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ABSTRACT Background: Pain is the most common complaint and can interfere with patient comfort. Pain management can be done pharmacologically and non-pharmacologically. Acupressure that can reduce pain is Li 4 acupressure. Objective: The purpose of this study was to determine the difference in pain intensity of post-cesarean section wounds before and after acupressure point Li 4. Method: The research method used was Pre Experiment using the One Group Pretest Postest Design research design approach. The number of samples in this study was 50 people using purposive sampling techniques. The pain measurement instrument used a numeric scale and the statistical test used was the Wilcoxon test. Results: Based on the Wilcoxon test, the difference between the average value of pain intensity before and after therapy was 1.3 points, a p-value of 0.00 or <0.05. Conclusion: Li 4 acupressure therapy can reduce pain intensity.

Anemia dan dismenore adalah masalah kesehatan yang umum dan saling berhubungan pada remaja putri, di mana prevalensi anemia di Indonesia masih tinggi (22,7%) dan berisiko memperparah nyeri menstruasi yang mengganggu aktivitas. Program pengabdian masyarakat dilaksanakan di SMA Negeri 1 Cawas, Klaten, dengan sasaran siswi kelas XII, bertujuan untuk meningkatkan pengetahuan dan kesadaran mereka mengenai anemia dan dismenore, faktor risiko, tanda-gejala, serta strategi pencegahan melalui penyuluhan dan screening kesehatan. Hasil dari kegiatan ini menunjukkan adanya peningkatan pengetahuan yang signifikan, terbukti dari kenaikan rata-rata nilai tes dari 58,3 (pre-test) menjadi 82,7 (post-test), serta peningkatan proporsi siswi dengan pengetahuan baik dari 32% menjadi 85%, menunjukkan dampak positif edukasi tersebut terhadap pemahaman siswi.

Overview: Back pain during pregnancy is a common problem experienced by approximately 50–70% of pregnant women. Back pain during pregnancy is caused by an imbalance between the muscle activity in the lumbar region. Several maternal factors are known to play a role in the onset of back pain during pregnancy, including maternal age, body mass index (BMI), number of pregnancies (gravida), and physical activity. Research Method: This is a quantitative analytical study with a cross-sectional approach. The sample size was 33 pregnant women in their third trimester. The sampling technique used purposive sampling, and data analysis used the Chi-square test. Research Results: There was a relationship between BMI and back pain (p-value: 0.015), and there was no relationship between maternal age (p-value: 0.715), gravida (p-value: 0.442), and physical activity (p-value: 0.156) and back pain in pregnant women in their third trimester. Conclusion: There was a significant relationship between BMI and back pain in pregnant women in their third trimester, and there was no significant relationship between maternal age, gravida, and physical activity and back pain in pregnant women in their third trimester.

Low back pain is a discomforting condition that can cause various disorders and potentially disrupt a person's quality of life, such as causing decreased work productivity. Therefore, it is important for the community, especially farmers in Bulakrejo Hamlet, Ngawi Regency. To improve understanding of low back pain, efforts are needed to expand farmers' knowledge regarding this condition, including its definition, prevention, and treatment in Bulakrejo Hamlet. The method applied was providing physiotherapy education through health promotion about low back pain using leaflets as a medium for information delivery. A question and answer session was also conducted to measure the level of understanding of farmers in Bulakrejo Hamlet and provide exercises that can address problems of weakness, stiffness, limitations and pain in the back muscles. The activity ran smoothly and the material was easily understood by farmers in Bulakrejo Hamlet. Evaluation results showed an increase in farmers' knowledge, from 40% to 90%. The extension activity proved effective in increasing farmers' understanding of low back pain cases.

