This study examines the effect of social capital and entrepreneurial leadership on the performance of MSMEs with innovation capability as a mediating variable. The population of this study was culinary sector MSMEs in Semarang City, with a sample of 193 respondents determined by Taro Yamane formula. Data analysis techniques include validity and reliability tests, descriptive analysis, and hypothesis testing using the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) through SmartPLS version 4.0. The results show that social capital and entrepreneurial leadership have a positive effect on innovation capability and MSME performance. This finding confirms the role of innovation capability as a mediating variable that strengthens the relationship between social capital and entrepreneurial leadership on MSME performance. For further research, it is recommended to include other variables such as market orientation and different leadership styles in order to expand the conceptual model developed.

Climate change has emerged as a serious threat to both humanity and the global ecosystem, necessitating a coordinated global response. The Paris Agreement embodies these efforts by emphasizing the principle of Common but Differentiated Responsibilities and Respective Capabilities (CBDR-RC), which underscores the awareness of shared responsibility with varying capacities among nations. This principle is reflected in the Nationally Determined Contributions (NDCs), serving as tangible manifestations of each country's commitment. This research addresses two main issues: Firstly, why is the CBDR-RC principle the foundation for implementing NDCs in Indonesia? Secondly, to what extent does the implementation of NDCs in Indonesia align with the CBDR-RC principle and Indonesia's commitments in the Paris Agreement to achieve sustainable development and address climate change? This study the study utilizes legislative, comparative, conceptual, and historical methodologies. Findings reveal that the CBDR-RC principle forms the basis of NDC implementation in Indonesia, grounded in Indonesia's membership status in the Paris Agreement. However, practical execution falls short, revealing a disparity between idealism and reality in realizing commitments and ambitions to address climate change.