms. This study aims to enhance the digital marketing capacity of MSMEs by providing training on creating online stores via Tokopedia and Facebook in Kropoh Village, Raas Subdistrict. This research uses a descriptive qualitative method with a case study approach. Data was collected through observation, interviews, and questionnaires. The results show that digital marketing training improves the understanding and skills of MSME actors in utilizing marketplaces, and contributes to an average sales increase of 25%. This study emphasizes the importance of digital literacy and technology-based marketing strategies in improving the competitiveness of MSMEs in the Industrial Revolution 4.0 era.

This study aims to identify and analyze the leading sectors in the economy of Minahasa Regency for the 2019-2023 period using the Location Quotient (LQ) method. The data used is secondary data in the form of Gross Regional Domestic Product (GRDP) of Minahasa Regency and North Sulawesi Province obtained from the Central Bureau of Statistics. The results of the analysis show that there are several basic sectors with an LQ value> 1, namely agriculture, forestry and fisheries (LQ = 1.28), mining and quarrying (LQ = 1.28), processing industry (LQ = 1.15), electricity and gas supply (LQ = 1.18), water supply and waste management (LQ = 1.07), construction (LQ = 1.14), real estate (LQ = 1.27), and government administration (LQ = 1.21), education services (average LQ = 1. 06), and other services (average LQ = 1.06). An important finding in this study is the significant transformation in the manufacturing sector which experienced a drastic increase from LQ=0.78 in 2022 to LQ=2.56 in 2023. Meanwhile, the tourism, transportation, and information communication sectors are still classified as non-base sectors with LQ values <1. This study recommends strengthening the basic sectors through industrialization, agricultural modernization, and infrastructure development policies, as well as special programs to develop non-base sectors to create more equitable and sustainable economic growth in Minahasa Regency.

This research is motivated by the lack of use of technology-based learning media in Indonesia mathematics learning for grade IV students at SD Negeri SUKARATU 6. Student learning activities seem monotonous so that students are less enthusiastic about learning mathematics. This research aims to analyze usage wordwall game learning media on students' interest in learning mathematics. This research uses a qualitative descriptive research method. This research was carried out in class IV of SD Negeri Sukaratu 6, totaling 30 students as research subjects for mathematics subjects. The data collection techniques used were observation and interviews. The results of the research prove that the wordwall learning media is an interactive media that is easy to use in the learning activities of grade IV students at SD Negri Sukaratu 6. So, it can be concluded that the wordwall learning media can increase students' interest in learning mathematics.

Predictive modeling is a mathematical and statistical method for predicting future behavior or trends by analyzing input data patterns. This is part of predictive analysis using current and historical data to predict or estimate future events. This paper aims to examine the importance of predictive modeling in business affairs. The method used in this paper is literature review. Data was collected by conducting literature searches, both books and journals. The results of the study show that predictive analytics is an organizational game changer that aims to improve the competency retrieval process and increase efficiency. By leveraging large amounts of data, predictive analytics allows businesses to predict future outcomes by analyzing historical data, identifying trends, and creating insights that can be implemented in the field. For business analysts, understanding predictive analytics is critical to establishing data-driven strategies and addressing the ethical considerations that accompany data manipulation.

Education is a key element in improving the quality of human resources in the world. When the quality of human resources increases, life on earth will be better, which in turn encourages high productivity. Conversely, if the quality of human resources decreases, life on earth will also decline. The method used is a qualitative research method with a type of literature review, namely a review of research results and books on existing concepts to be studied in depth with a qualitative approach analysis so as to find new knowledge that can be used in the future. The results of the study are Physical education and sports provide various benefits, including physical health which can reduce the risk of chronic diseases, social development through interaction in time. Character education basically aims to form individuals who have integrity, empathy, a sense of responsibility for themselves and society, and a commitment to upholding truth and justice. Physical activity in physical education also plays an important role in reducing stress and anxiety levels.