Latar Belakang: Kehamilan merupakan salah satu tahap kehidupan yang harus dipersiapkan oleh seorang perempuan, dalam proses kehamilan terjadi perubahan fisiologis dan psikologis karena adanya peningkatan estrogen dan progesterone lamanya sekitar 280 hari atau 40 minggu atau 9 bulan salah satu komplikasi dalam masa kehamilan yaitu nyeri punggung. Senam hamil dapat meringankan nyeri punggung bawah yang dirasakan ibu hamil karena di dalam senam hamil terdapat gerakan yang dapat memperkuat otot abdomen, membuat elastisitas otot dan ligamen yang ada di punggung dan relaksasi, sehingga senam hamil dapat menurunkan nyeri punggung bagian bawah. Tujuan Penelitian: Untuk mengetahui apakah ada pengaruh senam hamil terhadap nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil trimester III di TPMB Nani, Nur Cahyani Tahun 2024. Metode: yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah survei analitik yaitu dengan pendekatan cross sectional, teknik purposive sampling, populasi dalam penelitian ini ibu hamil trimester III di TPMB Nani Nur Cahyani dengan jumlah sampel 40. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan adanya pengaruh senam hamil terhadap nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil trimester III dengan nilai p value sebesar 0,000 (<0,05), maka Ha diterima H0 ditolak. Kesimpulan: Terdapat penegaruh senam hamil terhadap nyeri punggung pada ibu hamil trimester III.

Sectio caesarean surgery is a surgical procedure that can effectively prevent ma- ternal and newborn deaths when used for reasons of medical indications. Post operative sectio caesarean can pose several risks of complications, one of which is pain and surgical wound infection. Non pharmacological approach aromatherapy as a complementary therapy to reduce postpartum pain. This case study aims to analyze the influence aromatherapy lavender on reducing pain levels in post sectio caesarean mothers by using the case study method pre and post test. The case study was carried out in 25 May 2025 – 07 June 2025. This type of case study is descriptive with the number of subjects used, namely three post partum mothers in the RSUD Batang private sector with pain assessment using a questionnaire Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). The results of the case study showed a change in pain intensity from a scale of 6-7 to a scale of 4-5. This shows an influence aromatherapy lavender on reducing pain levels in postpartum mothers caesarean section Giving innovation aromatherapy can be used as an independent nursing in- tervention so that it can be applied to patients regularly.

Malaria is a global health problem, especially in tropical countries like Indonesia. Papua, with 14,586 cases, and Jayapura City in 2023 had 29,938 cases. This is due to nocturnal activities, knowledge, and preventive measures, which contribute to the high incidence of malaria. The purpose of this study was to identify factors associated with malaria incidence at Bhayangkara Hospital Class II, Jayapura. This research was an analytical study with a cross-sectional design. Data collection was conducted using a questionnaire. A total of 82 respondents were recruited using a simple accidental sampling technique. The data obtained were statistically analyzed using the chi-square test. Based on the analysis results, it was found that of the 82 respondents, the characteristics of the respondents were mostly aged > 20 years (74 people (90.2%), male (48 people (58.5%) and unemployed (53 people (64.6%). There was a significant relationship between nighttime activities and malaria incidence at Bhayangkara Hospital Level II Jayapura. (p-value 0.015 <α (0.05). There was a significant relationship between knowledge and malaria incidence at Bhayangkara Hospital Level II Jayapura (p-value 0.000 <α (0.05). There was a significant relationship between malaria prevention measures and malaria incidence at Bhayangkara Hospital Level II Jayapura (p-value 0.008 <α (0.05). Nighttime activities, knowledge and malaria prevention measures were significantly associated with malaria incidence.

