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Lifting is a common activity in fabrication and construction processes. It is a hazardous activity; failure during the lifting process can cause permanent damage to the products or structures being worked on. Furthermore, failure during the lifting process can endanger worker safety and even jeopardize the entire project. Lifting operations require not only calculations of the lifting equipment’s capacity—such as cranes and supporting tools like slings and shackles—but also an assessment of structural strength. Therefore, structural analysis under lifting conditions is essential; errors in planning can have severe consequences for the project. The planning stages are carried out using STAADpro software, starting from geometric modeling through to inputting parameters in accordance with applicable standards and regulations, such as the load magnification factor specified in DNVGL-ST -N001 Marine Operations and Marine Warranty, and the results of the analysis using STAADpro are re-verified through manual calculations in accordance with SNI 1729-2020 Specifications for Structural Steel Buildings. This verification process is carried out to ensure that the numerical analysis results obtained meet the requirements for strength, stability, and structural performance in accordance with design standards.

Ergonomic risk is one of the factors contributing to musculoskeletal disorders in nurses due to work activities such as lifting patients, maintaining non-ergonomic postures, and performing repetitive movements. These conditions can impact the health of healthcare workers, work productivity, and the quality of nursing services. This study aims to describe the level of ergonomic risk and musculoskeletal complaints in nurses at Datu Beru Takengon Regional General Hospital. The study used a quantitative descriptive design with a cross-sectional approach. The subjects were nurses working in several hospital service units. Ergonomic risk assessment was carried out using the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA), while musculoskeletal complaints were measured using the Nordic Body Map (NBM). Analysis was carried out univariately and presented in the form of frequency distribution and percentage. The evaluation results showed that there was still exposure to ergonomic risks in nurses' work activities. Musculoskeletal complaints were predominantly found in the neck, shoulders, back, and waist areas. Factors suspected of contributing include manual patient transfer activities, non-ergonomic work postures, and limited utilization of ergonomic support facilities. Ergonomic risks are still found among nurses at Datu Beru Takengon Regional Hospital and have the potential to increase the incidence of musculoskeletal disorders. Strengthening the ergonomics program through training, providing supporting facilities, and regular evaluations is needed.

Manual handling is still commonly performed across all occupational sectors, particularly by workers in production and warehouse roles. This situation indicates that warehouse workers face a relatively high physical workload due to manual handling activities, which can potentially lead to musculoskeletal disorders (MSDs). This study aims to analyze the relationship between workload in manual handling activities and MSD complaints using the recommended weight limit (RWL) method at Warehouse AB. This study employs a cross-sectional design and total sampling, with a population of 29 workers in the goods lifting and transport section at Warehouse AB. The independent variables examined in this study included workload, age, and body mass index (BMI). The dependent variable in this study was MSD complaints. This study was conducted through observation, measurement, and interviews. The measurement results will be analyzed using IBM SPSS Statistics 27 software with Spearman’s rank correlation test. The results of the correlation test indicate that there is no association between workload, age, and BMI in manual handling activities and MSD complaints. Relevant parties are encouraged to implement the use of back supports and carts as a form of early prevention against MSD complaints.

The R05 Community Service Program (KKN), Subgroup 1 in Kalikatir Village, Gondang District, Mojokerto Regency, aims to implement hydram pump technology as an environmentally friendly and energy-efficient irrigation solution. This technology is designed to meet the water needs of 100 hectares of banana plantations, especially during the dry season. The implementation method includes initial surveys, design, manufacture, installation, and testing of the hydram pump, involving the participation of Kalikatir villagers. The results show that the pump is capable of lifting water to a height of 30 meters with 70% efficiency, although it has not yet reached the daily target. This technology has been proven to reduce operational costs and increase agricultural productivity. It is hoped that in the future, this technology can be further developed to improve its efficiency and sustainability.