This research discusses the application of the K-Means Clustering algorithm to analyze the usage patterns of wartel services at the Salafiyah Syafi'iyah Sukorejo Islamic Boarding School. The purpose of this research is to group users into several clusters based on call duration, frequency of use, and total call cost. User data was analyzed using the stages in the SEMMA method (Sample, Explore, Modify, Model, Assess) to ensure systematic and structured data processing. The results showed that the K-Means algorithm was able to form three main clusters, namely users with low, medium, and high intensity. The majority of users belong to the low-intensity cluster with short average call duration and minimal expenditure, while the high-intensity cluster consists of users who make long calls with high costs. Further analysis shows that the highest usage time is at night (19.00-21.00). Based on these results, it is recommended that wartel managers optimize operating hours and provide promotional call packages according to the needs of each user cluster. In addition, diversification of services such as cheap internet access can also increase the attractiveness of wartel in the digital era. This research uses clustering methods to assist data-based strategic decision-making, as outlined by Han and supported by the application of SEMMA from SAS Institute (1998).

Violence against children and women in Indonesia is a serious problem that reflects weaknesses in the legal protection system. Various social factors such as poverty, low education, patriarchal culture, gender inequality, and early marriage exacerbate the situation. This phenomenon demands deep reforms in policy and law enforcement to ensure protection and justice for victims. This research aims to analyze the effectiveness of the legal protection system for children and women in Indonesia, highlighting policy gaps, structural barriers, and the impact on victims. The research uses a normative-empirical method with a descriptive-qualitative approach. Data was collected through a literature review of laws and regulations, as well as analysis of other legal and non-legal documents. The results identified eight main obstacles in law enforcement, including suboptimal implementation of additional punishment, stereotyping, victim blaming, revictimization, and difficulties in presenting evidence at trial. Punishments that are still oriented towards imprisoning perpetrators and the lack of understanding of power relations among legal officers add to the complexity of the problem. In addition, victims often do not report their cases due to lack of legal support and the risk of psychological impact is not considered. Legal reform is needed to create responsive and humane protection. Improve training of law enforcement officers, provide one-stop service centers for victims, expand public awareness campaigns, and increase budget allocations to support more effective policy implementation.

The political orientation of the Medina period was marked by the establishment of the first Islamic political and social order by the Prophet Muhammad SAW who migrated from Mecca in 622 AD. The Prophet Muhammad, who was based in Medina, drafted the Medina Charter which led to Medina. The constitution for this period regulated interreligious and inter-ethnic relations and guaranteed their rights. This political system prioritized national unity through ukhuwah Islamiyah, decision-making (shura), and the application of Islamic law. In addition, Medina became the center of government responsible for social welfare, such as distributing zakat and forming an army to protect the community. This comprehensive, fair and systematic policy became the foundation for the expansion of Islamic influence into the surrounding area. The political orientation of the Medina period became an early model of Islamic governance, integrating spiritual, social, legal and economic dimensions into one.  The relationship between Islam and the state in Indonesia is a crucial issue in the history of Islamic.

This research was conducted in the fifth-grade class of SDN Lebak Kepuh 1 to examine active learning in the classroom that focuses on a student-based learning approach. This approach is important in encouraging students' critical thinking skills. The teacher is the main factor that influences students' motivation to actively participate in class discussions. The study aims to evaluate the role of the teacher as well as strategies that can be implemented to increase student activeness. The purpose of this study is to find out active learning strategies to increase the participation of fifth grade students at Lebak Kepuh 1 State Elementary School in the 2024/2025 school year. The study also highlights the teacher's contribution in motivating students and effective solutions to overcome learning obstacles. The method used is a literature study, with the results showing three main roles of the teacher as a facilitator, classroom time manager, and constructive feedback giver. 

The relationship between Islam and the state in Indonesia is a crucial issue in the history of Islamic political thought. As a country with a Muslim-majority population, Indonesia faces the challenge of integrating Islamic values with a modern governance system based on Pancasila. This article examines the dynamics of the relationship between Islam and the state in Indonesia, focusing on the thoughts of Islamic scholars, the role of the Jakarta Charter, and the implementation of Islamic values in a pluralistic national context. This study employs a literature review method, analyzing books, articles, and previous research. The findings reveal that the relationship between Islam and the state in Indonesia is dynamic, where Islam can contribute as a source of ethical values without being formalized. In conclusion, this dynamic reflects the efforts of Muslims to balance religious identity with national needs, thereby strengthening national unity and contributing positively to the nation's development.

