Monitoring carbon dioxide in patients on mechanical ventilation is crucial for critical care nurses. Monitoring the value of arterial carbon dioxide pressure involves invasive arterial blood gas analysis. Monitoring end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure using capnography is a non-invasive method. This study aims to compare end-tidal carbon dioxide values with arterial carbon dioxide pressure in mechanically ventilated patients. The research design is a literature review. Searches were conducted through Scopus, ScienceDirect, ProQuest, and PubMed from 2018 to 2023. The Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Review and Meta-Analyses flowchart method was used to select articles. The Critical Appraisal Skills Programme was used to assess article quality. Out of 79 articles, nine articles met the criteria. The procedures for collecting end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure and arterial carbon dioxide pressure data varied in terms of instrument types used and the subjects studied. There was no significant difference in carbon dioxide values between the end-tidal carbon dioxide and arterial carbon dioxide pressure methods. The agreement in comparing carbon dioxide values was acceptable. Measuring end-tidal carbon dioxide pressure has the potential to monitor mechanically ventilated patients, reducing the need for invasive monitoring, high costs, and repetitive arterial blood gas analysis. 

 Heart disease become a leading cause of death globally. Heart failure is also a problem in Indonesia. Stress-induced smoking, lessening physical activity, diet habits, and medication non-adherence affected morbidity and mortality among heart failure patients. In the current era of digitalization, smartphones become a communication tool and source of information that are easily accessible to the public due to time, effort, and cost efficiency. This study aims to develop an Android-based autogenic relaxation intervention application to reduce stress levels. A research and development study design was used. There are three steps, the exploration of stress levels, evaluation of stress management by nurses, application development with focus group discussions and expert consultations; and the feasibility test. In stage 1, about 109 patients were assessed using a perceived stress scale questionnaire and interview sheet. In stage 2, 10 patients were assessed using the system usability scale questionnaire. Descriptive analysis was used. The result showed lifestyle changes contributing to stress levels. Stress management by nurses resulting moderates stress levels (78.9%). The Android-based application develops a menu of autogenic relaxation instructions, exercises, health education, and level evaluation. The results of the feasibility test received good acceptance from users. The Android-based autogenic relaxation applications can reduce stress levels in heart failure patients. Another study to determine the effect of autogenic relaxation applications in reducing stress levels in heart failure patients is further recommended.