Lifting activities are an essential part of manual material handling across various industrial sectors and constitute a primary source of ergonomic risk exposure when performed with inappropriate work postures. The use of hands-off tools such as push-pull sticks is often implemented to maintain a safe distance between workers and loads and to reduce exposure to line-of-fire hazards. However, the implementation of work aids does not automatically ensure neutral work postures, as push-pull techniques, reach distances, and environmental conditions can still lead to awkward postures. This study aims to evaluate the work posture risk in lifting activities using a fiber-composite push-pull stick based on the Rapid Entire Body Assessment (REBA) method. The research was conducted as an observational analytic field study involving nine workers in tubular pushing and pulling activities. Work postures were documented through direct observation and visual recordings, then assessed using REBA to obtain risk scores, risk categories, and required corrective actions. The results indicate that work postures fall into the medium to high-risk categories, with trunk and shoulder components being the dominant contributors. These findings confirm the need for improvements in work methods, ergonomic training, and strengthening of lifting SOPs to optimize the safety and ergonomic benefits of work aids.

This article discusses the influence of mutual understanding of material counseling on attitudes of social concern in the learning of Islamic religion education in high schools in Cendana Pekanbaru. This type of research is quantitative research on correlation forms. Sampling in this study used the simple random sampling technique, so we found samples of a total of 24 people. Data collection techniques are observation, documentation, and lifting. Technical data analysis using the product moment technique found that the known value of R count is 0.027. While the R table known is 0.413, So it is known that 0.027 < 0.413, which means there is no significant relationship between the understanding of material mutually advised and the social concerns of the pupils at Cendana Pekanbaru High School. Although the absence of influence between understandings of the material is mutually advised on the social interests of pupils, the excellent social care attitude that exists in pupils who attend Candana High School must be caused by various other factors. To list the various factors that must be considered when conducting additional research.

Work activities in workshops often require static and repetitive body positions, such as bending over, lifting heavy loads, or reaching into narrow areas of vehicles. These habits can gradually cause muscle tension and lead to neck and lower back pain. Given the high risk, physiotherapy counseling on occupational safety and health (OSH) and ergonomics was conducted to provide practical understanding to B-Garage, Batu City workshop workers. The counseling was delivered interactively through material presentations, direct discussions, and demonstrations of stretching exercises that can be easily applied in daily activities. The results of the activity showed a very significant increase in knowledge; participants who initially did not understand the principles of ergonomics and musculoskeletal pain prevention were able to identify work risks and practice stretching exercises correctly after the education session. This change was clearly evident from the post-test results, which showed a significant overall improvement compared to the pre-test. These findings indicate that physical therapy education not only enhances knowledge but also promotes behavioral changes toward safer, more comfortable, and more productive work patterns.

Maintenance and repair work in a building or structure is not only in low places, but also in high places which require assistive devices. The assistive device in question is scaffolding. The design of this scaffolding begins with a literature study followed by data collection in the Mechanical Engineering Department of the Semarang State Polytechnic to obtain data on the need for height assistive devices which are used as a reference for making electric scaffolding. The purpose of this study is to design an electric scaffolding with a capacity of 300 kg and to perform the performance of the electric scaffolding made. After the design of the electric scaffolding, the dimensions of the equipment were obtained, namely 1000 mm x 1500 mm x 2000 mm and specifications that can lift goods with a maximum height of 5 m, a minimum height of 0.35 m, a maximum load of 300 kg and an AC 220 V electric hoist drive. Based on the results of the performance test, in this case the test data was taken from the weight of the load that the machine can lift based on the travel time when the machine moves up and down. The load weight of 300 kg with electric scaffolding was covered in 27.44 seconds when going up and 21.02 seconds when moving down.

A crane is a mechanical device used to move loads from one location to another, with gantry cranes being one of the most commonly used types in the industrial sector, particularly at container terminals. While offering numerous benefits, the use of gantry cranes also presents several risks, such as potential structural failure of the crane, falling loads due to damage to hooks or ropes, and collisions with other objects. Additionally, lifting loads beyond the crane’s capacity can lead to equipment damage and even fatal accidents caused by electric shocks or adverse weather conditions like strong winds and rain. This study aims to identify and minimize workplace accident risks by applying the SWIFT (Structured What-If Technique) method. This method identifies hazards through the "what if" approach and evaluates risks using the Risk Rating Number (RRN), which measures the severity and likelihood of potential hazards. The results of this study show that ARTG and STS gantry cranes have 25% of hazards in the priority one category, while RTG has 20% of hazards in the same priority. From these findings, it can be concluded that risk mitigation should be focused on the ARTG and STS types, which show higher risk proportions. The recommendations from this study are to enhance safety procedures, provide continuous training for operators, and conduct regular crane maintenance to reduce the potential for accidents. By implementing these mitigation measures, it is hoped that workplace safety will be maintained and the risk of workplace accidents at the Semarang Container Terminal can be minimized.