A young child is a golden age a golden opportunity, and yet, teaching entrepreneurship atan early age is not an easy thing to do. Whereas on the other hand, introducing an early entrepreneurial spirit is an important investment in their development. This will help them in developing skills such as innovation, leadership, and ability to overcome challenges that can be particularly valuable in their later lives. In introducing early entrepreneurship to children, it is required in a pleasant and educational way. Introducing entrepreneurship in young children not only helps them understand the business world but also develops their skills such as creativity, problem solving, and confidence. Market day is one of the efforts to build and encourage the entrepreneurial ship or entrepreneurship in young children atan early age. In this study, it uses descriptive qualitative methods. Inside market day activities, children acquire the learning process firsthand. Children do learning by doing or learn by direct performance. Thus young children can experience firsthand how to create innovation, create, and marketing effective for their products and know what they need when they want to become entrepreneurs.

This research aims to increase efficiency in monitoring student attendance at Madrasah I'dadiyah Salafiyah Syafi'iyah by utilizing the K-Means Clustering analysis method. Monitoring student attendance is still carried out conventionally, so it often takes time and is less effective in identifying overall student attendance patterns. For this reason, in this research, student attendance data collected from the madrasa attendance system was analyzed using K-Means Clustering, a machine learning technique that can group students based on their attendance patterns. This process produces several groups which make it easier for the madrasah to identify students who frequently attend, rarely attend, or frequently do not attend. In this way, madrasas can take more appropriate steps in dealing with attendance problems, such as paying special attention to students who are often absent. The results of this research indicate that the application of K-Means Clustering can increase the efficiency of attendance monitoring and provide a stronger basis for decision making to improve the attendance system at the I'dadiyah Salafiyah Syafi'iyah madrasah.

The inventory management information system at the Faculty of Science and Technology (Saintek) at Ibrahimy University is designed to facilitate the management of assets, including the recording of incoming goods, outgoing goods, loans, and returns. This study uses a qualitative method with data collection techniques through observation, interviews, and literature review. The result of this study is an information system capable of managing inventory efficiently and effectively, as well as producing accurate and timely reports. The system is designed using Data Flow Diagrams (DFD) and Entity Relationship Diagrams (ERD) to illustrate data flows and relationships between entities. With this system, it is expected to improve inventory management and support the smooth operation of the faculty

During the Covid-19 pandemic, PJOK (Physical Sports and Health Education) learning cannot be carried out in all places because it must follow government regulations regarding maintaining distance and avoiding crowds. This causes various obstacles in its implementation in the field. This research was conducted using a literature review method using sources from Google Scholar. Keywords used include "physical education," "physical education," "PJOK," "covid-19 pandemic," and "primary school," with publication ranges between 2020 and 2021.The research results show that PJOK learning in elementary schools during the pandemic was carried out through various media, such as TVRI broadcasts, multimedia-based distance learning (video-based learning), Google Classroom, instant messaging applications (such as WhatsApp) and hybrid learning. However, the obstacles faced include difficulties in arranging appropriate and efficient learning resources, lack of interaction between teachers and students even though they have used video tutorials, noise interference from the home environment, and parents' unpreparedness in accompanying their children in online learning. These obstacles make the PJOK learning process less than optimal

This research aims to examine the relationship between ethical values ??in educational philosophy and students' social involvement in higher education. Through a literature review and qualitative data analysis, this research reveals that ethical values ??such as justice, responsibility and empathy embedded in educational philosophy have a significant influence on students' motivation and actions in participating in social activities. Students who have a strong understanding of ethical values ??tend to be more proactive in making positive contributions to society

The development of innovative da'wah institutions is increasingly important in addressing the dynamics of social change in the disruptive era. This study aims to explore innovative strategies within da'wah institutions, focusing on clear vision and mission, the utilization of digital technology, and da'wah methods that are responsive to cultural diversity. In the context of Indonesia, which is rich in religious, cultural, and linguistic diversity, da'wah institutions face the challenge of avoiding conflict and fostering social harmony. The research method employed is descriptive qualitative through literature study, encompassing the analysis of literature from primary and secondary sources. The data collected are analyzed to identify key elements that support the effectiveness of da'wah. The results indicate that a strong vision serves as a driver for innovation, while digital technology facilitates broader message dissemination. Additionally, multicultural approaches and creative content have proven effective in reaching diverse audiences. These findings provide guidelines for da'wah institutions to enhance their relevance and effectiveness in spreading religious values within a complex society.