Knee osteoarthritis is one of the most prevalent musculoskeletal disorders in the elderly, characterized by progressive degeneration of articular cartilage, chronic pain, joint stiffness, and reduced functional capacity. In Indonesia, the prevalence of knee osteoarthritis is notably high, affecting over 30% of individuals aged above 60 years. This condition leads to significant health burdens, impaired quality of life, and increased economic costs. Non-pharmacological management strategies such as hydrotherapy and quadriceps exercise are widely recommended to relieve pain and improve joint function. Hydrotherapy utilizes the physical properties of water including buoyancy, hydrostatic pressure, viscosity, and warmth to reduce joint loading, enhance circulation, and promote relaxation. Quadriceps exercise, on the other hand, focuses on strengthening the quadriceps muscle to stabilize the knee joint, thereby reducing pain and improving functionality. The combination of these two interventions is expected to provide greater benefits than a single modality. Research Design: This study employed a quasi-experimental design with a one-group pre-post test approach on 12 elderly respondents with knee osteoarthritis at OSF Magdalena Daemen BSB Convent. Pain was measured using the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS) before and after the intervention, which consisted of hydrotherapy and quadriceps exercise administered twice a week for four weeks. Results: The findings showed a decrease in the mean pain score from 4.42 to 3.08, with the Wilcoxon test yielding p = 0.001 (p < 0.05), indicating a significant difference in pain levels before and after the intervention. Conclusion: The combination of hydrotherapy and quadriceps exercise is effective in reducing pain in patients with knee osteoarthritis.

Background: Section Caesarea (SC) is the process of giving birth through surgery by making an incision in the mother's stomach (laparatomy) and uterus (hysterectomy) to remove the baby. 75% of surgical patients experience moderate to severe pain after surgery. Women experience high levels of pain intensity for 24 hours after SC. Objective: The aim of this research is to determine the effectiveness of lavender aromatherapy to reduce pain intensity in post-section caesarean mothers at Muhammadiyah Kalikapas Hospital. Methods: In this research, researchers used a Quasi Experimental type of research with a one group pre test and post test design. The population was 39 and a sample of 35 patients was obtained using purposive sampling. This research data uses the Verbal Rating Scale (VRS) observation sheet. After tabulating the data, it was analyzed using the Wilcoxon test with a significance level of p= ? ? 0.05. The results of the study showed that before being given lavender aromatherapy, most of the 35 post- SC mothers experienced severe pain, after treatment 19 people (54.3%) experienced moderate pain. Result: The Wilxocon Test results obtained a significant value, namely p-value 0.000, then Ha is accepted so it can be concluded that there is an effect of using lavender aromatherapy to reduce pain intensity in post caesarean section. This means that there is an influence of the use of Lavender Aromatherapy to Reduce Pain Intensity in Post Sectio Caesarea Mothers at Muhammadiyah Kalikapas Hospital in 2024. Conclusion: Lavender Aromatherapy can be a non-pharmacological therapy in reducing pain intensity for post SC Mothers

Work activities in workshops often require static and repetitive body positions, such as bending over, lifting heavy loads, or reaching into narrow areas of vehicles. These habits can gradually cause muscle tension and lead to neck and lower back pain. Given the high risk, physiotherapy counseling on occupational safety and health (OSH) and ergonomics was conducted to provide practical understanding to B-Garage, Batu City workshop workers. The counseling was delivered interactively through material presentations, direct discussions, and demonstrations of stretching exercises that can be easily applied in daily activities. The results of the activity showed a very significant increase in knowledge; participants who initially did not understand the principles of ergonomics and musculoskeletal pain prevention were able to identify work risks and practice stretching exercises correctly after the education session. This change was clearly evident from the post-test results, which showed a significant overall improvement compared to the pre-test. These findings indicate that physical therapy education not only enhances knowledge but also promotes behavioral changes toward safer, more comfortable, and more productive work patterns.

Labor is a complex interaction between psychological and physiological drives in women. (90%) delivery is accompanied by pain. In the active phase there is an increase in the intensity and frequency of contractions, so that the peak pain response is in this phase. Pain and soreness during labor are basically caused by strong contractions during labor. Breathing relaxation techniques can control pain by minimizing sympathetic activity in the autonomic nervous system. This study aims to determine the effect of deep breathing relaxation techniques on reducing labor pain in the first active phase. The type of design in this study is pre-experimental with The number of samples was taken according to the Accidental Sampling technique, samples were taken when patients went to the Andra Agustiana PMB Clinic with a minimum of 30 respondents. The data collection technique used a questionnaire sheet and a Numeric Rating Scale (NRS) pain scale. Data analysis used the Wilcoxon test. The results showed that before being given the breathing relaxation technique, most respondents experienced severe pain or pain levels on a scale of 7-10, namely 25 respondents (71.4%) and after being given deep breathing relaxation technique treatment, most respondents experienced moderate pain (scale 4-6) as many as 28 respondents (80%). The results of data analysis obtained the Asymp.significancy value = 0.000 (ρ<0.05). The conclusion is that there is an effect of providing deep breathing relaxation techniques on reducing labor pain in the first active phase. It is hoped that deep breathing relaxation techniques can be applied in the management of labor care as an alternative to reduce labor pain for mothers giving birth in the first active phase

