The principal's job is to mobilize people in the school organization so they can work optimally. The community and parents can collaborate to provide ideas for assistance and become resource persons in various activities to improve the quality of education in schools. The aim of this research is the ability of school principals and parent participation in improving teacher performance in elementary schools. The method used in this research is explanatory research, with the sampling technique being a Regional Sample (Probability Sample Area), meaning that the sampling technique is carried out by taking representatives from each region contained in the population. The respondents in this study were 25 people. The instrument test analysis method used in this study includes validity and reliability tests. The research results show that the teacher's duties will run well if they are supported by good communication from the school principal and the student's guardians. The motivation of a leader, in this case the principal, is essential and plays a role so that teachers and employees can synergize and carry out their duties with full responsibility and optimal results, namely good performance.

The purpose of this study was to determine the effect of plastic cups & marbles props on the level of understanding, activity and understanding and activities of students in learning mathematics. This study uses a quantitative research method with a Quasi Experimental Design research design. The population in this study were all students of SD Negeri Mlajah 2 Bangkalan as many as 454 students, the samples were class IIa and class IIb, the determination of the sample was carried out using purposive sampling. The results showed that 1) there was an effect of plastic cups & marbles props on the level of students' understanding of mathematics learning and obtained a sig value. of 0.012 < 0.05 for class A and 0.004 < 0.05 for class B. 2) There is an effect of teaching aids plastic cups & marbles on student activities in class A mathematics learning with a value of sig. of 0.000 < 0.05. 3) there is no effect of plastic cups & marbles props on student activities in class B mathematics learning with a sig. of 0.986 > 0.05 in accordance with the criteria for the Multivariate Analysis of Variance test.

<p>Dalam kegiatan pembangunan proyek Insfrastruktur Perdesaan terdapat dua kelompok besar resiko yaitu Resiko internal, dimana resiko ini ada pada Tim Pelaksana Kegiatan (TPK) / LPMD, Pendamping Lokal Desa dan Pendamping Desa. Dan yang kedua Resiko eksternal, yaitu ada pada kendali Kepala Desa dan Perangkat Desa dan Team dari Pemerintah Kabupaten yang tidak terlibat langsung dalam kegiatan pembangunan.</p><p>Penelitian ini diawali dengan pembagian kuisener pertama yaitu mencari nilai probabilitas faktor resiko yang terjadi, sedangkan identifikasi resiko di ambil dari kuisioner utama kemudian didapat besar risiko, kemudian tahap pengukuran risiko dipetakan dengan diagram <strong><em>treshold of risk levels </em></strong>untuk mengetahui posisi risiko yang terjadi dan sebagai dasar dalam penyusunan pengelolaan risiko. Dan didapat nilai risiko terbesar 25, terkecil 1 dan rata-rata 6 dan dari observasi, dari hasil wawancara lapangan didapat bahwa risiko belum dikolola secara maksimal oleh tim pelaksana kegiatan ataupun pemerintah desa/pengelola, sedangkan dari Pemkab manajemen risiko pengelolaannya masih terbatas pada penyerapan anggaran untuk mengurangi silpa, jadi secara khusus selain dari penyerapan anggaran ADD, DD dan DHB masih belum tampak pengelolaannya.</p><p>Model Manajemen Resiko pada penelitian ini diselesaikan dengan sistem dinamik menggunakan sofware Vensim didapat sistem pembangunan berkelanjutan sangat mempengaruhi hasil identifikasi resiko dengan semakin banyak faktor keberanjutan semakin menurun tingkat risiko dan perbaikan pada tingkat Manajemen, SDM, Material dan Peralatan, akan mempengaruhi tingkat Resiko, sebagaimana ditunjukkan dalam grafik sebelum berubahan skenario SFD dan setelah diadakan berubahan skenario SFD.</p>