Due to the quick advancement of digital technology, online purchasing and selling has become easier. Online transactions do, however, come with a number of drawbacks, including fraud, mismatches between products and their descriptions, and privacy violations. With reference to Law Number 8 of 1999 on Consumer Protection, the purpose of this study is to examine the legal safeguards that Indonesian consumers have when making purchases online. The study's results, which were obtained using a normative juridical research methodology with an emphasis on statutory regulatory analysis, indicate that while the Consumer Protection Law creates a basic legal framework, more oversight and regulations are necessary to ensure its greater efficacy when applied in the digital sphere.

this study aims to find out about how the legal liability of football competition organizers in the case of unlawful acts in the tragedy of Kanjuruhan Malang in 2022 based on the Civil Code. The method used in this study is normative with legislation and case approach. Legal materials are collected through library studies, then analyzed prescriptively. The results of the study show that the Kanjuruhan tragedy at the Kanjuruhan Stadium in Malang in 2022 has brought losses to many victims so that there is a need for a form of legal accountability regarding unlawful acts committed by the defendant. For this reason, in civil law, the form of liability is in the form of compensation for damages in unlawful acts under Articles 1365, 1367, 1370 and 1371 of the Civil Code committed by the defendant to the victim.

This research is made for; (1) to understand the factors that can underlie the occurrence of psychological violence perpetrated by wives in the household sphere and to find out (2) what forms of legal protection are provided for victims of psychological violence perpetrated by wives in the household sphere. The research used by the researchers namely using the type of empirical legal research. Through a statutory approach and a case approach that is actually based on the source of case analysis obtained through interviews, while the legal materials used are primary legal materials and secondary legal materials. Underlying the occurrence of psychological violence perpetrated by the wife within the scope of the household are internal factors as well as external factors. Internal factors consist of: Family factors that discriminate, in the form of physical humiliation and the victim's job so as to generate income that is only sufficient for the needs of the family but not with the wishes of the perpetrator, can encourage the perpetrator to commit the psychological violence. Whereas external factors consist of: Economic factors and social environment as for excessive acts of using social media. The form of legal protection for victims of psychological violence perpetrated by wives in the household sphere, namely the form of protection has been explained in Law Number 23 of 2004 concerning the Elimination of Domestic Violence, which has been explained in Article 7 regarding psychological violence which has been considered as According to research materials by the researchers, this article explains what is meant in Article 5 letter b, namely behavior that results in fear, loss of self-confidence, loss of ability to act, feeling of helplessness, and/or severe psychological suffering to a person.