Introduction Shoulder pain is one of the most common complaints of Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) experienced by workers due to non-ergonomic working postures, repetitive movements, and excessive workloads. This condition can reduce productivity and overall quality of life. Objective To increase restaurant workers’ knowledge about shoulder pain prevention through ergonomic education and simple stretching exercises that can be performed independently. Methods A descriptive observational study was conducted involving 20 kitchen workers at Potre Koneng Restaurant. The program consisted of permission procedures, workplace observation, questionnaire distribution, and health education using a leaflet. The educational material included the definition of shoulder pain, signs and symptoms, risk factors, preventive measures, and simple stretching techniques. Results The Form revealed that most workers experienced shoulder pain related to bending postures, lifting loads >5 kg, and limited rest breaks. Following the education session, participants demonstrated improved understanding of proper working posture and the importance of regular stretching, and expressed willingness to practice it during work breaks. Conclusion Ergonomic education and stretching exercises were effective in improving awareness of shoulder pain prevention among informal sector workers. Similar programs are recommended as promotive and preventive measures in high-risk workplaces.

Background : Appendectomy is a surgical procedure to remove the appendix which is done as soon as possible to reduce the risk of perforation. Nursing problems that arise after appendectomy is acute pain. Objectives: Gaining real experience and knowledge and being able to document the application of deep breathing relaxation techniques is an appropriate non-pharmacological action in reducing pain scale. Method: this type of scientific paper uses a descriptive method with a descriptive case study approach with a case study approach to explore the problem of nursing care carried out on two patients carried out on June 15 - 20 2021. Results: from the results of nursing care to Mrs "S" and Mr "M" with a nursing diagnosis in the first patient, namely acute pain related to physical injury agents (eg abscess, amputation, burns, cuts, heavy lifting, surgical procedures, trauma, excessive physical exercise), impaired sense of comfort related to symptoms of the disease ( pain), impaired physical mobility related to decreased muscle strength (pain), and the second patient's diagnosis was acute pain related to physical injuring agents (eg abscess, amputation, burns, cuts, heavy lifting, surgical procedures, trauma, excessive physical exercise), discomfort related to symptoms of disease (pain), anxiety related to situational crises, lack of exposure to information, impaired physical mobility associated with decreased muscle strength (pain). The interventions in both patients were: identification of location, characteristics, duration, frequency, quality and intensity of pain, identification of pain scale, identification of non-verbal pain responses. The evaluation of the first patient had a pain intensity scale of 6 (moderate), and the second patient a pain scale of 7 (severe). The results of the study in the Surgery Room of the Palembang Bari Regional General Hospital after the deep breathing relaxation technique was carried out in the first patient on a pain scale of 6 (moderate) to 3 (mild), and the second patient pain scale of 7 (severe) to 4 (moderate). Conclusion: Progress notes to both patients on the application of deep breathing relaxation techniques to reduce pain intensity. The results of the nursing evaluation of the problem were partially resolved.

Occupational Health and Safety (OHS) is a systematic effort aimed at protecting workers from the risks of accidents and work-related diseases. The implementation of OHS integrated with risk management helps identify, evaluate, and control potential hazards effectively in the workplace. This study was conducted at PT. Sarana Sampit Mentaya Utama, Balikpapan Branch, a company engaged in asphalt production. The main objectives of this research were to identify potential hazards, determine appropriate control measures, and evaluate the role of the Job Safety Analysis (JSA) method in supporting OHS. The research method used is JSA, which involves identifying each work step, determining the likelihood and severity of risks, and calculating the risk rating to assess the level of risk. The results showed that there are three potential hazards with a medium-risk category, namely in the activities of raw material mixing, quality control, and asphalt distribution. Additionally, three potential hazards with a low-risk category were found in the processes of raw material weighing, raw material transfer, and pump line valve opening. Recommended control measures to reduce risks include the use of appropriate personal protective equipment (PPE) for each task, improving work facilities and infrastructure, and implementing proper load lifting procedures. The application of JSA has proven effective in raising the company's awareness of potential risks in the workplace. This has led to the implementation of better preventive measures, ultimately contributing to the creation of a safer, healthier, and more productive work environment. Therefore, the integration of OHS with risk management at PT. Sarana Sampit Mentaya Utama plays a significant role in safeguarding the safety and well-being of workers.

