Microorganisms are highly beneficial in sustainable agriculture as they are key components of the soil ecosystem and participate in various processes that enhance soil fertility, improve crop quality, and reduce reliance on synthetic chemicals. This study employs a meta-analysis or literature review method to examine previous research on the role of microorganisms in agriculture, specifically on how microorganisms play a critical role in sustainable farming. Most available studies rely on qualitative data or case studies, limiting the ability to conduct more in-depth quantitative analysis. The results indicate that waste processing into organic compost fertilizer is crucial. Applying organic farming methods improves crop quality while maintaining ecosystem balance.

One alternative to increase plant growth and improve soil quality sustainably is organic fertilizer. Based on previous studies, this study discusses how organic fertilizer affects plant growth and soil quality. The results of the study indicate that organic fertilizer can increase plant growth by providing nutrients gradually and supporting the activity of soil microorganisms responsible for decomposing organic matter. The use of organic fertilizers has also been shown to improve soil structure, increase water retention capacity, and enrich it. However, there are several obstacles when using organic fertilizers, such as longer decomposition times and inconsistent nutrient levels. Therefore, efforts to optimize the use of organic fertilizers must be carried out continuously to increase their capacity to support sustainable agriculture.