In food chain of terrestrial ecosystem, ants have roles as predator of other arthropods, eater of seed, nectar, plant and aphid secreation, and fragmenter of dead organic matter. This research wanted to know the ant biodiversities and dominant ant species at Bendosari Park ecosystem, Salatiga municipality. Sampling technique used pitfall-trap in 10 zones that every zone had different trees composition. Each zone put five pitfall-traps,for 2x12 hours that were collected at 06.00 and 18.00. Observation was done eight times, every two weeks. Research result got five sub families, 16 genera, 20 morfospecies and 1462 individu. Species richness index of ant at 06.00 and 18.00 were 2.48 and 2.35. Species eveneess index of ant at 06.00 and 18.00 were 0.76 and 0.54. Species biodiversity index of ant at 06.00 and 18.00 were 2.19 and 1.60. Species biodiversity index of ant that relatively high was found at zone 2 and relatively low was found at zone 6 eventhough there was not different from one zone to others.

Wheat in Indonesia is the second staple food. Wheat seed are processed to become wheat flour.From wheat flour can be made noodle, bread and other foods. One factor that is affected wheatproductivity is competition between wheat and weeds. The aim of the research were to know theaffect of weeding times toward growth and yield of wheat of Genotype 10, and to know weedingperiods that were critical periods of free weed of Genotype 10 wheat. This research usedRandomized Completely Block Design (RCBD) with eight treatments and five replications. Thetreatments tested were four periods of wheat crop without weeds and four periods of wheat cropwith weed. Research result data were analyzed by using analysis of variance (ANNOVA) andhonestly significant different (HSD) at 95% significant level. Research results showed that: (1)both periods with and without weeds affected number of tillers per clump, seed weight perpanicle, and (2) Seed weight per clump in period of weed controlled was highest significantlycompared with seed weight per clump in period with weed. It could be concluded that criticalweed- free periods of Genotype 10 of wheat were between 14 days until 42 days after sowing.

Some rubber farmers in Indonesia use un-recommended latex coagulant and it causes bad quality of rubber. The utilization of organic latex coagulants has the potential way to improve rubber quality. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of pineapple exocarp extract, gadung tuber extract and liquid of pulp cocoa fermentation as latex coagulants toward rubber quality. The study was using Randomized Completely Block Design with six treatments and four replications the treatments tested was 10 ml and 20 ml pineapple exocarp extract, 10 ml and 20 ml gadung extract and 10 ml and 20 ml liquid of pulp cocoa fermentation. The parameters observed were contact time, weight of rubber and rubber characteristic which are comprised of serum clarity, rubber color and rubber stinky smell produced, ash content and volatile matter compared to Standart Indonesian Rubber (SIR) 20. The result of this study showed that 20 ml latex coagulant had faster contact time than others and increased weight of the rubber. It showed that rubbers produced a bit stinky smell as well, it was better than rubbers produced by inorganic latex coagulant.