ABSTRAK Dismenorea merupakan nyeri menstruasi yang umum dialami remaja putri dan berdampak pada aktivitas serta konsentrasi belajar. Penanganan nonfarmakologis seperti kompres hangat dan air asam jawa dinilai efektif mengurangi nyeri. Penelitian ini bertujuan mengetahui pengaruh kombinasi tersebut terhadap penurunan nyeri dismenorea pada siswi SMAN 6 Semarang sebagai alternatif terapi alami dan aman.Penelitian ini menggunakan desain kuasi-eksperimental dengan pendekatan pre-test dan post-test pada satu kelompok. Metode kuantitatif diterapkan untuk mengukur perubahan sebelum dan sesudah intervensi. Sampel diambil menggunakan teknik accidental sampling dengan pertimbangan purposive sampling, yakni memilih responden yang sesuai kriteria secara kebetulan dan mudah dijangkau saat penelitian berlangsung.Data pretest dan posttest tidak berdistribusi normal (p 0,05). Uji Wilcoxon Signed Ranks menunjukkan p-value 0,000 ( 0,05) dan nilai Z -5,230, menandakan pemberian kompres hangat dengan kombinasi air asam jawa berpengaruh signifikan menurunkan nyeri dismenorea pada remaja putri di SMAN 6 Semarang.Berdasarkan penelitian pada 35 remaja putri dengan dismenorea, mayoritas (88,57%) berusia 13-15 tahun dan semua memiliki siklus menstruasi normal. Sebelum intervensi, tingkat nyeri bervariasi dari ringan hingga sangat menyiksa. Setelah intervensi kompres hangat dengan air asam jawa, nyeri menurun signifikan. Uji Wilcoxon menunjukkan p-value 0,000 (0,05), membuktikan intervensi efektif mengurangi nyeri dismenorea.

Background: Over time, the need for cesarean sections for pregnant women is increasing. Patients who have undergone surgery often experience common problems when they are hospitalized after surgery. Postoperative pain is one of the most common postoperativ e problems. One non -pharmacological method for managing pain is the Benson relaxation technique. Objective: This Community Service (PkM) aims to reduce pain in post -cesarean section patients using the Benson Relaxation Technique. Method: The Benson relaxat ion technique was applied directly twice for 15 minutes, two hours after surgery, as part of the community service activity. The Numerical Rating Scale (NRS) was used to measure pain. The target audience of this PkM was 30 post -operative patients at RSI Purwokerto who experienced pain. Results. Before the intervention, the average pain score was in the moderate range (4.9), and after the intervention, the average pain score was in the mild range (2.3). This was demonstrated by the PkM exercise. 2.13 is the average reduction in pain. Conclusion: The results of this Community Service (PKM) exercise indicate that postoperative pain can be reduced using Benson relaxation.

Acute pain is a common complaint following surgery in patients with femur fractures and can hinder recovery if not managed effectively. This study aimed to describe the application of Benson’s relaxation therapy in reducing pain after Open Reduction and Internal Fixation (ORIF) for femur fracture. A nursing care case study was conducted on Mrs. S, an 82-year-old woman, in the Central Operating Theatre of Labuang Baji General Hospital, Makassar. Assessment was performed in the post-anesthesia care unit, followed by the identification of the nursing diagnosis Acute Pain (D.0077), intervention using Benson’s relaxation therapy combined with collaborative pharmacological analgesia (ketorolac), implementation, and one-hour evaluation. Results showed a reduction in pain intensity from a score of 6 to 4 on the Numeric Rating Scale, a change in pain pattern from continuous to intermittent, and improved vital signs along with decreased behavioral indicators of pain (grimacing, restlessness, and protective posture). These findings indicate that Benson’s relaxation therapy is an effective non-pharmacological intervention for managing acute postoperative pain, consistent with theoretical evidence that this technique reduces pain perception through muscle relaxation, deep breathing, and reinforcement of spiritual beliefs.