According to the circular letter from the Head of the Inspectorate General (KaIT) regarding the review of mining accident cases in September 2024 and the review of mining accidents in the third quarter of 2024, the percentage of accidents occurring in workshops reached 16.13%. Over the past five years, the Plant Department of PT Saptaindra Sejati Jobsite Sera has experienced two major incidents classified as Lost Time Injury (LTI) resulting from working with lifting equipment on undercarriage components. The purpose of this study is to identify risks, analyze risk levels, and provide recommendations for risk control in the overhaul work of the PC210-10M0 undercarriage. This research applies the HIRADC method by identifying potential hazards through calculations of likelihood and severity levels to obtain the risk level using a risk matrix. Control measures are then carried out through administrative actions such as documentation and the use of personal protective equipment (PPE). The results of this study indicate a decrease in risk levels after implementing risk controls—from extreme risk to medium risk, and from high risk to low risk. Suggestions from this study include the need to develop updated HIRADC for each section, actively conduct socialization regarding Job Safety Analysis (JSA) before work, and perform inspections as well as observations related to work behavior.

This study aims to optimize the productivity of Crawler Crane heavy equipment in lifting precast concrete structural elements at PT Wijaya Karya Beton Tbk. The method used is a descriptive qualitative approach with data collection through direct observation in the field. The data is based on the equipment's operating cycle time and work efficiency. The results of the study show that the Crawler Crane heavy equipment used by PT Wijaya Karya Beton Tbk. produces a productivity of 20 tons/hour or 160 tons/day for 8 hours with the need for 2 units of crawler crane heavy equipment, resulting in a work efficiency of 80%. So the productivity results from the calculation have been optimal, so it is hoped that the results of this study can be a reference in the management of heavy equipment, especially Crawler Cranes in construction work at the Company PT. Wijaya Karya Beton Tbk.

The initial survey conducted by researchers at the Port of Meulaboh observed the working processes of the PBM (Port Operators) of the Coal Company. Based on field data, there were 3 cases due to unsafe actions such as being struck by lifting equipment, falling, and being trapped, and there was 1 case due to an unsafe condition where the work accident occurred due to slipping. The research aims to identify risk factors of unsafe actions and unsafe conditions related to work accidents among coal unloading workers at Meulaboh Sea Port. Quantitative analytical study using a cross-sectional design is the methodology employed. Thirty unloading workers make up the study's population and sample size (total sampling). Both univariate and bivariate data analysis are employed. The findings indicated a strong correlation between dangerous condition factors (P value = 0.017 and PR = 2.5) as well as risky behavior characteristics (PR = 4.250 and P value = 0.002). and workplace mishaps involving employees.

This article discusses the influence of mutual understanding of material counseling on attitudes of social concern in the learning of Islamic religion education in high schools in Cendana Pekanbaru. This type of research is quantitative research on correlation forms. Sampling in this study used the simple random sampling technique, so we found samples of a total of 24 people. Data collection techniques are observation, documentation, and lifting. Technical data analysis using the product moment technique found that the known value of R count is 0.027. While the R table known is 0.413, So it is known that 0.027 < 0.413, which means there is no significant relationship between the understanding of material mutually advised and the social concerns of the pupils at Cendana Pekanbaru High School. Although the absence of influence between understandings of the material is mutually advised on the social interests of pupils, the excellent social care attitude that exists in pupils who attend Candana High School must be caused by various other factors. To list the various factors that must be considered when conducting additional research.