Data mining helps provide precise and careful decisions. Student graduation on time is one of the assessment points in the higher education accreditation process. However, student graduation cannot always be detected quickly, which can reduce the assessment of a university in the accreditation process. This problem arises to find out whether students will be able to graduate on time or not Classification method for predicting student graduates using the Naïve Bayes algorithm. Whether a student graduates on time or not, it is hoped that the results will provide information and input for the university in making future policies. From the results of this test, it was found that by applying the Naïve Bayes algorithm the system can predict student graduation in a timely manner. After comparing several literatures, it can be concluded that this method can be used for this prediction with an accuracy rate of 90%. This literature review is important as a supporting factor for research.

Sleep disorders, including insomnia, can be influenced by various lifestyle factors, such as sleep duration, sleep quality, physical activity, and individual health conditions. This study aims to categorize the risk level of insomnia based on lifestyle using the K-Means clustering algorithm. The data used include sleep duration, sleep quality, heart rate, and daily step count. Through the implementation of the K-Means algorithm, the data is analyzed to group individuals into several categories based on existing lifestyle patterns. The results of the study show a correlation between a healthy lifestyle and better sleep quality. In addition, the resulting clusters provide insight into lifestyle characteristics that affect the risk of insomnia, so that they can be the basis for recommendations for more targeted health interventions. This study is expected to contribute to the development of data-based sleep disorder management strategies by utilizing machine learning methods, especially the K-Means algorithm, to support efforts to improve the quality of life of the community.

Entrepreneurs engaged in the shopping sector have promising prospects because they can serve the lower and upper middle classes and provide convenience for people to buy everyday goods without having to go to supermarkets or convenience stores. However, if the availability of goods or materials needed is not optimally guaranteed, there may be a shortage of goods or materials needed. This also happens in some stores, where customers often run out of stock of various products and equipment they are looking for, but this is due to the lack of inventory management habits in the store. In this case, it is about finding out what products and needs are needed by store customers. This dataset uses several variables such as transaction date, product name, and sales or purchase amount by applying the apriori algorithm. The apriori algorithm is a type of association rule in data mining that is used to analyze and find correlation patterns. The data used in this study is a sample of 100 sales transaction data. The final association rule obtained from the transaction data is "If consumers buy Flour, they will buy Oil and Eggs" with a support percentage of 54% and a confidence of 96%. These results provide data on the names of the best-selling products, which can be used as an inventory estimate to avoid empty seats that can result in customer disappointment.

The research aims to explore and understand energy consumption patterns in households. By using the Decision Tree algorithm, to classify the level of electrical energy consumption. And data on household electrical energy consumption can be obtained from various sources, such as Household electricity meter. Survey or questionnaire filled out by homeowners regarding the use of electrical appliances. Based on the image above, the application of the Decision Tree algorithm in analyzing risk factors for  The classification of household electrical energy consumption produces an accuracy value of 100.00%. From the displayed confusion matrix, we can see the distribution of predicted and actual values for various classes. For example, in the class "true 110 25," there are 17052 correct predictions. The evaluation results also show the precision and recall values for each class. The highest precision was achieved in the "true 2205" class with 100% recall, while the precision was found in the "true 122.5" class of 100.00%.

In the competitive world of business, identifying high-risk customers is critical to minimizing churn rates and increasing profitability. This research uses data mining techniques using the C4.5 decision tree algorithm to classify customers based on their churn risk. The research stages include data collection, cleaning, data processing, as well as dividing the data into training and testing sets. The implementation of this algorithm was carried out using RapidMiner software, which facilitates customer clustering and predicting behavior based on historical attributes. The evaluation results show the model has an accuracy of 74.59%, with precision and recall indicating the model's ability to identify high-risk customers. Thus, the Decision Tree C4.5 algorithm is proven to be effective in supporting decision making for customer churn risk mitigation strategies.

Grouping student learning outcomes is a strategic step to improve the quality of learning by understanding student achievement patterns in more depth. This study aims to analyze student learning outcomes at SDN 3 Ardirejo by applying the K-Means clustering method, which is designed to group data based on similarities in academic value characteristics from various subjects during one semester. The clustering results show the effectiveness of this algorithm in dividing students into high, medium, and low achievement clusters, making it easier for teachers to design adaptive learning strategies that suit the needs of each group. In addition, the information generated provides valuable insights for planning intervention programs, such as remedial learning for low-achieving students or enrichment materials for high-achieving students. This study contributes to a more systematic management of educational data at the elementary school level and is expected to be a reference for more effective decision-making, both at the school level and by educational stakeholders.