Pain is one of the main complaints experienced by postoperative patients, including those undergoing laminectomy, which can interfere with comfort, hinder mobility, and slow the healing process. Non-pharmacological nursing interventions such as relaxation techniques have become important alternatives for reducing pain holistically. This study aims to evaluate the effectiveness of the finger-holding relaxation technique in reducing pain in postoperative laminectomy patients. The study used a descriptive case study design involving a patient named Mrs. S in the Amarilis Ward of Prof. Dr. Margono Soekarjo Regional Hospital, Purwokerto. The intervention was carried out for three consecutive days, twice a day, with each session lasting 15 minutes. The results showed a marked decrease in pain score from a scale of 7 (severe pain) on the first day to 1 (mild pain) on the fourth day, accompanied by gradual improvement in physical mobility, absence of surgical wound infection, and better discharge readiness. This technique also had a positive impact on the patient’s emotional comfort. Therefore, the finger-holding relaxation technique is proven to be a simple yet effective intervention in supporting the holistic recovery of postoperative laminectomy patients.

Labor is the process of expelling the products of conception, namely the fetus and placenta, after reaching full term and being viable in the womb. There are two types of delivery: normal delivery and caesarean section (SC). Caesarean section (SC) is a surgical procedure performed through an incision in the uterine wall to deliver the fetus. Caesarean delivery is indicate in cases of cephalopelvic disproportion, breech or transverse fetal position, fetal weight exceeding 4,000 grams, or maternal health conditions that may endanger the mother and fetus. One of the common complications following caesarean delivery is pain. Pain is an unpleasant sensory and emotional experience associated with actual or potential tissue damage. An intervention that can be applied to reduce post SC pain is Guided Imagery Therapy. Guided imagery therapy is a non-pharmacological intervention aimed at reducing and controlling pain by creating pleasant and relacing thoughts, focusing on breathing, and visualizing positive scenarios. This study employed a descriptive case study design using the nursing process from assessment to evaluation. The study was conducted on two patients with moderate pain (pain scale 4-6) after SC at TK II Putri Hijau Hosiptal Medan. The results showed that after the application of guided imagery therapy for three days with a duration of 40 minutes per session, pain levels decreased to mild (pain scale 1-3). In ptient I, pain decreased from a score of 5 to 3, an in patient 2, from a score of 6 to 3. In conclusion, guided imagery therapy was successfully applied in reducing post -SC pain levels and can serve as a reference for further research on pain reduction following caesarean section.

An autoimmune condition that targets the joints is rheumatoid arthritis. The joints and surrounding tissues are inflamed due to this disease. Symptoms of this arthritis include joint stiffness, edema, and persistent discomfort. Women are more likely to suffer from rheumatoid arthritis than men, especially those between the ages of 40 and 75. Chronic pain is a sensory or affective experience that lasts >3 months, has mild to severe intensity, and can begin suddenly or gradually. This is related to real or functional tissue damage. To minimize the chronic pain experienced by rheumatoid arthritis patients, this case study aims to assess the effectiveness of cutaneous stimulation, also known as skin stimulation (foot massage). The nursing care method provided to patients with rheumatoid arthritis who complained of discomfort during five morning sessions using skin stimulation therapy (Foot Massage) is described in this case study using descriptive methodology. The application questionnaire was used to measure pain levels before and after the procedure, and the Rheumatoid Arthritis Pain Scale (Raps) was used to evaluate the results. After five sessions, the patient's pain level decreased, according to the case study findings. Conclusion: Discomfort is reduced by applying cutaneous stimulation (foot massage). Since foot massage helps alleviate pain, it can be used as an intervention for RA patients experiencing chronic pain.

