Learning difficulties remain a persistent and multifaceted challenge among junior high school students, significantly impacting academic achievement, motivation, and classroom engagement. This study explores the strategic implementation of guidance and counseling (GC) services in addressing these issues at SMP Negeri 178 Jakarta. Utilizing a qualitative case study design, data were gathered through observation, in-depth interviews, and document analysis. Findings indicate that GC services are systematically delivered through individual and group counseling sessions, classroom-based interventions, and motivational enhancement programs. The primary learning issues identified include diminished motivation, academic anxiety, inadequate study skills, and socio-emotional challenges that hinder student performance. Effective GC service delivery is supported by strong collaboration among counselors, subject teachers, homeroom teachers, and parents, alongside institutional support from school leadership. Conversely, barriers such as limited counselor availability, low student engagement, and a lack of awareness regarding the function of GC services impede optimal outcomes. The study concludes that the effectiveness of GC interventions is contingent upon contextually responsive, personalized, and collaborative approaches. These findings underscore the need to strengthen policy, enhance counselor professional development, and integrate GC programs into the school’s educational management system.Keywords: Guidance and Counseling; Learning Challenges; Individual Counseling; School Collaboration; Secondary Education

The Sindu Block area in Kalibening District, Banjarnegara Regency, is a rice field area 1000 meters above sea level that often floods during the rainy season. The initial indications of the cause of flooding are high rainfall, siltation of rivers, and changes in forest land use. There is a need for research related to land use change in the Kalibening area to determine its effect on the peak discharge of the Brukah River flood. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of land use change on the percentage of increase in peak flood discharge in the Brukah River. The calculation of peak flood discharge in this study uses the HEC-HMS application with GPM satellite rainfall data, frequency analysis using Hydrognomon, and baseflow using the Gama 1 equation. The simulation results showed that the comparison between ideal conditions and other conditions in percentage terms from Q2th, Q5th, Q10th, Q25th, and Q50th was an average of 14.1% - 10.7% for 2012 conditions, then 15.7% - 11.7% for 2020 conditions, and 22.7% - 16.1% for severe conditions. Land use changes significantly affect peak flood discharge, especially in the Brukah River in the Sindu Kalibening Block area of Banjarnegara.

Implementation of the ecotourism concept that is appropriate to carry ecological and socio-economic functions that can be applied in the tourist destination area. This is inseparable from the interference from the tour, the government, the private sector that manages tourism and the surrounding community. One of the uses of ecotourism in urban areas can be applied by utilizing the maximum lakes, situ, urban forests, mangrove forests and various enriched areas that are suitable for use as ecotourism locations. Mangrove tourism in Pantai Indah Kapuk (PIK) has been included in nature tourism, it's just that if it has to do with tourism defense, the maximum concept of ecotourism can be applied to PIK mangrove forests. The research method used was case study with documentation consisting of data obtained from related parties and reporting used in the community while the method of data analysis was carried out using qualitative descriptive methods that describe and explain in full the ones explained and explained. Urban areas that appear to be busy and full of complexity save tourism with an interesting concept of ecotourism and will be maximized if it gets convenience from the government and the private sector.

Perkembangan industri blangkon di Kota Surakarta masih berjalan lambat dibanding subsektor lain seperti industri batik dan industri makanan. Karena itu Pemerintah Daerah Surakarta perlu mempercepat dan meningkatkan pemerataan pertumbuhan industri di daerahnya.  Berdasarkan Undang-Undang No. 3 tentang Perindustrian, Pasal 14 menyebutkan bahwa Pemerintah dan/atau Pemerintah Daerah melakukan percepatan penyebaran dan pemerataan pembangunan industri melalui perwilayahan industri, dimana satunya adalah sentra industri kecil dan industri menengah (Sentra IKM). Menurut Peraturan Pemerintah Republik Indonesia Nomor 29 Tahun 2018 tentang Pemberdayaan Industri, Pasal 1, yang menyatakan Sentra IKM adalah sekelompok IKM dalam satu lokasi/tempat yang terdiri dari paling sedikit 20 (dua puluh) unit usaha (untuk di Pulau Jawa) yang menghasilkan produk sejenis, menggunakan bahan baku sejenis, dan/atau melakukan proses produksi yang sama. Peraturan Presiden Republik Indonesia Nomor 2 Tahun 2018 Tentang Kebijakan Industri Nasional Tahun 2015-2019, Pengembangan Sentra IKM dilakukan melalui pemetaan lokasi, pembentukan kelembagaan, pengadaan dan pembangunan infrastruktur. Penguatan kelembagaan sentra dapat diperkuat melalui pengembangan kemampuan SDM   (bimbingan   teknis),   pengembangan   teknologi,   perluasan informasi, pengembangan pasar sentra dan fasilitasi kelembagaan sentra. Pengembangan sentra sejalan dengan program pemerintah berupa pengembangan OVOP (one village one product).