Stroke often causes disturbances in the sensorimotor system, which can interfere with the sufferer's ability to maintain balance and movement. Visual feedback can provide real-time information regarding the position and movement of a patient's body after a stroke, by adjusting movement adjustments and controlling body posture to maintain balance. The aim of this research is to determine the effect of visual feedback from the exercises given on post-stroke patients' posture control related to muscle activity, center of pressure, balance, gait and functional ability. The method used is a literature review through searching Pubmed and Scopus articles with the keywords "Visual Feedback" AND "Postural Control" OR "Postural Instability" AND Stroke which will be identified and selected using PRISMA guidelines. The research results showed that from 488 search articles, 6 articles were obtained that met the inclusion and exclusion criteria for review, which informed that visual feedback mediated by sit to stand exercises, Dynamic Sitting Sport, Sitting Balance, or visual feedback with a stable surface and bilateral visual feedback can improve muscle activity, center of pressure, balance, gait and functional abilities of post-stroke patients. The conclusion of this research is that there is an influence of visual feedback from the exercises given on posture control in stroke patients.

Background: Para-sport provides a new meaning of life for people with disabilities giving them the opportunity to compete nationally and globally, the achievements obtained will have a positive impact on the quality of life, social and economic. To achieve all of this requires biomechanical analysis such as ground reaction force to the specific needs of para-athletes. Objective: To determine the changes in ground reaction force (GRF) in para-athletes with various impairments. Methods: Following PRISMA guidelines, studies from 2015 to 2025 were analyzed in Scopus, PubMed, Springer, and Google Scholar. The eligible study examined para-athletes with a focus on the variable ground reaction force. Results: the 87 articles obtained 8 articles met the inclusion criteria. The participants was 97 (12.88 ± 6.97). Quality assessment (6.75 ± 0.7). This review identified significant differences in GRF between para-athletes and healthy athletes, especially in those with uTFA. Asymmetry in vertical and anterior-posterior GRFs is observed between affected and unaffected limbs in athletes with uTFA. Conclusions: This review emphasizes the importance of understanding GRF patterns in para-athletes to improve training methods, prosthetic design, and injury prevention strategies. These findings highlight the need for individualized programs that consider the unique biomechanical challenges of para-athletes.