Education is an important aspect in human resource development in Indonesia. One indicator to measure the quality of education is the National Examination (UN) score. However, parents or students often have difficulty choosing the best school in DKI Jakarta Province because of the many choices available. This research aims to apply the K-Means algorithm to group high school schools in DKI Jakarta Province based on National Examination scores. By using the clustering method, it is hoped that groups of schools with the best achievements can be found, making it easier to select schools based on these criteria. In this research, the data used are high school National Examination scores in DKI Jakarta obtained from the Ministry of Education and Culture. The results of this research show that the K-Means algorithm can be effectively used to group schools based on National Examination scores, thereby providing a clearer picture for the public in determining quality schools.

Contemporary fiqh is a branch of jurisprudence designed to answer the challenges and problems of Islamic law in the context of the modern era. By paying attention to developments in science, technology and existing social dynamics, contemporary jurisprudence seeks to provide legal solutions that are relevant and applicable in various sectors of life. This research aims to export contemporary applications of fiqh and its relevance in modern society. With a responsive and flexible approach, contemporary fiqh is able to adapt to changing times without ignoring the basic principles of Islam. The findings of this research show that contemporary fiqh not only offers solutions to social problems such as contemporary issues in Islamic education but contemporary fiqh answers challenges and opportunities in its development.

To improve the evaluation process in assessing student progress, predicting the best grades plays a crucial role in enhancing the quality of education. By identifying the top-performing students, educational institutions can refine their teaching methods and create targeted strategies to foster better learning outcomes. This step is vital for ensuring that the learning process aligns with the institution's goals to produce highly skilled and knowledgeable students. In this research, we focused on utilizing the C4.5 algorithm, a widely recognized decision tree method in data mining, to predict student achievements. The C4.5 algorithm is known for its ability to classify and uncover hidden patterns within datasets, making it a powerful tool for educational data analysis. Through this approach, we aim to analyze the factors influencing student success and provide actionable insights for educators and administrators. The study was conducted on students from Madrasah Ta’hiliyah Ibrahimy, where we applied the decision tree algorithm to predict the best grades based on historical academic data. The experiment resulted in three distinct rules or patterns derived from the data, with an overall accuracy of 74.17%. These findings demonstrate the potential of data-driven approaches in supporting academic decision-making and guiding future interventions to further enhance student performance.

Clustering is a data mining technique used for grouping data based on specific similarities. This study implements K-Means Clustering to analyze foreign tourist visit data in Indonesia in 2024. Using the Knowledge Discovery in Database (KDD) methodology, the research involves five stages: Data Selection, preprocessing, Transformation, data mining, and Evaluation. Data Clustering was conducted using RapidMiner software, experimenting with different cluster counts (k=2 to k=7) to determine the optimal number of clusters. Results indicate that three clusters (k=3) with the smallest Davies-Bouldin Index (DBI) value were optimal. This Clustering approach categorizes tourists into low, medium, and high visit groups, assisting policymakers in strategic tourism development. The findings support capacity planning and seasonal marketing strategies to optimize Indonesia's tourism sector.

This study analyzes the performance patterns of students at Madrasah I’dadiyah Sukorejo using data mining methods, specifically clustering. The analyzed factors include exam scores and participation in extracurricular activities, as both are considered to significantly influence academic performance. Exam scores reflect mastery of subjects, while extracurricular activities often positively impact students' social skills and learning motivation.[1] The K-Means algorithm was selected to classify students into three main groups: high-performing, average-performing, and low-performing students. The clustering results are expected to provide strategic guidance for the school to improve the quality of education. Low-performing students can receive additional guidance or motivational training, while average-performing students can be encouraged to participate more actively in extracurricular activities to enhance interpersonal skills. Understanding these performance patterns helps the school design more effective programs to maximize students’ academic potential based on their needs. This study also opens opportunities for further exploration of other factors affecting academic performance, such as family conditions and the home learning environment. Thus, this approach becomes an essential step in creating a more inclusive and high-quality education system.

