Freedom of religion is a fundamental and internationally recognized human right, serving as an important foundation in creating a just society. This article explores religious freedom through the perspective of the encyclical Pacem in Terris issued by Pope John XXIII in 1963. In the document, the Pope affirms the right of every individual to worship God according to his conscience, both in private and in public. Although this freedom is guaranteed by the Indonesian constitution, its implementation often faces serious challenges such as intolerance and discrimination against minority groups. This article aims to examine the concept of religious freedom in the context of Pacem in Terris , focusing on articles 14, 35 and 36 of the encyclical, and its relevance to the current socio-political situation. Through an in-depth textual analysis of the encyclical and related literature, this article shows that the teachings of Pope John XXIII can serve as a guideline for strengthening tolerance and mutual respect among religious communities in Indonesia. Thus, this study is expected to contribute to a deeper understanding of religious freedom as part of human rights and the role of the state in ensuring its implementation.

This research aims to explore the meaning of work in the context of the Church's social teachings, with a focus on the perspective of the encyclical Laborem Exercens.The background to this research is rooted in the importance of understanding work as an integral part of human life and Church teachings. The method used is qualitative analysis of the encyclical, which includes text study and interpretation of meaning. The findings show that work is seen as a deep calling, where each individual contributes to the creation and well-being of society. In addition, this encyclical emphasizes the values ??of justice, solidarity and human dignity in the world of work. The implication of this research is the need to reaffirm the importance of work ethics based on Church teachings, as well as encouragement to create a more just and humane work environment. It is hoped that the results of this research can become a reference for stakeholders in formulating policies that support the principles of the Church's social teachings in daily work practices.

This article discusses the role of inculturation catechesis in Catholic faith formation for people with a Kaharingan faith background in Stasi Santa Anastasia Muara Napu, Mandam Parish, Diocese of Banjarmasin. Since 2014, there has been a gradual transition from Kaharingan to Catholicism in this area, which presents important challenges in integrating Catholic teachings with the strong Kaharingan culture. This descriptive qualitative research explores the strategic role of catechists as facilitators in delivering Catholic teachings in harmony with local traditions. The approach includes coaching for parents as the main pillar in the family and the Church, as well as how the inculturation process can help maintain the balance between faith and cultural identity. The results show that the inculturation approach by integrating the teachings of the Catholic faith and local culture is able to increase acceptance of Catholic teachings without compromising the cultural heritage of the people. The findings highlight the important role of catechists in accompanying the conversion process and supporting people in building families rooted in their traditional values.