Musculoskeletal Disorders (MSDs) encompassing conditions affecting muscles, bones, joints, ligaments, nerves, and tendons , are a prevalent occupational health issue, particularly in roles involving physical tasks like lifting, pushing, pulling, or carrying loads. This study aims to synthesize current scientific findings on the prevalence, contributing risk factors, and effective prevention strategies for MSDs in manual handling contexts. A systematic literature search was conducted using Google Scholar, focusing on peer-reviewed journal articles published between January 2020 and June 2025. The review identified a consistently high prevalence of MSDs, with the lower back, shoulders, neck, and upper extremities being the most commonly affected areas. Key risk factors are multifactorial, including physical/ergonomic aspects (e.g., awkward postures, heavy loads, repetitive motions, prolonged exposure, vibration) , individual factors (e.g., age, BMI, injury history) , psychosocial factors (e.g., high job demands, low job control, stress) , and organizational/manegerial factors (e.g., inadequate training, poor workstation design). The findings underscore the necessity of a holistic and integrated approach to manage MSDs.  

Since the lifting of the pandemic status, Indonesia’s aviation industry has experienced significant growth, marked by a rise in both domestic and international passengers. Bali, particularly I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport, has emerged as a major destination, with a 22% increase in total passengers between 2023 and 2024. Jeju Air is one of the international airlines that recently launched a route to Bali, making service quality crucial, especially in ground handling activities like the check-in process. This research investigates the impact of check-in counter personnel service quality on the satisfaction of Jeju Air passengers at I Gusti Ngurah Rai International Airport. Conducted between May 1st and 30th, the study employed a quantitative method using simple linear regression analysis. Data were collected, analyzed, presented, and concluded systematically. The theoretical framework combines the Servqual model of service quality (Zeithaml et al.) and passenger satisfaction theory by Kotler. Results show a positive influence of service quality on satisfaction, evidenced by a t-value (5.776) exceeding the t-table value (2.425), thus supporting the alternative hypothesis. The coefficient of determination (R²) is 0.254, indicating that 25.4% of the variation in passenger satisfaction is explained by the quality of check-in counter services.

The loading and unloading process involves moving goods from one place to another, often requiring specialized equipment such as a wire crane. In maritime operations, unexpected incidents like wire crane breakage can occur. Wire crane breakage refers to damage in the sling wire of a ship's crane, reducing its lifting capacity and causing the wire fibres to unravel. During sea-based fieldwork on the MV. Pacific Bulk, researchers observed a wire crane failure during loading and unloading operations, which caused delays and financial losses. This study aims to identify the causes of wire crane breakage on the MV. Pacific Bulk and examine its technical and operational impacts. Using a qualitative descriptive method and fishbone analysis for data interpretation, the study found several contributing factors: wire corrosion, crane age, lack of standard operating procedures (SOPs) for crane maintenance, insufficient crew, inadequate maintenance, lack of routine inspections, and challenging environmental conditions. The research also highlights the technical and operational consequences of such failures, including delays and economic loss. To address the issue, the study suggests implementing scheduled periodic inspections following SOPs, applying regular lubrication, and maintaining data records of the wire crane’s lifespan. These preventative measures aim to improve operational efficiency and avoid future wire crane failures.

The phenomenon that occurs in the load lifting system is the need for an efficient and reliable mechanism to move the crane hoist pulley vertically and horizontally. This study aims to design and test a crane hoist system that uses a DC motor and a stepper motor controlled by an L293D motor driver, and to develop an application based on MIT App Inventor to control the movement of the motor. The research method used is integrated hardware and software design, followed by testing the performance of the motor, driver, and the application developed. Testing was carried out under limited load conditions, to measure the motor speed, voltage, and current used at loads of 10 to 100 grams. The results of the study showed that the system can function well at varying speeds, and the motor is able to lift a maximum load of up to 100 grams with a speed that decreases according to the weight of the load. The MIT App Inventor application successfully controls the motor effectively via a WiFi connection with a maximum distance of 10 meters, and loads the operation of the crane vertically and horizontally. This study proves that the designed system is able to work optimally in lifting and moving loads, and the application developed provides easy and efficient control.