Surgery is one of the medical procedures divided into three periods of pre operative, intra operative, and post operative. At least 11% of the global disease burden comes from conditions that can actually be addressed through surgery. Surgical procedures will certainly require anesthesia, one of which is general anesthesia with the Endotracheal Tube (ETT) intubation technique. Endotracheal Tube (ETT) intubation can cause various complications, the most common being postoperative sore throat. One of the risk factors for sore throat after Endotracheal Tube (ETT) intubation is the duration of surgery. This research is a quantitative study with a descriptive correlational design and a cross-sectional approach. The sample in this study consisted of 30 patients undergoing surgery with general anesthesia using the Endotracheal Tube (ETT) intubation technique, determined by quota sampling. The research instruments used were a clock to measure the duration of surgery and an observation sheet containing the measurement of sore throat level using the Numeric Rating Scale (NRS). Data analysis in this study included univariate and bivariate analyses, with the latter tested using the Spearman rank test. The results of the Spearman rank test between the variables of surgical duration and postoperative sore throat in general anesthesia with the Endotracheal Tube (ETT) intubation technique showed a p = 0.000 and an r = 0.912, which means that the two variables have a significant and positive relationship in line with a very strong correlation strength. This indicates that the longer the duration of surgery, the higher the postoperative sore throat scale in general anesthesia with the Endotracheal Tube (ETT) intubation technique.

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menganalisis efektivitas teknik bedah laparoskopi dibandingkan dengan bedah konvensional pada pasien apendisitis akut di rumah sakit dengan pendekatan bibliometrik menggunakan perangkat lunak VOSviewer. Teknik laparoskopi semakin banyak digunakan karena dianggap memberikan hasil klinis yang lebih baik, seperti waktu pemulihan yang lebih cepat, nyeri pascaoperasi yang lebih ringan, dan masa rawat inap yang lebih singkat. Data bibliometrik diambil dari database Scopus dengan kata kunci "laparoscopic appendectomy", "conventional appendectomy", dan "acute appendicitis" untuk publikasi antara tahun 2015–2025. Analisis VOSviewer menunjukkan tren peningkatan penelitian pada teknik laparoskopi, dengan kata kunci yang paling sering muncul meliputi minimally invasive surgery, hospital stay, postoperative pain, dan surgical outcomes. Hasil telaah pustaka menunjukkan bahwa bedah laparoskopi memiliki keunggulan dibandingkan bedah konvensional dalam hal durasi rawat inap dan pemulihan pascaoperasi, meskipun masih terdapat kontroversi dalam hal biaya dan waktu operasi. Dengan demikian, teknik laparoskopi direkomendasikan sebagai pilihan utama dalam penanganan apendisitis akut, terutama di rumah sakit dengan fasilitas dan tenaga medis yang memadai. Penelitian ini juga menyoroti perlunya kajian lokal yang lebih kontekstual terhadap penerapan teknik ini di rumah sakit di Indonesia.(translate inggris)

cesarean section is a delivery technique that involves making an incision in the uterine wall (hysterotomy) through the front abdominal wall (laparotomy). The action of a cesarean section causes a change in the continuity of body tissues that results in pain. This writing aims to apply the provision of lavender aromatherapy as a non-pharmacological nursing intervention at the Islamic Hospital Malahayati Medan, 2nd Floor New Room. This type of writing is a case study using a nursing care approach for a 35-year-old mother diagnosed with post-cesarean section. The intervention provided was the administration of lavender aromatherapy using inhalation methods with a diffuser, by adding 1 cc of lavender essential oil and 10 cc of clean water into the humidifier for 10 – 15 minutes over 3 consecutive days. This was indicated by the patient reporting that pain decreased to a pain scale of 3 from a pain scale of 6. Lavender aromatherapy therapy has proven to be effective as a non-pharmacological therapy in reducing pain intensity after Caesarean section