The research conducted is entitled Efforts to Develop Emotional Regulation Through Group Guidance with Role Playing Techniques for Students of SMK LPI Semarang. The research on Efforts to Develop Emotional Regulation Through Group Guidance Services with Role Playing Techniques for Class XI Students of SMK LPI Semarang is motivated by the low level of emotional regulation of students as indicated by the exclusion of these students from their peers, causing students to become sensitive to suggestions and criticisms from others. The purpose of this study was to determine Efforts to Develop Emotional Regulation Through Group Guidance Services with Role Playing Techniques for Class XI Students of SMK LPI Semarang. This type of research is quantitative research using the true-experimental method with a pre-test and post-test design model. The sample in this study was 21 students who then became the experimental group and the control group. The data collection tool used the emotional regulation scale. The results of the hypothesis test obtained significance (2-tailed) <0.05 indicating a significant difference between the control group and the experimental group. Meanwhile, the t-test result of 0.0064 showed a difference in the treatment given to the experimental group compared to the control group. It can be concluded that group guidance services with role playing techniques can help develop emotional regulation of SMK LPI Semarang students. Based on the results of this study, the suggestion that can be conveyed is that group guidance services with role playing techniques can be used as one of the treatment methods to develop emotional regulation.

Christian Religious Education (PAK) in schools has an important role in shaping student character. PAK teachers are responsible for transferring Christian religious values into students' daily lives. aims to describe the responsibilities of PAK teachers in shaping students' character. The literature study used is by collecting data from relevant sources showing that PAK teachers have the responsibility to provide good examples, teach with dedication, and guide students in applying the teachings. Christianity in everyday life. The implication of this research is the need to increase the role of PAK teachers in shaping student character so that they can have a positive impact in forming a generation with noble morals. Next, you can focus on developing effective learning strategies in shaping student character through Christian religious education. Christian Religious Education Teachers have a very heavy responsibility in forming good and commendable student character. In the current unstoppable conditions, where development continues to occur without paying attention to ethics, morals and human character, the role of various parties, including Christian Religious Education teachers, is very necessary in controlling and developing effective and innovative student character. The conclusion of this journal confirms that Christian Religious Education teachers hold a great responsibility in forming students' character and moral values. With the right teaching approach, teachers can play an important role in forming good and responsible student character. Christian Religious Education (PAK) in schools has an important role in shaping student character. PAK teachers are responsible for transferring Christian religious values into students' daily lives. aims to describe the responsibilities of PAK teachers in shaping students' character. The literature study used is by collecting data from relevant sources showing that PAK teachers have the responsibility to provide good examples, teach with dedication, and guide students in applying the teachings. Christianity in everyday life. The implication of this research is the need to increase the role of PAK teachers in shaping student character so that they can have a positive impact in forming a generation with noble morals. Next, you can focus on developing effective learning strategies in shaping student character through Christian religious education. Christian Religious Education Teachers have a very heavy responsibility in forming good and commendable student character. In the current unstoppable conditions, where development continues to occur without paying attention to ethics, morals and human character, the role of various parties, including Christian Religious Education teachers, is very necessary in controlling and developing effective and innovative student character. The conclusion of this journal confirms that Christian Religious Education teachers hold a great responsibility in forming students' character and moral values. With the right teaching approach, teachers can play an important role in forming good and responsible student character. Christian Religious Education (PAK) in schools has an important role in shaping student character. PAK teachers are responsible for transferring Christian religious values into students' daily lives. aims to describe the responsibilities of PAK teachers in shaping students' character. The literature study used is by collecting data from relevant sources showing that PAK teachers have the responsibility to provide good examples, teach with dedication, and guide students in applying the teachings. Christianity in everyday life. The implication of this research is the need to increase the role of PAK teachers in shaping student character so that they can have a positive impact in forming a generation with noble morals. Next, you can focus on developing effective learning strategies in shaping student character through Christian religious education. Christian Religious Education Teachers have a very heavy responsibility in forming good and commendable student character. In the current unstoppable conditions, where development continues to occur without paying attention to ethics, morals and human character, the role of various parties, including Christian Religious Education teachers, is very necessary in controlling and developing effective and innovative student character.

The aim of this research is to create different views on the two genders' linguistic characteristics, so that in language they are both seen as having different characteristics. So basically language, gender and culture are related. In society, women are seen as gentle and emotional, while men are seen as firm and strong. Not only are women gentle and emotional, women are also known to often say things that contain uncertainty. In expressing this uncertainty, women often use a syntactic tool called a tag question. It could be said that the women and men who often use tag questions are women (Hidayati, 2016:12). This proves that men are more confident in what they say than women. Tag questions are used by women to confirm what they are saying to their interlocutor (Hidayati, 2010:11). From the explanation above, it indicates that linguistic characteristics can be found in films.